The Significant Role of Clinical Biomarkers in Cancer Management

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of the role of clinical biomarkers in the management of cancer patients. It defines clinical biomarkers as indicators of biological situations that aid in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer-related diseases. The essay discusses the five major types of biomarkers: antecedent, screening, diagnostic, staging, and prognostic, highlighting their significance in cancer diagnosis and management. It examines the application of biomarkers in diagnosing prostate and breast cancer, emphasizing the use of prostate-specific antigens and tumor markers. The essay also addresses the limitations of biomarker approaches and concludes that clinical biomarkers are essential tools for specialists in identifying and predicting the most effective therapies for cancer diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Desklib offers a wealth of resources for students, including solved assignments and past papers, to aid in their academic pursuits.

Role of clinical biomarkers in the
management of cancer patients

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Table of Contents
Role of the clinical biomarker in cancer patients...............................................................................2
References........................................................................................................................................................... 6

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Role of the clinical biomarker in cancer patients
Term biomarker is defined as the indicator of a few biological situations and it helps
patients to reduce the problem of cancer. Mainly, such kind of process is used in the
clinical research and diagnosis of cancer related disease (Allegra, et al., 2012). The goal
of this essay is to evaluate the concept of clinical biomarker and discuss how these are
used in the diagnosis of cancer illness. Such kind of process is also used to organ
functions of cancer and it is a alter treatment for the cancer related health issues. This
essay will explain the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of the cancer problem, and
how this process is used to indicate prognosis.
A biomarker is an advance approach that helps patients to reduce the effect of disease
and diagnosis of cancer health issue. Such kind of process is divided into major five
parts such as antecedent biomarker, screening biomarkers, diagnostic biomarkers,
staging biomarkers and prognostic biomarkers (Cima, et al., 2011). It is observed that
the clinical biomarker play a significant role in the field of cancer diagnosis and it also
directs the management of cancer people. Moreover, such kind of process shows
individual factors which affect the cancer patients and it also helps cancer patients in
order to reduce the impact of health disease.
It is one of the best approaches to diagnosis cancer and other health related issues and
it also provides a platform to indicate diagnosis by identifying the key factors that
increase the problem of cancer. The screening and antecedent both kinds of biomarkers
used to indicate a diagnosis of cancer issue and it also identifies the key factors that
increase the rate of cancer disease. The ABO blood group system is one of the first
biomarker examples which are used to identify and indicate a diagnosis for the ABO
haemolytic infection. In this modern era, many clinical communities use this technique
in order to indicate the diagnosis of cancer patients and detect the key elements that
increase the problem of cancer. A recent study about biomarker indicated that the
biomarkers can be produced by the cancer tissue in the human body system and they
can be found in the human tumour tissue and stool (Heneghan, et al., 2010). Ejection
fraction can be used as a diagnostic biomarker in the cancer related patients and it
detects human with the subset of cancer infection.

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There are major two kinds of cancer occur in the patients for example, breast and
prostate cancer both can be diagnosis with the help of clinical biomarker process. It is
observed that prostate cancer is one of the common cancers that kill more individuals
as compared to breast cancer and many health communities use the biomarker to
diagnosis this cancer problem. It is analysed that the prostate cancer is the third most
common cause of death in the United Kingdom and it is growing rapidly but many
clinical communities adopted the biomarker process in order to diagnosis these issues
(Kosaka, Iguchi, and Ochiya, 2010). The huge proportion of prostate cancer is never
destined to progress and it is very important to identify the key factors that produce
such kind of disorder. For which the clinical biomarker is used and it helps humans to
reduce the effect of prostate cancer on the human body system. The prostate specific
antigen is one of the most common methods that used to detect the prostate cancer and
in this modern era the biomarkers are used with this technique to improve the
efficiency of the PSA system.
Moreover, the prostate biomarker is used for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and it has
the potential to identify the signs and symptoms of this health disorder. According to
the world health organization, prostate biomarkers are more efficient in order to
diagnosis and predict the prostate cancer issue in the human body system. Many clinical
practices use such kind of process in the diagnosis and finding prostate cancer. It is
analysed that prostate biomarkers use prognostic and predictive as a alter treatment
option for cancer patients (Li, et al., 2015). The major limitation of this approach is that
it is not able to differentiate and evaluate both aggressive and indolent forms of
prostate cancer. The recent survey analysed that the clinical biomarker process has the
ability to estimate the survival of cancer patients with the help of patients and tumour
characteristics. In the field of prostate cancer, the biomarker is a alter treatment
because it identifies the best solution and therapy according to the impact of cancer on
the human body. Moreover, many clinical communities use biomarkers in order to
indicate a diagnosis of prostate cancer. A recent literature review about clinical
biomarker evaluated that an effective selection of biomarker can help specialists to
identify the alter treatment option for prostate cancer patients. It also provides a path
for selecting better therapy and applying on the prostate patient that shows that
prostate biomarker is a alter treatments for the patients.

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Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that produces in the breast tissue and it is less effective
as compared to the prostate cancer. There are many signs of breast cancer, for example,
change in the shape of the breast, fluid coming from the breast nipple and scaly patch of
skin (Nilsson, et al., 2009). According to the National Health Service, the rate of breast
cancer is less as compared to prostate cancer and the majority of patients and
individuals suffering from prostate cancer. Breast biomarker is also called as the
tumour marker which is developed by the human body in response to cancer. Such kind
of process provides a platform to specialists and clinical communities to understanding
the problem of cancer so they can provide better treatment to the patients (Padhani, et
al., 2009). It is observed that breast biomarker indicate the diagnostic of breast cancer
and many specialists recommend the testing of cancerous tissues which is provided by
the breast biomarker. It is very important to identify the impact of cancer on the human
body system and breast biomarker indicates the best diagnosis by finding better
therapy according to the impact of prostate cancer on the human body. Moreover, the
clinically based biomarker is defined as the altered treatment for cancer health disorder
because it predicts the best therapy to reduce the problem of cancer in patients.
It is observed that the breast biomarker is an alter treatment and specialists can easily
detect the most effective therapies and treatment by which patients can reduce the
infections of breast cancer. Biomarkers first identify the impact of cancer on the human
body system after that identify the best therapy for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Most
of the studies analysed that the biomarker is one of the best processes to guide patients
in order to reduce the impact of cancer of their body parts (Pierce, et al., 2009). It is also
very important for differentiating the predictive, prognostic and pharmacodynamics
biomarkers because all these need various kinds of approaches for the validation.
Therefore, the biomarker is the very best process to diagnosis the problem of breast
and prostate cancer (Shen, et al., 2012). There are various kinds of breast biomarkers
used for the treatment of breast cancer such as CD20, ER, CA15-3 and so on. It is
observed that the CD20 is one of the major diagnosis that can be used for the treatment
of breast cancer and it also control and human body system from other health issues.
It is observed that the clinical biomarkers also work as an alternative treatment process
and many clinicians involve this process for finding better therapy for prostate patients.
This process is basically used in cancer treatment and provides a better solution to

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patients in order to diagnosis the health disorder (Sreekumar, et al., 2009). The
biomarkers and end points both are a very common process that used for the prediction
of cancer problem and they also contain the various kinds of therapies for the treatment
of cancer problem (Trivedi, et al., 2009). The genetic panel testing is also used by the
clinics that are predicted by the biomarkers and it will likely provide better diagnosis
and treatment response for the cancer patients.
The clinical biomarkers are also used to indicate the prognosis and it is observed that
breast cancer genes one and two can be used as prognostic biomarkers in order to
reduce the breast cancer in women. Such kind of process also helped form the
indication of current health diseases and infection occur in the human body system. The
prognostic biomarkers are defined at the baseline that may involve the treatment
process for breast and prostate cancer (Wang, et al., 2010). In the field of oncology,
biomarkers processes, for example, the number of lymph nodes for tumour cells and
tumour size are utilized in order to indicate the prognosis. The prognostic biomarkers
are often utilized as the eligibility section in the area of clinical trials in order to detect
the patient’s problems, disorders and health issues. The absence of the prognostic
biomarkers can be better for the selection of consumers for treatment but it does not
predict the response to a treatment (Zhao, et al., 2010). It is observed that individuals
with more than 3 CTC of peripheral blood were liked with fewer prognoses which
cannot help patients to reduce the problem of cancer.
It is concluded that the biomarker is one of the best processes for the prediction and
selection of better treatment for cancer patients. This essay described the fundamental
concept of clinical biomarkers and the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of health
disease and how it is used as a alter treatment. Moreover, the researcher also evaluated
both prostate and breast cancer and the role of biomarkers in the field of breast and
prostate cancer. Therefore, the clinical biomarker helps specialists to identify and
predict the best therapy for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer disease.

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References
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(2012) Circulating microRNAs: new biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment
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Cima, I., Schiess, R., Wild, P., Kaelin, M., Schüffler, P., Lange, V., Picotti, P., Ossola, R.,
Templeton, A., Schubert, O. and Fuchs, T., (2011) Cancer genetics-guided discovery of
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Kosaka, N., Iguchi, H. and Ochiya, T., (2010) Circulating microRNA in body fluid: a new
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