Comprehensive Report on Child Protection, Adoption, and Family Support

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of child protection policies, adoption practices, and family support programs in New South Wales. It examines the historical context, key theories, and social values underpinning these policies, with a focus on the government's objectives in safeguarding v...Read More

Running head: CHILD PROTECTION
CHILD PROTECTION
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

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Executive summary
The paper will facilitate the analysis and overview of growth in the protection of the child
and out of home care. It will outline reaction to perceived insufficient parenting to facilitate
policy and historical context of contemporary arguments and protection and care of children.
Child abuses affect the large proportion of children throughout New South Wales. The adoption
and family support program is initiated in response to contemporary issues.

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Table of Contents
Executive summary.........................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Key theories and social values.....................................................................................................3
Policy objectives..........................................................................................................................4
Policy framed and described in media.........................................................................................6
Criticism of policy approach........................................................................................................6
Effectiveness of the policy...........................................................................................................7
Appropriate response...................................................................................................................8
Inappropriate response.................................................................................................................9
Action plan...................................................................................................................................9
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
Replying to the vulnerable children those who are maltreated or neglected is a primary
focus of children wellbeing practices in New South Wales. Therefore safeguarding the child
from maltreatment and facilitating them out of home care presumes to be a major concentration
of the chided welfare policies. The scope and definition of maltreatment, the reasons and the
method it should be addressed are the matter of continuing national and international argument.
Thus the integral part of the argument is the nature of association in between the family and the
state, where the parents’ apparent entitlement to uphold their child autonomously is mediated by
the liability of state to interfere wherein the families miscarries due to deficit of parent
dysfunction or resources to fulfil the marginal standard of protection and care in the case of
neglect and abuse.
Determinations concerning child protection engage deciding inception or point at which
the behaviour of the parent constitute abuse. The setting of inception of interference is stimulated
by legal and moral issues, knowledge of the outcomes of maltreatment and resources constraints.
The inception for the interference of child protection has reduced with the enhanced
consciousness of the outcome of maltreatment on the development impact of child and growing
emphasis on the right of the children. The Australian state government authorities of child
protection have presumed obligation for reacting to the maltreatment issues.

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Key theories and social values
The significance of community is recently undergoing a revival of interest with the
governmental authority as well as family support and child welfares sectors reshaping the
services for becoming forging alliances and community-centred with the local communities to
assist in the enhancement of the social and physical environment of the communities. Until
recently, notwithstanding the progress of ecological theories of maltreatment of children,
policymakers, researchers and practitioners functioning to eradicate child abuse have often
observed structural forces as being away from the opportunity of prevention. The inclination has
been to adopt preventive measures to run within structural or environmental constraints.
Nevertheless, the growing appreciation that eradicates children abuse necessitates the
development of a method to discourse the societal determinants that underpinning child abuse.
The foster care survey was established to understand and explore the view of foster
carers’ concerning the adoption of the child. The issues were concerning to knowledge as foster
carers’, opinion of adoption of a child from out-of-home care, perceived advantages, obstruction
to adoption and also the opinion of the birth family (Salveron et al., 2015). There are several
obstructions to adoption that can be an out-of-home agency level. For instance US research of
potential adoptive parents who desire to adopt children with special necessities from foster care,
the social employees were often unethical, a deficit the requisite expertise and knowledge
regarding the adoption procedure or seeming to be deliberately delaying the procedure (Hodge &
Turner, 2016). Therefore the adoption practices in New South Wales recently are distinctly
diverse from that of prior practices of adoption and are featured by open inter]change of
information as well as an expectation of regular connection between birth as well as adoptive
families. The openness in the approach is mirrored in the value that is positioned permitting the

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children to comprehend the background and assisting them to have a relationship with cultural
heritage and birth families.
Policy objectives
An integrated structure of funding services of placement prevention and early
intervention was created to facilitate properly targeted parenting as well as other support
assistance to young people and families in New South Wales (Mathews et al., 2017). The “Early
Intervention and Placement Prevention” assistance is aimed at minimizing the probability of
young people and children from remaining or entering in child protecting structure. The existing
child, family and youth services funded under CSGP were rearranged under the structure with
assistance redirected to aid the strategic aims of KTS. The services structure that creates EIPP
services continuum is family and child support, family and youth support, brighter future,
intensive family assistance, intensive family preservation (Kim, McPherson & Sung, 2015). The
word “parenting program” is applied as a shield to encompass parent training, parent education,
family skills and parent support training. Parenting program concentrates on the short term
intervention programming intended to assist parents to enhance their association with children
and to assist the development of skills in reacting to the needs of children as well as properly
discoursing challenging emotional and behavioral issues. Parenting programs rest on behavioral
or relationship approach. The relationship method rest on the attachment theory, family support
theory, psychodynamic theory, whereas the behavioral method, describes the programs rest on
social learning or cognitive-behavioral theories. The efficient parental assistance, as well as skill
development, can aid the parents to administer challenging conduct better as well as construct a
robust positive association with their children.

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The key objective of adoption is to safeguarding the exposed members of the community
and further reduce obstruction to open adoption from out of home care. Open adoption is
considered as appropriate option to facilitate children with the consistency in a situation were
secure, safe and steady family homes are available (Smolkowski et al., 2017). The New South
Wales government has the legal obligation to protect the child at the danger of considerable
injury and are unable to survive safely at home with families under Children and Young Person
(Care and Protection) Act, 1998.
The government of New South Wales take initiatives to aid the family support program.
It targeted to advance a happy, healthy, safe environment to assist families in arriving at their full
prospective. The Sustaining New South Wales program aims to reinforce the association in
between parent, children and carers, establishing parenting capacity and improve child
wellbeing, health and development.
Policy framed and described in media
The mainstream of Australian media is anti-adoptive parents. It overstates the impact,
frequency and nature of stories that are published concerning complicated adoption experience
without facilitating proofs to aid the argument in the context of Australia (McCalman et al.,
2017). To the opposite, the observation that was made in 2013 is mainstream media of Australia
is pro-adoption proved by several heartwarming stories about the families who adopt children for
becoming parents and personality promotional spots. Therefore, it is rare for media to broadcast
or publish stories regarding adoption from the different context that is mother, adoptee or
member of the original family, social workers or emphasize the complication or losses and
trauma that is inherent in adoption policy.

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In examining the influence of media in prevention of child abuse, it had been discussed
the advantages of mass media programming as the method to propagate the right of children and
to enhance consciousness and also to prevent child maltreatment. Thus emphasis had been put to
the campaign strategies that might be effective to the rank that is backed by the social education
and direct family support program (Goudet et al., 2018).
Criticism of policy approach
The United Nations Convention on the right of the child set forth the human rights of
children. This involves political and civil rights of children in addition to that cultural, social and
economic rights. Article 12 of the United Nation Convention on the right of child identifies the
right of the child to all the matter that affecting them (White et al., 2017). The formal legal
procedure that directly engages the protection and care of child involving adoption. The absence
of participation by the child in the legal procedure was emphasized by nation investigation’s
1997 report. The policy is criticized as it deficit the participation of children in the procedure of
adoption. The decision of the child is required to give the utmost importance unless he or she is
incapable of giving instruction. The novel legislation enabling the adoption of children from state
foster care organization without obtaining the consent of parents was passed in the parliament of
New South Wales. The changes made by the new legislation is considered oppressive (Pecora et
al., 2018).
The family support program has been criticized as it failed to protect the rights and
interest of children as it t failed to address the best interest of the child. It also failed to protect
the child from maltreatment.

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Effectiveness of the policy
It is evident that adoption is not proper for all child. Adoption is not regarded as
culturally appropriate for Torres Strait Islander, and aboriginal children for whose placement
within kin is favored. Therefore adoption is regarded as appropriate for children those are in ling
period foster care. In New South Wales, the children endure to remain out of home care for a
longer duration for instance 46% of child out-of-home care in New South Wales today has been
in care for five years or more, 43% of the child leaving out-of-home care are 15 years or older
some of them age out of the system at 18 years. Hence 0.7 per cent of children adopted from care
in comparison to those in out-of-home care is very insignificant (Sanders & Mazzucchelli,
2017). In New South Wales, the policy efforts to enhance the figure if adoption there is a
requirement to assess as to whether an individual is conscious of policy changes. The objective
of the research is to comprehend the perception of the general public of open adoption from the
out-of-home care in addition to that to explore what determinants deter or motivate them from
regarding an adopting child from out-of-home care. The effort of the government of NSW is to
motivate open adoption as one of the avenues is evidenced by recent $ 24 million investment to
the fast track outstanding cases as well as streamline the process of adoption (Redmond et al.,
2016).
The family support stream aimed families and children witnessing low to medium risk
concerns that can be resolved by facilitating proper, targeted, short tenure assistance to eradicate
escalation of the concern. The needs of each family should have discoursed individually as well
as proper service mixes facilitate to match with the needs of the individual. Share obligation for
the protection and care of the child as well as young people is the chief principle of KTS
development. The commitment and integration to the collaborative practice will guarantee that

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potential capability of prevention and also early intervention service structure throughout New
South Wales are more fully appreciated. Therefore the assistance that is provided by family
support service must be informed by the state government and facilitated in collaboration with
recognized services and programs especially the rollout of Triple P by families NSW, Indigenous
Early Childhood Development National Partnership, Youth Connections and Re-connect.
Appropriate response
The key objective of the government of NSW is to safeguard the helpless members of the
community and also to eradicate obstruction to open adoption from out –of-home-care. The
policy of open adoption is regarded as the best alternatives to facilitate the children with stability
are conditions where secure, safe family residences are not available. Furthermore, the
government of New South Wales, as well as recognized providers of adoption services, might
make arrangement concerning placement of the child for adoption in New South Wales under the
Adoption Act, 2000. The adoption method is considered as appropriate as it facilitates
permanency and stability for children out-of-home protection with the viable option of local
adoption.
Formal family support can evolve from a series of diverse sources involving written
resources, telephone advice lines, parent education schemes and online forums. Therefore
efficient parenting support can aid in the growth of positive, healthy child-parent interaction, the
keystone to the positive child impacts. Although the family support approaches have been proved
to be beneficial it is significantly beneficial for the families who are witnessing certain category
of issues involving mental health problems, substance abuse, learning complication cam cause

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the parents exposed to the lowered capability of providing primary care, nurturing climate for
children.
Inappropriate response
The adoption approach failed to address the issue that is faced by aboriginal individuals.
The main theme of United Nation Declaration is to establish the connection in between
indigenous individuals, the government and broader community. In order for aboriginal
individuals to survive according to values, they require to have the authority to take obligation
for creating and reshaping novel vision for the society. The policy is regarded as ineffective as
the continuing drawback that is experiencing by aboriginal people does not mirror miscarries by
the government to dedicate financial resources t the initiatives targeted at discoursing it.
The family support approach is regarded as an inappropriate response to the problem as it
fails to address behavioral issues and health problems. In addition to that, they are also probable
to witness food and housing insecurity, less supportive parental associations and lower rank of
educational accomplishment.
Action plan
The ethical codes of AASW encompass the responsibilities and values that are integral t
and also categories the profession of social working. It is designed to aid the social workers
individually and collectively to conduct in an ethically responsible manner in the detection of the
profession’s objectives (Dunst & Espe-Sherwindt, 2016). The maintenance and pursuit of the
wellbeing of individuals. Social works intended to enhance the growth of the potential of
individuals as well as the satisfaction of human requirements in pursuance to the Australian

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Association of Social Workers, 1999. The ethical code reinforces human dignity and detection of
social justice.
The first strategy that supports the claim of the family support program is it strengthens
the parent obligation arrangement scheme to aid disengaged parents. Social works are appointer
at the interface in between environment and person, and the members of AASW facilitates a
series of assistances across various zones. Another benefit of family support program involves
the method of assisting in family and child welfare, rehabilitation, child protection, income
support and also housing support.
Conclusion
Thus it can be concluded from the discussion mentioned above that the paper has
reviewed the scope of practices of child welfare in addition to that several method by which the
sate react to families and children. The system of child protection and the practice of family
assistance is constantly evolving, and statutory intervention has a far-reaching impact on families
and children.

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References
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intervention. In Handbook of early childhood special education (pp. 37-55). Springer,
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Goudet, S., Griffiths, P. L., Wainaina, C. W., Macharia, T. N., Wekesah, F. M., Wanjohi, M., ...
& Kimani-Murage, E. (2018). Social value of a nutritional counselling and support
program for breastfeeding in urban poor settings, Nairobi. BMC public health, 18(1), 424.
Hodge, L. M., & Turner, K. M. (2016). Sustained implementation of evidence‐based programs in
disadvantaged communities: A conceptual framework of supporting factors. American
Journal of Community Psychology, 58(1-2), 192-210.
Kim, J. W., McPherson, L., & Sung, K. T. (2015). Alternatives to international adoption:
Emotional issues in the Korean cultural context. Children and Youth Services Review, 52,
167-173.

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Mathews, E., Thomas, E., Absetz, P., D’Esposito, F., Aziz, Z., Balachandran, S., ... &
Oldenburg, B. (2017). Cultural adaptation of a peer-led lifestyle intervention program for
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McCalman, J., Heyeres, M., Campbell, S., Bainbridge, R., Chamberlain, C., Strobel, N., &
Ruben, A. (2017). Family-centred interventions by primary healthcare services for
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States: a systematic scoping review. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 17(1), 71.
Pecora, P. J., Whittaker, J. K., Barth, R. P., Borja, S., & Vesneski, W. (2018). The child welfare
challenge: Policy, practice, and research. Routledge.
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(2016). Are the kids alright? Young Australians in their middle years: Final report of the
Australian Child Wellbeing Project.
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school psychology, 62, 103-125.
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