Civil Engineering Construction Report: Riverside Complex

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Construction and The Built Environment
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Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
LO1............................................................................................................................................4
P1............................................................................................................................................4
P2............................................................................................................................................5
P3............................................................................................................................................6
M1..........................................................................................................................................6
LO2............................................................................................................................................7
P4............................................................................................................................................7
P5............................................................................................................................................7
M2..........................................................................................................................................7
LO3............................................................................................................................................9
P6............................................................................................................................................9
P7............................................................................................................................................9
M3..........................................................................................................................................9
LO4..........................................................................................................................................11
P8..........................................................................................................................................11
P9..........................................................................................................................................12
M4........................................................................................................................................12
Conclusion................................................................................................................................14
Reference..................................................................................................................................15
Table of Figures:
Figure 1: Excavator....................................................................................................................4
Figure 2: Backhoe Loader..........................................................................................................4
Figure 3: Motor grade................................................................................................................5
Figure 4: CAD design................................................................................................................9
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Introduction
In the given scenario, one has to implement a complex which is of multiple use and the land
for building up the complex is situated near the near and the airport is just near the land of
complex. The complex is situated just few km away from highway expressway which
connects two big cities. The complex has to build with great quality of material and the
foundation is done properly.
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LO1.
P1.
The earthwork equipment, activities and some major technique which were used in the
scenario are discussed in this module. By using the given scenario, the engineer has to
implement the complex of 1km by 1km. While constructing engineer has to keep some things
in mind that are:
1. While constructing a complex or building, the engineer uses many of the devices for
making holes in the land for foundation purposes.
2. Unnecessary stones and irrelevant equipment have to be removed from the site so that
there will be a levelled land and it’s quite easy to work on it.
3. Proper drilling is obtained in the land to acquire the proper foundation of the complex
which was described in the scenario.
4. For grading the soil and for rocks many of the heavy equipment are used.
There are many of the equipment used to perform earthwork activities:
1. Excavator is used for grading soil and rocks. It consists of a big arm like a bucket
from which the material is taken out and is moved from 1 place to another and that
equipment is moved up to 3600.
Figure 1: Excavator
2. A backhoe loader has some of the similar roles to move the products from 1 place to
the next place.
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Figure 2: Backhoe Loader
3. The motor grade is used to eliminate the irrelevant dust from the site. It has blades
which can be manageable and used for making the surface flat. (Rodriguez, 2013)
Figure 3: Motor grade
P2.
Foundation is a must for constructing every site whether it’s complex or building
construction. In the given scenario, 1 has to take full control of the foundation of the site
because the complex is relatively near the river so the land is moisturized and consist of more
deep foundation.
The pile-foundation is necessary for improving the terrains between the complex while the
site which has to implement is a near river, airport, and expressway so, the engineer has to
take care of these things.
General techniques of the complex foundation are:
1. Foundation wells: The foundation is developed up to the load-bearing layer of earth.
2. Soil improvement: In other words, usually known as Soil mixing technique. The soil
is mixed for increasing the capacity of the soil.
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3. Foundation piles: The foundation completed with drilling procedure. In this
technique, high torque drilling equipment is used and drilled up to a level that the
moisture will not affect the site given in the scenario.
The method for drainage works for construction of site:
1. Scope: The engineer has to describe the scope of this system and why it is done.
2. Relevant Specifications: The engineer has to define the specification of the system
that how it works.
3. Tools Required: The tools and the equipment, properly described which will be used
in constructing the site.
P3.
The strategies take place while having pipe culvert construction are the placement of bedding,
the structure of pipes, construction of headwalls, joining of pipes, the supply of water or
liquid through pipes are managed. The utilities which are used for constructing the building
are the products installed in building for regular use. Some of them are underground pipeline,
subdivision utility exposures, underground electrical line.
These are constructed for basement purposes in the buildings stated in the scenario. The
complex used this construction procedure for underground parking, for an underground
garage, and for water storage. (Liao, Cheng, & Chen, 2018)
M1.
Some of the methods used in the earthmoving operations and deep excavations are given
below:
1. Common excavation: This is generally used when the irrelevant soil has to be
removed from the part of rocks and to make the rock hard and more reliable.
2. Rock excavation: This is used in the large area where the number of rocks is higher
and the irrelevant rocks which have some of the chemical properties like
sedimentation; metamorphism, etc are to be removed and acquired the best rocks.
3. Unclassified excavation: This is used when common and rock excavation does not
take place. This will be used to dispose of the irrelevant material from the site.
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LO2.
P4.
While constructing a complex or building, one has to take care of the safety of labors and
safety of materials and any other safety precautions which are required. While constructing a
building first, the engineer has to implement the structure and blue-print of building so that
there are no chances of risks.
The risks associated with the complex which has to be constructed are given below:
1. The risk of fire.
2. The risk of stability.
3. The risk of the natural phenomena occurred during the construction
So, talking about how the risk is managed, the first one has to confirm all the risks associated
with the given task (Usrey, 2016).
P5.
While construction, safety is the most crucial and valuable part because many life’s and a
huge capital has spent on the construction site. Generally, construction sites are the most
accidental area. For managing the risk of accident in construction, one should have to follow
proper steps:
1. Proper training has been given to labours and to the engineers.
2. First-aid and doctors are present on the site.
3. After exploring the qualifications of an employee, assign a new task to that employee.
4. Regular inspection is going on.
5. Always work under hierarchical form of employees.
6. Don’t use any type of chemical and sharpened material with your hand.
7. Always wear a helmet while working on a site.
M2.
As we have discussed in the above modules the safety and precautions are very necessary for
each and every site. Many of the people are a compromise with their life just for constructing
the building. The health and safety rules while implementing the site are listed below:
 If one has a problem of height then he or she does not want to go to that height for any
purpose.
 If anything happens to anyone then at the same time, he or she has to quit the job and
take the first aid treatment.
 Never sit over the machines used for drilling and other big purposes.
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 Allocate the work according to the condition of an employee.
 Always wear cloth according to the site.
 Always follow the order of senior and do as he or she tells.
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LO3.
P6.
As given in the scenario, the complex has to make of 1km by 1km and it is riverside and it is
at a distance from the expressway. The airport is also near the land which is chosen for
building that complex so there are some of the problems which will take place while
constructing this site are stated below:
 The land is full of moisture because the river is near the land. The drilling and
foundation take more time than and not as reliable as of normal one.
 The height and the structure of the building are adjusting according to the scenario as
stated that the airport is near that land so, the height has to be managed.
 The land which is taken to implement the complex is near the expressway and it has
to note that the pollution coming out from that complex is balanced because there is a
highway which joins two cities. (Ali and Kamaruzzaman, 2010)
P7.
As the problems are described in the above module that some of the problems which are
going to take place while constructing this site. So, to balance or to solve that problem, some
of the solutions are established as given below:
 The land has to drill up to great level and the foundation created is deeper than the
usual one so, that the stability of the building is maintained and them building seems
to be strong.
 The height of the building is maintained because of the airport. One has to take care
that flights does not face any problem while take-off and landing.
 The pollution came from the complex is to be maintained and a specific path is
generated to exhaust the pollution that it will not go in the flow of the city and does
not harm anyone.
M3.
In the given scenario, some of the problems occur, risk and safety also play a major role in
the construction of any building. Some of the factors which are responsible while
implementing the complex are taken care of. The environmental condition while constructing
are to be noted down that after the complex is completed, it affects the environment or not
and if it effects then at what extent it will do so. Another is the quality and economic context
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from the perspective of the problem that it will destroy any economic condition or not and it
is totally taken care of. As from the given scenario, the economy is not destroyed by the
construction of the building but the environment will affect from this, due to the pollution
coming out from the complex is might be dangerous but at some extent, it will affect the
environment.
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LO4.
P8.
Some of the methods used in designing highways are:
Design traffics: It is the technique used in designing the traffic lights on the highway roads
to reduce the traffic and to control the traffic moving on the road. Many of the multi-axle
vehicles cross the highway so to reduce and control the amount of traffic, the traffic design is
used to implement the traffic lights.
Wheel loads: It here refers to how much weight does that road will handle at a time. Many of
the heavy-duty vehicles crosses the highway roads so for the better quality of road the wheel
load is taken in the queue that how much load that road will handle.
Flexible pavements: It is the process in which the divider and any other qualities of the roads
are taken care of. The flexibility of pavements of the road is defined as the quality of soil and
grading of soil is done in a particular manner and also noted that the materials used in the
highway are of good quality.
Cost analysis: In this method, the cost of implementing the road is as per the material used in
creating the road or not. There is certain pavement methods for which the cost differs in
many circumstances (Molenar and Gransberg, 2001).
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P9.
Figure 4: CAD design
This is a design proposal of a usual office building which is situated near the location similar
to the location given in the scenario. The architecture of this project is totally based on the
construction given in the scenario. This complex consists of different rooms and offices in a
building.
M4.
In this, the foundation is done for the pillars of the bridges and that foundation is done in a
very unique and good manner. It is although a very important part of bridges and will take all
the load of the pillars and transfer that load in the soil. The motive of the bridge foundation is
to balance a load of bridge and traffic over it into the soil. Some of the foundation techniques
are:
Spread foundation: It is generally used to build the pillars of the bridges at some distance
and is used for implementing the small bridges.
Raft foundation: It is also used for constructing the small bridges where the soil is of
different kind and the moisture present in the soil is in a different ratio.
Deep foundation: It is generally used for constructing the large bridges and in this technique,
the foundation done is deep and very large compared to its width. The pillars of the bridge are
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