Cloud Computing: Opportunities and Challenges - A Comprehensive Report

This report provides a comprehensive overview of cloud computing, examining its opportunities and challenges. It begins by defining cloud computing and its role in modern data storage and computation, highlighting its on-demand accessibility and cost-effectiveness. The report delves into the characteristics of cloud computing, such as on-demand self-service, vast network access, resource pooling, swift elasticity, and measured service. It then explores the opportunities cloud computing offers to end consumers, business customers, and independent software vendors, focusing on the X-as-a-service model and utility-based payment. The report also addresses the significant challenges of cloud computing, including security concerns related to data privacy and third-party vendors, performance issues like breakdowns and technical snags, availability concerns, high costs, regulatory requirements, and bandwidth limitations. The conclusion emphasizes the simplification of data storage and security that cloud computing provides while acknowledging the technical and service-related issues that need to be resolved for enhanced stability, usability, and reliability.

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
Volume x , Issue y , Month - 2016
CLOUD COMPUTING
(Opportunities and challenges)
Abstract—The cloud computing technology is providing the
present world with the improved methods of storage and
computation. Cloud computing could be described as on-demand
accessibility of resources of computer system, precisely the data
storage as well as the computing power, without any kind of
uninterrupted active management by users.
Keywords—cloud computing, opportunities, challenges, cloud
service models
I. INTRODUCTION
Cloud computing could be described as on-demand
accessibility of resources of computer system, precisely data
storage as well as computing power, without any kind of
uninterrupted active management by users. This terms is
commonly utilised for describing the data centers accessible
for numerous users over the internet. Large clouds that are
predominant in present times, often have the functions which
are distributed over the several locations from the central
servers. This report aims to determine the cloud computing
aspects and determine the major issues as well as the
challenges of cloud computing platform.
II. DISCUSSION
A. Cloud computing
Presently, cloud computing technology is being analysed the
versatile technology that has the ability of supporting the vast-
range of various applications. Significant small cost of the
cloud computing as well as the dynamic scaling makes this
technology the major revolution catalyst for the small
companies, specifically in any developing world. The
applications of SCM, applications of CRM, medical
applications and the ERP system deployed over the cloud
technology possess the extensive potential of reaching more
than millions of users. The cloud computing technology is
particular model that is utilised for enabling the on-demand
convenient, access to the network to any mutual pool of the
configurable assets of the computing that could be swiftly
provisioned as well as released with the slightest effort of
management or the interaction of any service provider [1]. The
cloud computing technology has presently emerged as the
popular solution for providing the cheap as well as the easy
access to the externalised IT resources. The increasing number
of the organisations significantly benefits from the cloud
computing technology for hosting the application. The most
common deployment strategies of the cloud storage have been
analysed the hybrid cloud, private cloud, and public cloud, the
community cloud. The common delivery models of the cloud
computing technology are the SaaS, IaaS and the PaaS. With
extensive help of the virtualisation, the cloud computing
technology has the ability of addressing the similar physical
infrastructure that is required by any large client base with the
various computational necessities [2]. When this technology is
compared to the other technology, it could be observed that
this technology is mainly service oriented and not application
oriented and it has the ability of offering the pay-per-use
virtualisation resources as the measurable as well as the
billable utilities.
B. Characteristics of cloud computing
There are various characteristics that makes cloud computing
technology beneficial for the users, such as:
On-demand self-service: The consumers who are using the
cloud computing technology could unilaterally provision the
abilities of computing, like the server time, as well as the
network storage as required automatically deprived of needing
any kind of human interaction with the each of the provider of
cloud services [3].
Vast network access: The capabilities of the cloud computing
is made available across the network and it could easily be
accessed with the standard mechanisms that promotes the
utilisation by the heterogeneous thin or the think client
platforms.
Resource pooling: Computing assets of the providers are
extensively pooled for serving the several consumers who are
utilising the multi-tenant model along with the several
physical as well as the virtual resources that are dynamically
assigned and even resassigned as per the demands of the
customers. There is significant logic of the location
individuality in particular subscriber commonly has minimum
control or the knowledge over any specific location of offered
resources but might have the ability of specifying the location
at any higher level of the abstraction [4].
Swift elasticity: The capabilities of the cloud storage could be
swiftly as well as the elastically provisioned, in the some
situations automatically, for easily scaling out and swiftly
released for easily scaling in. For the consumers, all the main
capabilities accessible for provisioning frequently appears
unlimited as well as could be easily procured in quantity at
any particular time.
Measured service: The cloud systems has the ability of
automatically controlling as well as optimising the use of the
resources with the leveraging of capability of metering at
significant stage of the abstraction that is suitable to kind of
the services [5]. The usage of the resources could be easily
controlled, monitored as well as the reported and it allows the
extensive transparency for the both consumer as well as the
provider of used services.
C. Cloud computing opportunities
There are vast opportunities of the cloud computing sector that
is offered to the IT industry [6]. The cloud computing
technology is mainly concerned with extensive delivery of the
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International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
Volume x , Issue y , Month - 2016
abilities of IT as the service on the three basic stages, which
are the platforms, infrastructure, as well as the software. By
offering the effective interfaces on the three levels, various
kinds of customers are addressed by the cloud, which are:
End consumers: They kinds of consumers primarily utilise the
services of the SaaS layer over any web browser as well as the
fundamental offerings of the IaaS layer, for instance the
storage of significant data leading from usage of the SaaS
layer [7].
Business customers: These kinds of customers accesses all the
three layers, that are the IaaS layer for enhancing their
respective infrastructure along with the extra resources on
extensive demand, the PaaS layer for gaining the ability of
running their respective application in the cloud and finally the
SaaS layer for taking the significant advantage of the
accessible applications provided as the services.
Independent software vendors and the developers: The
sovereign software vendors who develops the applications are
considered to be provided the facilities of the SaaS layer of the
cloud. Commonly, these kind of service mainly accesses PaaS
layer and using PaaS layer indirectly, they access IaaS layer
and they are mainly present on SaaS layer with the
applications [8]. Commonly, for all the various types of the
customers of cloud, the cloud technology provides the major
opportunities that are referred as the X-as-a service donations.
When the usage is considered from the viewpoint of users, the
payment model that is based on the utility has been considered
to be the major advantages of the cloud computing
technology. There could be no additional requirement for any
kind of up-front investment in the infrastructure, as the main
investment is done in the software licenses but there is no risk
on the unexploited but the paid software. Therefore, the capital
payments has been transformed in the licenses but the
investment in the hardware infrastructure as well as the
associated maintenance by the staffs of the vendors into the
operational payments. The users of any cloud service solely,
utilizes volume of required IT resources that are actually
required by them and solely they pay for the volume of the IT
assets that are being actually used by the customers [9]. At the
similar instance, the users could take extensive advantage of
the flexibility as well as the scalability of the cloud. The cloud
computing allows the easy as well as the fast scaling of the
computing resources on needed demand on the demand.
D. Cloud computing challenges
Even though the cloud computing technology provides several
benefits to the consumers, there are various challenges and
issues of cloud computing that are needed to be considered by
the consumers and the vendors [10]. As the majority of the
economics is connected with the field, it would be better if the
issues have been resolved as soon as possible. Some of the
prominent issues of cloud computing technology are:
Security: When the users are using the cloud based facilities,
one party is completely trusting their sensitive data to any
third party vendor for the security and storage. The main
security concern that is developed in this situation is that does
the cloud based company have the proper resources and the
security protocols for securing the data of the customers. The
cloud computing technology presents the particular challenges
to the privacy as well as the security. It is recommended that
the users should back up the data, check for any kind of data
errors, and finally defend against the security breaches.
Another security concern among the cloud consumers is that
as soon as the data has been delegated to any cloud centered
services, which are the independent-parties are they sharing
the data with [11]. The tracing of cloud mainly includes the
utilisation of several services, and several cloud based services
provides the facilities to one another, and therefore the
products that are cloud based might be required to share the
information among the third party vendors in situation when
they are connected to process or transfer the information. The
cloud based vendors might share this information with any of
the advertisers. The security aspect of cloud technology is
major prominent threat to users of the cloud storage.
Performance: It has been observed that in the present times,
the cloud computing technology undergoes from extensive
performance concerns. There might be breakdowns in the peak
times, the interior flaws, as well as the arising of technical
snags. The cloud provider should guarantee that performance
of all services that is being offered should remain similar all
through. The load balancer, high end servers as well as the
data replicators are required to be installed when it is required
[12].
Availability: Although the cloud ensures that services is
provided 24X7X365, the cloud outages happens often in the
cloud storage. The outages could be scheduled or even
unscheduled.
Costs: The cost of the cloud computing technology is
significantly high because of the requirements of always on
connection and the utilisation of huge amount of the
information back in-house.
Regulatory requirements: Main issue is that What kind of
legislative, regulatory, judicial as well as the policy
surroundings are the cloud based information subjected to?
This is another issue of the cloud computing technology that is
hard in ascertaining because of the decentralised as well as the
worldwide framework of internet and the cloud computing
[16]. The information that has been stored by the cloud
services has been observed to be subjected to the legal, policy
as well as the regulatory environments of country of the
domicile of cloud services and the country in which the
establishment of the server infrastructure has been done. This
particular issue has been found to be the most complicated
issue by the consideration of the statistic that some of the data
in the transfer might be also controlled by the governing
bodies [13].
Quality of service, bandwidth and the data restrictions: The
cloud computing needs the appropriate broadband possessing
the substantial speed whilst several websites are extensively
functioning on the connections that are non-broadband or the
slow connection of broadband, the applications of cloud are
frequently not usable [14]. The speed of connection whose
range in the within the Mb/s or GB/s is required for using the
service of the cloud technology. Another vital aspect are the
quality of the services, which are the indicators that includes
the amount of time when there is a drop in the connections, the
response time and ranges of delays in processing of the
network data as well as the loss of the data [15].
III. Conclusion
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International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
Volume x , Issue y , Month - 2016
Therefore, it could be concluded that the cloud computing
technology has allowed the extensive simplification of the
data storage and data security for the users. Presently,
there are various interests as well as concerns with the
cloud computing technology. From the perspective of the
technology, there are various interesting technical issues
that are required to be solved. From the perspective of the
service or consumers, there are significant stability,
usability as well as the reliability issues that are required
to be solved. The users of the cloud computing
technology are facing the major issues that are required to
be eliminated for ensuring that extensive data security is
provided to the users. For staying connected, for
remaining meaningful, for growing in service spaces, the
cloud providers are required to improve the service and
strong cloud implementations. While considering the
other perspective, presently, the world has been poised for
exploding with the innovative devices that would be
significantly desperate for the technology that is offered
by the clouds.
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