Academic Report: Child Labour and its Impact on Supply Chains

This report delves into the critical issue of child labour within supply chains, examining its prevalence in industries such as mining, agriculture, and manufacturing. The report defines child labour and highlights its detrimental effects on children, including physical and mental harm, occupational diseases, and the violation of fundamental rights. It references various studies and perspectives on the causes and consequences of child labour, including its impact on health, well-being, and education. The report also explores existing legal frameworks and regulations aimed at combating child labour. It offers recommendations for reducing child labour, such as enforcing stricter regulations, limiting working hours, and ensuring the health and safety of child workers. The report concludes by emphasizing the need for continued efforts to address this global issue and protect children's rights.

Academic Performance

Table of Contents
PART-B...........................................................................................................................................3
OVERVIEW....................................................................................................................................3
Child labor in supply chains........................................................................................................3
Recommendation.........................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

PART-B
OVERVIEW
The present report is based on the topic child labour in supply chain. It is termed as the
unfortunate of the child labour that is founded in the mining, agriculture and manufacturing
tourism-producing goods
Child labour in supply chains
Child labour means that it is the employment of the children in any field of work instead of
attending the schools. The work from them is regarding the physically, mentally, dangerous and
harmful for their life. In various cities it has been seen that so many children do the work in
mining and industry that have harmful gases and high level of machines which can also result in
death. It has various side effect that are regarding the that it will create the risks of contracting
occupational diseases that are like skin diseases, lungs and weak eyesight which is not good for
their future.
According to the view of Sadabadi, Fehri and Fartash (2021) child labour is not good practice
that is performed by the families as they send their children to go and work to earn the money in
the age when they have to play games and have to go to school for studies. Márquez, Holgado
and Maya-Jariego (2019) argued that sometimes children have to work because their parents are
suffering from the diseases. As they have to face several problems that are regarding the
premature ageing, drug dependency, depression etc. as per the view of Kamei (2018) sometimes
it is also benefits for the children who works under the right employment or as casual workers
and they can also build up their skills in small age that are learning what are the importance of
doing the jobs and can also get prepared for the jobs that they have to do in the future.
Sabates-Wheeler and Sumberg (2021) stated that it will result in mental harm and even can cause
to death as the children are not aware of different types of machines and other things that are
used in the industry. It can also result in sexual harassments and slavery exploitation for the
children. It is also the social issue as it results in complex problems that have resulted in
violating all the fundamental rights that are affecting the development in psychophysical manner.
Dinku and Fielding (2020) found in her study that it ends the life of the children as in very small

age they have to start working instead of health care, threatening their future and schooling
which is very important for them to make their future bright and shine so that they can give all
the facilities to their family. Hinch (2019) investigated that the health and well-being of the
children are on risks because of this child labour as they have to end their cycle of the poverty
and also have to sacrifice things.
Strobl (2017) presented that child labour of the supply chain have affected the life of 215 million
children across the world and around 115 million of the children have to perform the activities
that are known as the worst forms of the child labour. Khatab and et.al., (2019) said that in the
today's era it has been seen that so many children are seen at the roads as baggers as they have no
money to buy the food and even they sell different things that are balloons, key chains and other
things. On the other hand, Adonteng-Kissi (2018) said that child labour is the crime the person
who will recruit the children will have to face various consequences and will be also named
under the criminal list.
Rahikainen (2017) presented that to stop this child labour practices government s of the countries
have made several laws that are the licensing act 1964 that means that if any company or other
source will make the children work in their company then the government will cancel their
license and also it is the premises that have prohibited the employments of the children's.
According to the view of Trinh (2020) in UK the children can work in the field but they cannot
leave their school as it is against the law either they can do the part-time job or they cannot work
below the 18 years old. They can work before 7 AM and after 7 PM. As per the laws they can
only work for 4.5 hours’ day as set by the laws of United Kingdom. Sharma and Kukreja (2018)
said that if the children of age group 16 are working for the less than 8 hours then the company
must give them minimum thirty minutes of the break so that they can take rest.
Recommendation
It can be recommending that child labour can be reduced by making sure that children cannot
work more than the tine which was set by the government. The government can also make the
law that are regarding the part-time child workers by limiting the age that no children below the
14 age cannot work more than 14 hours per week. Child labour must reduce because of this child
labour as they have to end their cycle of the poverty and also have to sacrifice things. In addition
to this it can be recommended that this is the bad practice that is accrued specially in the rural
and informal economics that can be told as the beyond the reach based upon the labour

inspection and it can solves by the protecting the workers who are working in the organisation.
The company who is appointing the children in their organisation have to make sure that they
should do everything that is regarding the health and safety of the students by following all the
rules and regulations that are set by the government.
CONCLUSION
By summarising the above report, it has been concluded that child labour is banned in few cities
of UK but agreed in few by following all the rules and regulations. The report has evaluated the
merits and demerits of the child labour in supply chain. With the assistance of few authors the
report has discussed various problems that is regarding the diseases that can be faced by the
children.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adonteng-Kissi, O., 2018. Causes of child labour: Perceptions of rural and urban parents in
Ghana. Children and Youth Services Review. 91. pp.55-65.
Dinku, Y. and Fielding, D., 2020. The long-term association between child labour and cognitive
development. Oxford Development Studies, pp.1-22.
Hinch, R., 2019. Chocolate, Slavery, Forced Labour, Child Labour, and the State. A Handbook
of Food Crime: Immoral and Illegal Practices in the Food Industry and What to Do
About Them, pp.77-92.
Kamei, A., 2018. Parental absence and agency: The household characteristics of hazardous forms
of child labour in Nepal. Journal of International Development. 30(7). pp.1116-1141.
Khatab, K., and et.al., 2019. Prevalence and risk factors for child labour and violence against
children in Egypt using Bayesian geospatial modelling with multiple imputation. PLoS
one. 14(5). p.e0212715.
Márquez, E., Holgado, D. and Maya-Jariego, I., 2019. Innovation, dosage and responsiveness in
the implementation of the program “Edúcame Primero Perú” for reducing child
labour. Applied Research in Quality of Life. 14(3). pp.617-636.
Rahikainen, M., 2017. Centuries of child labour: European experiences from the seventeenth to
the twentieth century. Taylor & Francis.
Sabates-Wheeler, R. and Sumberg, J., 2021. Breaking out of the policy enclave approach to child
labour in sub-Saharan African agriculture. Global Social Policy, p.1468018121991813.
Sadabadi, A. A., Fehri, F. S. and Fartash, K., 2021. Social Innovation Action Research for
Lifestyle Improvement of Child Labour in Tehran (Social Innovation’s Idea on Child
Labour Lifestyle). Systemic Practice and Action Research, pp.1-17.
Sharma, A. and Kukreja, S., 2018. Impact of Labour Laws on Child Labour: A case of Tourism
Industry. International Journal of Advances in Agriculture Sciences.
Strobl, R., 2017. Does health insurance reduce child labour and education gaps? Evidence from
Rwanda. The Journal of Development Studies. 53(9). pp.1376-1395.

Trinh, T. A., 2020. Mental health impacts of child labour: evidence from Vietnam and India. The
Journal of Development Studies. 56(12). pp.2251-2265.