Cloud Computing: Network Evolution, Roles, and Technologies

This report explores the significant shift towards cloud computing and its profound impact on the computer networking industry. It details how this shift has led to cost savings, enhanced security, increased flexibility, and improved collaboration. The report also examines the evolution of network professional roles in response to technical challenges posed by cloud environments, including data security, cost management, and interoperability issues. Furthermore, it discusses the role of RESTful Web Services in facilitating these changes, highlighting their scalability and ease of integration. Finally, the report analyzes the widespread adoption of software-defined networking (SDN) despite requiring network engineers to adapt their skills, emphasizing its advantages in network management and cost efficiency. The utilization of standards like JSON and REST for interoperability is also discussed, concluding with a summary of the key findings and their implications for the future of computer networking.

1: Report

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
How the shift towards cloud computing has impacted the industry?..............................................1
How the job role of network professionals has evolved to meet the technical challenges of the
cloud?...............................................................................................................................................2
How RESTful Web Services have been used to facilitate these changes?......................................3
Why software defined networking has become so heavily adapted by industry, despite meaning
an adaptation to the job role of network engineers?........................................................................4
Why standards, such as json and REST have been selected and utilised? Specifically consider
interoperability.................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
References........................................................................................................................................7

Introduction
Computer networks can be defined as the computer devices which are interconnected in
order to exchange data and sharing of the resources with each other. These are the networked
devices which uses the system of rules which is known as the communication protocols in order
to transfer the data using physical and wireless technologies. Cloud computing is defined as the
on demand availability of the resources of the computer systems which includes the data storage
and computing power without any direct active management by the user. There are large clouds
which has the distributed functions over the more than one locations and each having the
location with data centre. It basically involves in delivering the hosted services using the internet.
Such services are classified as infrastructure as a service and platform as a service and software
as a service. Cloud networking is basically the form of IT infrastructure in which the
organizations capabilities of networking are resources are hosted in a private or a public cloud
platform. It is managed by the in house and by the service provider which has the availability on
demand (Stergiou, Plageras, Psannis and Gupta, 2020). The following discussion is based on the
exploring of how the field of computer networks has moved towards a greater emphasis on
software, with a particular focus on cloud computing.
How the shift towards cloud computing has impacted the industry?
Shift towards cloud computing has impacted in a positive manner on the industry. Cost
saving is one of the impact of cloud computing on the industry. This is because management of
data in a manual manner or in a traditional manner takes up the huge cost of human resources
and other physical resources but cloud computing has the only cost of the the internet and
maintenance. Security is an another impact of cloud computing on the industry. This is because
sharing of the resources through the cloud is safe without any breaches or sharing of other
computing resources as well. Flexibility is also one of the impact of cloud computing on the
industry (Torquato and Vieira, 2020). This is because cloud computing can be used by users any
time and any where which provides the mobility services as well therefore, it is basically flexible
in nature in using it any time, there is no time boundation of using the cloud services. Mobility is
also an another impact of cloud computing on the industry. The reason being is that the users
carry their mobile phones any where they visit so that can access their computing resources from
any where whenever they needs for the personal as well as for the professional use. Increased
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collaboration is one of the impact of cloud computing on the industry. The reason being is that
the services provided by the cloud computing helps in improving the collaborating and
integrating activities of the business which enhances the communication and interaction flow
among various stakeholders of the company. Quality control is an another impact of cloud
computing on the industry (Maruping and Matook, 2020). This is because cloud services has the
feature of controlling the quality of the records saved on the cloud and the resources which are
shared by one party to another. Disaster recovery is also one of the impact of cloud computing on
the industry. The reason being is that cloud provides the services to the business to help if
business faces any data losses so that it can be recovered on time. Loss prevention is also an
another impact of cloud computing on the industry. This is because cloud not only helps in the
disaster recovery but also assist in preventing any losses by alerting or by notifying the user to be
aware of some fraudulent things. Automatic software updates is one of the impact of cloud
computing on the industry. The reason being is that cloud services also includes the automatic
updates for some security concerns so that proper protection to the software can be rendered.
Competitive edge is an another impact of cloud computing on the industry. Cloud services
provides the services which supports and aids the industries in gaining the competitive edge in
terms of better security and quick functioning of the operations (Ruffini and Slyne, 2019).
How the job role of network professionals has evolved to meet the technical
challenges of the cloud?
There are several technical challenges of the cloud. Such as data security and privacy is
one of the most vulnerable challenge faced by the industries. Moreover, issues in cost
management and more than one cloud cloud environments along with the performance
challenges and problems in interoperability. Furthermore, high dependence on network and also
the lack of knowledge and expertise knowledge are also the challenges. Other challenges
includes the password security and internet connectivity which is followed by the control or
governance along with the creating of a private cloud and hybrid cloud complexity as well
(Marinescu, 2022). There are several roles and responsibilities of the network professionals
which has evolved to meet the technical challenges of cloud. Such as these professionals are
accountable for maintaining the computer networks which mainly includes the mainframes and
virtual private networks along with the routers and other physical hardware. Moreover, their
roles are to install and configure the network equipment and other responsibilities includes the
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creation of firewalls and updating the protection using anti virus software along with the data
security systems in order to keep communications and data protected. Some of the people who
are highly involved in this are network engineer and security engineer (Hsu, Yang, Chung and
Hsu, 2020). Job role of network professionals has evolved to meet the technical challenges of the
cloud such as network professionals sustain the important data by monitoring the activities of
networking and maintaining the existing equipment. They also maintaining the system of
company phone and also the work with the phone service provider in order to keep the lines
active. They also responds to the issues of network connectivity and also resolves the issues of
any wireless connections. They also updates the maintenance of the network in a manual way
and also submits the summary of the modifications. Moreover, they collaborate with the third
party support and also the service vendors in order to make sure that the network must stay
operational (Carnevale, Celesti, Galletta and Villari, 2019). Some of the common solutions in
order to mitigate the cloud risks which are performed by the network professionals are the strong
password management and the security systems along with the adopting of the techniques of
encryption and decryption or authorization and authentication which is followed by the access
control as well. These are the common solutions which helps the industries to safeguard their
private and important data by simply hiring the network professionals with proper certifications,
knowledge and experience in this particular field.
How RESTful Web Services have been used to facilitate these changes?
There are several changes to the cloud computing services which is facilitated by the
RESTful Web services. Such as cloud future trends includes the providing up of the
opportunities of using the hybrid and multi cloud solutions along with the back up and disaster
recovery. Moreover, server less architecture and artificial intelligence platforms along with the
cloud security and internet of things platform which is followed by the edge computing and
service mesh and also the open sources services are also the future changes which will be
provides by the cloud computing. Changes are also related to the expansion of the data storage
capacities and container and kubernetes. Moreover, automated cloud orchestration and
optimization and also the growth of SASE adoption has increased the cloud management and
cost containtment challenges (Usman, Ismail, Abdul-Salaam and Dishing, 2019). RESTful web
services is defined as the REST architecture which is based on the web services. REST has the
full form of Representational State Transfer. It is a software which has the architectural style
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which is developed in order to guide the design and also the development of the architecture for
the world wide web. It basically contains the set of constraints which tells that how the internet
scale distributed hypermedia system architecture must behave while using the web. REST has
the architecture in which everything is the resource and light weighted. It is highly scalable in
nature with proper maintenance which is commonly use to formulate the API's for web based
applications (Srinivasan, Mubarakali, Alqahtani and Dinesh Kumar, 2019). There are various
situations due to which these services are to be used such as when there is the limited bandwidth
and resources. When is an ease of coding requirements along with the cache. RESTful web
services facilitates with the easy to integrate with the computing devices and resources as they
uses the hypertext transfer protocol which provides high scalability and independence along with
the uniform interface and layered systems as well. Moreover, it is flexible and portable in nature
which is simple to build and adapt. It also helps in using the resources in an efficient manner
with low use in which the process instances are formulated explicitly. Moreover, with the initial
uniform resource identifier, the client is not requiring any routing information. It also facilitates
with the generic listener interface for notifications for the client. This is how RESTful Web
Services have been used to facilitate these changes in cloud networking services (Jia, Komeily,
Wang and Srinivasan, 2019).
Why software defined networking has become so heavily adapted by industry,
despite meaning an adaptation to the job role of network engineers?
Software defined networking is defined as the technology which provides the approach to
the network management which helps in the network configuration in a dynamic and
programmatically efficient manner. The supports and improves the network performance and
monitoring which is similar to the technology of cloud computing instead of traditional network
management. There are basically three layers of software defined networking architecture.
Application is the first layer in which the applications and the services run on the network.
Control is the second layer which is known as the software defined networking controller or
brains of the network. Infrastructure is the third layer which contains the switches and routers
along with the supporting physical hardware as well. Software-defined networking has become
so heavily adapted by the industry because it provides the greater advantages to the companies in
the quick and accurate operations within the organisation (Alenezi, Atlam and Wills, 2019). This
is because this is a technology which provides greater reliability with the help of automation
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techniques involved in it. Moreover it is considered as the more efficient network management
as compared to other networking technologies which was adopted by the organisation in the
previous times. It is cost efficient because its installation and maintenance requires less cost and
good savings even for the updates as well. Furthermore it has the faster scale ability which is
automated in nature that is combined with the additional visibility in order to perform the quick
and seamless operations. Software defined networking has good content delivery having the least
capital expenditure and it also has the centralisation which supports proper management and
operations of the company (Solanki and Nayyar, 2019). This is because cost reduction is one of
the most essential benefits of software defined networking due to which every company must
adopt because it also reduces the overhead cost as well. It has differentiated physical and virtual
networking management so that any confusion can be avoided by the organisation as a time of
installation and updates of the software. Moreover it manages the virtual packet forwarding
which helps in the data transfer with the minimal effort and easy to administer the virtual
networking while having good access to the network. It has the least down time and proper
isolation and traffic control facility provided to the industry. Furthermore, it is easy to use the
software because it extends the capabilities while finding the solutions at the time of developing
any of the applications with the help of control in the behaviour of the networking traffic. One of
the most major advantages of software defined networking which has become so heavily adopted
by the industry is the central networking management tool because it delivers all the needs of
networking in one product which enables the user to control every piece of the network in the
organisation with the help of Central management tool (El-Haddadeh, 2020).
Why standards, such as json and REST have been selected and utilised?
Specifically consider interoperability.
Network interoperability is defined as the continuous capability of the network to send
and receive the information between the interconnected networks which provides the quality
level as expected by the end user while avoiding any negative impacts at the time of sending and
receiving the networks. Json is defined as the open standard file format which helps in
interchanging the data format which is used by the human readable text in order to store and
transfer the information object that consist of the attribute value pairs and arrays (Huttunen,
Jauhiainen, Lehti and Lehner, 2019). It is considered as the common data format which has
diverse uses in terms of electronic data interchange which includes web applications with
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servers. It has been selected and utilised because it is a file format which has a self describing
nature and is written in the simple text and has the compact nature which is easy to learn and
easy to read along with the easy to understand format (Bellavista, Berrocal, Corradi and Zanni,
2019). REST has been selected and utilised because it has a good flexibility and has easy coding
with cache management. Moreover, it is easy to understand and help in organising the
complicated applications which further explore and discover the easy method of coding. It uses
the hypertext transfer protocol in order to retrieve the data and request which also helps in
availing the access to the standard objects and data models (Mishra and Otaiwi, 2020).
Conclusion
It is concluded that cloud networking is an important concept to learn and study so that its
applications can be applied in the real world organisations. This is because it is the combination
of both the computer networks and the cloud computing technologies. Now a days the company
adopt such technologies in order to have the quick and accurate along with the secure operations
within the business. Therefore, it is important to analyse that how the shift towards cloud
computing has impacted the industry. It is essential to examine that how the job role of network
professionals has evolved to meet the technical challenges of the cloud. It is necessary to
determine that how RESTful Web Services have been used to facilitate these changes. It is
significant to assess that why software defined networking has become so heavily adapted by
industry. It is crucial to evaluate that why standards, such as json and REST have been selected
and utilised. Hence, the above discussion is covers all such areas in order to better understand the
conception of cloud networking.
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References
Books and Journals
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framework for organizations. Journal of Cloud Computing, 8(1), pp.1-14.
Bellavista, P., Berrocal, J., Corradi, A. and Zanni, A., 2019. A survey on fog computing for the
Internet of Things. Pervasive and mobile computing, 52, pp.71-99.
Carnevale, L., Celesti, A., Galletta, A. and Villari, M., 2019. Osmotic computing as a distributed
multi-agent system: The body area network scenario. Internet of Things, 5, pp.130-139.
El-Haddadeh, R., 2020. Digital innovation dynamics influence on organisational adoption: the
case of cloud computing services. Information Systems Frontiers, 22(4), pp.985-999.
Hsu, T.C., Yang, H., Chung, Y.C. and Hsu, C.H., 2020. A Creative IoT agriculture platform for
cloud fog computing. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 28, p.100285.
Huttunen, J., Jauhiainen, J., Lehti, L.A.U.R.A. and Lehner, O.M., 2019. Big data, cloud
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Usman, M.J., Ismail, A.S., Abdul-Salaam, G. and Dishing, S.I., 2019. Energy-efficient nature-
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pp.275-302.
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