Organisational Structures, Culture and Leadership Styles Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, comparing and contrasting the organisational structures and cultures of City College and a car rental enterprise. It examines the relationship between organisational structure, culture, and their impact on performance, evaluating factors influencing individual behaviour at work. The report delves into different leadership styles, comparing their effectiveness and explaining how organisational theory links to management styles. It evaluates the approaches used by both organisations and assesses the impact of leadership styles on staff behaviour. Furthermore, it explores motivational theories, group dynamics, teamwork factors, and the impact of technology on team functions, offering valuable insights into effective organisational management and leadership practices. The report concludes by synthesizing the findings and highlighting key takeaways for improving organisational performance.

ORGANISATION
AND
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
AC1.1Compare and contrast the organisational structures and culture of city college and car
rental enterprise...........................................................................................................................4
AC1.2.The relationship between an organisation’s structure and culture and the effects of
both on the performance of the organisation..............................................................................5
AC.1.3. Evaluation of various factors that might influence the behaviour of individuals at
work.............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
AC.2.1.Comparison of the effectiveness of different leadership styles and their style that
could impact on the two organisations.......................................................................................6
AC.2.2. Explanation of organisational theory is linked to the style of management which is
most likely to be practised in the two organisations...................................................................7
AC.2.3. Evaluate the different approaches used by City College and car rental Enterprise.......7
AC 3.1 The impact of different leadership styles that are likely to have on the staff's
behaviour at City College and Car rental Enterprise. ............................................................8
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................8
AC3.2 Motivational theories that City College and Enterprise might adopt .............................8
AC3.3..........................................................................................................................................9
AC4.1 Nature of groups and group behaviour within the workforces........................................9
AC4.2 Factors Responsible for Effective Team Work in an Organisation..............................10
AC4.3 Impact of Technology on Team Functions...................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERNCES.................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is the analyses of the behaviour of individuals that influences the
impact of their behaviours in the organisation. And how they can apply their knowledge and
behavioural factors for the improvement of the organisation. Organisational behaviour is used for
managing the teams and it helps them to understand the human behaviour. Understanding of the
human behaviour helps the management to get a insight of them and then they can use their
leadership styles to motivate them to work efficiently and attain organisational goals. It helps to
learn about the overall personality of the employees working there in the organisation including
their knowledge and their attitudinal behaviours(Agarwal Datta and Bhargava,2012.). In the
present report, the importance of organisational behaviour is going to be discussed and by
gaining insight through the case let we know how the individual behave in different situations
and with different people. As individual behaviour is influenced by variety of factors at work,
leaders and managers affect their behaviour. This report will help us to understand how to deal
with the different organisational culture and how to make it effective.
AC1.1Compare and contrast the organisational structures and culture of city college and car
rental enterprise.
Organisational structures : are the process of working of the organisation whereas
organisational culture refers to various rules(Alfes, Shantz and Soane, 2013), beliefs and values
of the organisation's members.
According to the case-let ; company A has a flat organisation structure whereas company B has a
tall organisational structure.
Basis Company A: city college Company B: Car rental
enterprise
Organisational structure Flat: this structure is followed
in small organisation as they
dont follow the hierarchical
structure
Tall: they follow the hierarchy
structure as they are big
organisation and requires a
systematic structure, otherwise
things cant be managed.
Chain of command Short: they focus on chain of
command and these structures
Long: many managers are
there in these structures, so the

empowers the employees. chain of command increases.
Organisational culture : it refers to the beliefs and values of the individuals working in an
organisation. And the culture that is adopted in the organisation(Ashby 2013). According to
Charles handy organisational culture has four types and they are:
 Task Culture: this culture motivates the team efforts, in this the employees came
together to form a team usually of 5-6 embers to solve a particular problem.
 Person culture: this culture gives importance to persons more than the organisation, the
goals of persons are more important than the goals of organisation. Because of this
organisation suffers.
 Role culture: in this type of culture whoever has specialisation are assigned the
responsibility for that only and they are accountable for it., and the best is extracted oput
of them.
 Power: the power is not delegated in this type of organisation culture. Here employees
don't have any option but to follow their superiors..this is not fair approach
(Bird,Saalfeld, and Wüs 2010), leaders may get biased in this type of culture.
AC1.2.The relationship between an organisation’s structure and culture and the effects of both
on the performance of the organisation.
Organisational culture and structure are both interconnected. City college has a flat
structure as they have less number of employees and have only two management levels and they
have al the responsibilities for the execution of work. Because of this they are usually pressurised
and they fall short on deadlines. They follow power culture which vests all the power in their
hands of the administration and the powers are centralised(Einarsen,and et.al 2011). They did
not delegate the powers and responsibilities it sows lack of trust of management on the
employees and hence it decreases the morale of the employees and decreases efficiency of work.
Whereas in car rental enterprises the company follows the tall structure as its a huge
company with over 75000 employees so they need a proper hierarchical structure and the
management follows the task organisational culture and they delegate the responsibilities and
decentralises then power. In task structure the team is formed for solving any kind of problem
and it increases the efficiency of the team and results in enhanced morale of employees.

AC.1.3. Evaluation of various factors that might influence the behaviour of individuals at work
There are n number of factors that influence the individuals behaviour in the organisation.
Its essential for both the organisation to manage their individuals and give a proper
organisational environment to their workers(Fernández Montesnd Vázquez 2012.). They get
influenced by many things that affected their behaviour adversely and affect the behaviour of
organisation. Following are the influencive factors:
Leadership: city college has the power structure so they follow the autocratic leadership
style. The employees feel neglected when they are not a part of the decisions of the company .
Through the leadership they can motivate the employees and the morally boosted employee can
work wonders. Leadership as that effect which can influence the workers both positively and
negatively.
Employees participation: it is very important to involve the employees in the issues of
company as well as in decision making. It helps to involve them n the policies as if they are
involved they will get attached to the organisation and put more efforts into it.
Safety at work: the safety is the utmost right of every employee. They will not work in
any conditions which will cause hazardous impact on the lives of them(Lloyd,and Mey2010). As
in case of car rentals, they have a riskier environment than city college. So they have to take
some measures and ensures safety of the workers.
TASK 2
AC.2.1.Comparison of the effectiveness of different leadership styles and their style that could
impact on the two organisations.
The leadership style which the city college follows is autocratic. As per their
organisational culture and structure viz., flat and power, this leadership style is suitable for them.
City college comprises of mainly teaching department, department of human resources, and
administration department. Here all the decisions are taken by the top management and they are
imposed on the other level people(Mendes and Stander, 2011), this helps in decreasing the
efficiency of work. It leaves negative impact on employees and high negligence.
Car rental enterprise uses democratic leadership style as they are big company and has
numerous employees and they need to be involved so as to run the company in good faith. And

have the support of all the employees. They appreciate employees to have the open interaction
with them and they follow a open door policy.
The impact of both the styles vary a lot in the organisation the styles vary according to the type
of structure they have(Mohammad Habib,and Alias 2011). Here democratic style has more
advantages in improving the efficiency of the organisation as well as of employees.
AC.2.2. Explanation of organisational theory is linked to the style of management which is most
likely to be practised in the two organisations.
For increasing the efficiency of employees, car rental is using the scientific theory which
enhances the performance of the organisation and improved its overall development. It helps
them, to attain the tasks and objectives of the organisation. The business of them requires
scientific knowledge as to operate and understand the mechanism of a engine. Democratic
leadership styles help support the management theory(ooni 2013). Both the theory and style of
leadership are interconnected with each other. It creates the work environment and helps in
managing their work systematically.
Autocratic leadership style is prevailing in the city college as they have less number of
employees. In this style they impose their decisions on the employees and does not give them
any power to make any decisions. The theory of management which is prevailing here is Neo
classical theory(Pentecost,and Andrews 2010.). They mainly focus on the employees . The focus
on the employee increases their productivity and they get motivated if they are acknowledged.
They are involved in the decision making and thus helps in increasing the performance of the
organisation.
These theories have been interlinked to achieve the objectives and goals of both the organisation.
According to the structure these styles and theories are adopted.
AC.2.3. Evaluate the different approaches used by City College and car rental Enterprise.
Management and leadership approaches helps to improve the performance of both
employees as well as of organisation. These approaches are:
Behavioural science approach: this approach helps the management to understand the
behaviour of the employees working in city college and car rentals(Rahim Jalaludin,and
Tajuddin, 2011). This observes the characteristics of the employees and uses them for their
development and motivation. They study their behaviour in different situations. With both the
styles that is autocratic and democratic whichever suits them they can achieve the objectives.

Systematic approach: it focuses on making the structural system in the organisation
which delegates the authorities and responsibilities among the employees of every level. It gives
them as sense of responsibility and they get attached to the organisation and efficiency
increases(Robinson, 2014). In car rental this approach will suit best as they have various
divisions so they can divide the duties and which in result help them to work break down
structure and properly allocate their work and complete it in time. It may decrease the flow of
work but the individual efficiency will increase.
AC 3.1 The impact of different leadership styles that are likely to have on the staff's behaviour
at City College and Car rental Enterprise.
There is importance of leadership styles and they have a specific effect on it . The
organisation succeeds with the methods they follow. So its very important for an organisation to
choose the approach of leadership carefully so as to get better results. The styles which these
firms follows are autocratic and democratic. City levels follow autocratic whereas democratic is
followed by car rentals enterprises.
Democratic leadership style: This style is also known as participative approach. It
invites the suggestions of the employees and take help from them in making decisions. By taking
suggestion from various number of employees they get various innovative ideas as lots of
different minds are involved(Tohidinia,and Mosakhani,2010). It helps in gaining trust of
employees and they feels that they are part of the organisation and give their heart and soul to the
organisation.
Autocratic style: This approach is used where the management does not want to delegate
the powers to the employees, it helps in taking quick decisions but it doses not involve
employees so it gives them a sense of aloofness in the organisation(Suppiahnd Singh 2011. ). So
as to succeed in the business you must have the support of your employees and for that you
should follow participative approach. And thus increase the involvement of the employees
Task 2
AC3.2 Motivational theories that City College and Enterprise might adopt
One of the popular theories Enterprise Car Rental Co can adapt is
Maslow's need Hierarchy theory. Maslow's need hierarchy theory is based
on the human needs and thus any organization with human workforce could

apply this theory of motivation to get the best out of their employees. Even
the City College can also provide the amenities of the needs to their
teaching and non teaching staff according Maslow's need hierarchy theory.
Maslow believed that once human's level of need is satisfied, it no
more provides any motivation to the man. The next higher level of needs is
needed to be activated to motivated man. Maslow, then identified the five
various levels of need hierarchy.
The company can provide the employees with the basic needs that a
human need in his life. If the company provide physiological needs like two
time meals a day and a quarter to leave in with the monthly salary, the
Enterprise can have very motivated employees who are ready to work for
the progress of the company. And once if they accomplished he will himself
attain the next levels of human needs such as physiological needs , social,
esteem and self actualization needs. Same goes with the case of the City
College also.
AC3.3
Even though the theory chosen for application in the City College and
the Enterprise Car Rental Co are the same, Maslow's need Hierarchy
theory. The theory advices to provide basic needs to human and it would
help you gain a stable line of employees. The employees of the Enterprise
Car Rental may have the office assistants, drivers and service experts in the
major portion of their workforce. Who ever be the employee recruited, they
shall be provided with quarters where the employee could reside with their
family. There can be free lunch served to the employees at workplace. As
the number of facilities increase(Syurik Ghislandi Tkalya 2012), there shall
be minor deduction from their monthly salary too. The salaries given to the
employees must be directly proportionate to their education and skills. The
large number of educated employees in the promotion section, the more
customers will approach the company and the more will be the revenue. But

the stability of the employees at a workplace is decided by the environment
they are working in and facilities they are availed by their employers.
In the same way, the City College shall also provide facilities of staff
quarters to the faculties and non teaching staff. The staff who are residing
in quarters without family shall be provided with free meals at the
university canteen. More the comfortable employees feel, more better they
will work and they will stay for long at the organization.
AC4.1 Nature of groups and group behaviour within the workforces
Formal Groups: A formal group is designed purposely for
accomplishing an organizational objective. It is created with a formal
authority for some purpose regarding the objectives of the company. A
formal group may be a command group or possibly a functional group
composed of manager and their juniors to whom the works are be delegated
or call them subordinates. They should be in constant contact with each
other regarding the duties they are assigned and to discuss general ideas
and ideas with a special objective to make any improvisation to the product
or service produced by the company.
Informal Groups: These kind of groups are themselves made by
the members of the group unlike the formal groups created to meet an
organizational goal. Informal groups emerges naturally, without any formal
authority's command and may have similar interests among the members of
the organization itself. These groups form spontaneously and does not need
any discussions or official meeting to be created. The members most
probably have very strong bonds and even meet each others outside the
organization. Their togetherness can bring in a special positive effect to the
working environment. They can even influence the productivity and could
bring the realization of job satisfaction.
AC4.2 Factors Responsible for Effective Team Work in an Organisation
Focusing On Goals- A team is driven by the common goals for which it has to work. In order to
have an effectiveness in the team members the common goals need to be communicated in

advance to its team members and they should be properly understood by the team members and
thus helps the team to achieve success and focuses on the overall goals of the organisation .
Compensation-The members of the team work well when they are clear about what they will be
compensated for the efforts they are making towards the organisation .Preparing business notes
is a best way to come up with the compensation plan before assembling the team members
Compensation can be removed as a compensation to effective team work if all the members of
that team feel that they are being compensated fairly that that can help them to increase
productivity.
Communication-Communication is a tool that develop effectiveness among the team members .
There are two levels of communication first communication between the team members and
second communication from top to bottom between the management and the team. Open
communication should be encouraged between the team members so that they learn how to
communicate with different members of their team and this also encourages interaction between
the team members outside the office to develop better communication skills.
AC4.3 Impact of Technology on Team Functions
The use of technologies can improve the functioning of the team and in some cases it can also
hinders the team functions. As the technology update the team must also update and maintain
their knowledge in order to work effectively and efficiently. There are certain technologies that
has improved team functioning which are as follows;
E-Mails- E-mail has allowed communication where the team members need not to be at the
same place at the same time to communicate effectively(Watson and Korczynski 2011). E-mail
is the cheapest and most economical way of sending the message but it also have negative aspect
in terms of managing e-mail and the misuses of e-mail by others.
Mobile Phones-Mobile phone also known as cell phone are the most economical way of
communication .They have made communication easier and connected people around the globe .
Mobile phones allow team members to communicate even when the team members are out of the
work place. It also have a negative impact that always having access to the team members can
hinder team functioning.
Groupware-This application allows technology to plan meetings(Willits and Nowacki,
2014.),collaborate with the team members,delegate authority and responsibility within a virtual

environment which can be access with the help of the remote technology which are wireless
from anywhere in the world.
Personal computers allow team member to carry out various task and communication process
mores efficiently and the data could be stored on the computer for further use.
CONCLUSION
As per this report it has been seen that the organisation behaviour depends on the behaviour of
individual working in the organisation and how they affect the internal environment of the firm.
The culture and structure of the organisation has played a major role in the success of both the
organisations. The choice of structure to be followed and the cultural choices plays a very
influencial role. The leadership styles depicts the type of workers that are there as the style is
adopted according to the employees. The need and impact of motivational theories ion the
workers and the results has shown a great affect. The team spirit of both the firms has make them
a success. Some improvements are required in case of city college in term of leadership style as
it does not involves workers. For a business to flourish technological aspects must be up to date.
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