Technology in Organisations: Cloud, Security, Networking at Amazon

This report analyzes the role of technology in organizations, focusing on cloud computing, security, and networking. It discusses the evolving role of cloud computing and its benefits for companies like Amazon, highlighting cost savings, security enhancements, innovation, and scalability. The report also explores essential security requirements such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and how frameworks like ISO 27000 can be used for data security and control. Furthermore, it examines Amazon's networking infrastructure, including AWS and direct connect, and provides calculations of mean, median, and mode for AllTech Group, showcasing the practical application of technology in business operations. This document is available for students on Desklib, a platform offering a wealth of study resources including past papers and solved assignments.

Technology in
organisation

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Technology is a science or knowledge that is put into practical use for solving the
problems or inventing useful tools. It is considered as a capability that is given by the practical
application of knowledge. This consists of software, new techniques, electronics, documents or
any combination thereof used in service delivery. Within this report, there will be three different
questions that are to be answered in which the first question is based on the case study of
Amazon which will describe role of cloud computing and benefits to company after adopting
cloud computing (Ahmad and Bakar, 2019). The second question is based on the security and
privacy in which three security requirements will be explained along with explanation of
framework related to security and control of data. Moreover, third question is based on
telecommunication and spreadsheets in which there will be discussion on key networking
infrastructure use in business operations. This question will also include calculation of mean,
median, mode and other measures of AllTech Group.
MAIN BODY
Question 1:
A) Describe the evolving role of Cloud Computing within modern day organisations from cloud
computing service models point of view.
Answer:
Cloud computing can be described as on demand access through internet for purpose of
computing different resources, servers, application, networking capabilities, development tools,
data storage that can be hosted at remote data centre and managed by cloud services provider.
These services provided by cloud service provider in order to make these services available for
subscription that can be for monthly or annually depend on usage. Cloud services provided
various benefits to modern business for various reason as it allow them to reduce cost of
company (Brzozowska, Bubel and Nekrasenko, 2022). It is one of term that is linked to
technology and allow a person to work. It consist visualise IT infrastructure form including
networking, services, networking, operating system software and these can be abstracted by
using different software. It is a general term that allow a person to deliver hosted services
through internet. It can be divided into mainly three categories like Infrastructure as a service,

software as service, platform as a service. There are various role of cloud computing in an
organisation which are mentioned below:
Store, back up as well as recover data: Cloud computing is one of technology used by
company that allow business to protect data in cost effective manner at massive scale. It allow a
person to transfer data through internet to off-site cloud storage system that can be accessible
from different locations and devices.
Cloud native applications: Cloud computing services helps to build, scale and deploy different
applications like mobile, web, API that allow to take advantages to cloud natives technologies as
well as approaches like containers, Micro services architecture, DevOps, API driven
communication (Caputo and et.al., 2019).
Stream Audio and Video: It is a technology that is used for purpose of connecting audience
anytime, any device and anywhere thorough high definition audio and video with global
distribution.
Analyse Data: It is also a technology which can be used for purpose of analyse data of different
divisions, location and teams in a cloud. It is a service that also use machine learning, artificial
intelligence that helps to uncover insights for making informed decisions.
B) Discuss the key benefits organisations like Amazon gain after adopting Cloud Computing.
Answer:
There are various benefits of cloud computing to a business as it will improve their
efficiency of work. Some of benefits in context of Amazon is mentioned below:
Saves Cost: Cloud computing is one of technology that allow business to saves their cost.
Although initial cost for implementation of cloud based services are high but it increase return
over investment of company. By using this services, Amazon can access to data of company that
allow them to saves time as well as money. It also allow business to manage their data in
effective manner that is important for purpose of improving their profit and reducing cost of
company (Chien and Hwang, 2022). It also allow company to manage data of stakeholders and
Clients of business that also allow them to improve more profit.
Security: Cloud computing is also provide solution to problem of business for facing problems
related to security. Business always has threat for security of their files, data and program that
make it difficult for a business to protect its operation. Cloud computing is one of service which

allow a person to efficiently monitor conventional system of organisation in order to protect its
data from unauthorised access of third party.
Innovation: Cloud computing technology helps business to get growth that allow business to get
growth in market and also allow them to develop solution. There are different issued faced by
business related to their performance related to web application but use of cloud as infrastructure
provide innovation to business like Amazon by improving their performance, increasing agility
of company and also lower their cost of operation (Fernandes and et.al., 2022). This cloud
computing technology helps business to ensure innovation by launching new products or making
improvement in existing product.
Scalability: It is also a benefit of cloud computing in which a person can scale up their busiess
with adoption of IT solution in business. Previous solution does not allow business to grow their
business as they does not have effective software in business in order to manage their operation
in effective manner. With adoption of cloud, an organisation like Amazon can overcome of
restriction and can expand the operation in effective manner by using technical resources.
Improved DevOps: There are different benefits a business can get due to DevOps that allow
them to increase quality and pace. It can be attained through flexible communication process that
allow Amazon to isolate their team in order to work together in complete development cycle. It
will improve ability of business to add more functionality. And also allow them to get various
opportunity in market.
Question 2
Suggest any three security requirements that any organisation must implement and explain how a
framework can be used by organisations for security and control of its data. Example
required.
Answer:
Security requirement is a statement of required security functionality that makes sure that
one of many various security properties of software is being satisfied. These are derived from the
applicable laws, industry standards and past vulnerabilities (Ganda, 2019). Security requirement
is having significance in an organisation as it reduces the risk or threat of data breaches as well
as attacks in the systems of Information Technology. The application of security controls helps
in preventing unauthorized access to sensitive information, disruption of services, denial of

service attacks and protecting IT systems and networks from getting exploited by outsiders.
There are various security requirements that must be implemented by an organisation and some
of these security requirements which must be implemented by any organisation are described as
under:
 Confidentiality: It is a security requirement that must be implemented within any
organisation and the purpose of this kind of security requirement is to keep sensitive data
or information from getting disclosed to the unauthorised recipients (Haapakorpi, 2018).
It is best described as a code of behaviour which permits specific restrictions to be exist
around sharing of the data of an organisation. It is also significant that the businesses are
clear with their human resources on their expectations of what information or data must
not be publicly shared. Data confidentiality can be viewed as sensitive, classified and
public and it is crucial to gain the understanding regarding such various types of
confidentiality for the purpose of following its rules.
 Integrity: This is another security requirement which facilitates in making sure that the
programs and the information are changed only in a particular as well as authorised
manner. This may be significant for the organisation to keep the data consistent or to
permit the data or information for being changed only in an effective and approved way.
This may also be essential to specify the degree of the data accuracy. Some of the
policies to ensure integrity reflect a concern to prevent fraud and are given in terms if
management controls (Mikulski, 2021). Data integrity provide assistance to the
organisation in storing correct, reliable as well as up-to-date data or information. If an
organisation uses wrong or biased information for framing business decisions then it can
cost the organisational time, money and efforts. All the data-driven decisions which are
successful must be on the basis of accuracy and consistency of data.
 Availability: It is a security requirement that is intended to make sure that systems within
an organisation work promptly and services are not denied to the authorised users. The
availability of effective and properly working of the computer system is very significant
for the business operations of the organisation. Maintaining data availability is considered
as a crucial aspect that helps in improving the performance and manage the continuity of
an organisation. Data availability refers to a measure regarding how often the data is

available to be used and it is desirable to have the data available all the time as it will
help in running business uninterruptedly.
The frameworks for the security and control of data are comprehensive catalogue of
controls which is designed for the purpose of enabling the organisations to design, develop as
well as maintaining the processes, systems and applications of security. It is a series of
documented processes which define processes and policies around implementing and ongoing
information security controls management (Mocarelli and Ongaro, 2019). These frameworks are
the blueprints that help in the management of the risks and minimisation of the vulnerabilities.
ISO 27000 Series is a kind of information security framework which is applicable both in the
private as well as public sectors. This kind of security framework is designed to facilitate the
organisations in the process of managing the risks that are associated with cyber attacks and
threats that are concerned with the data security. As an organisation grows, it becomes more
complicated for it to secure and prevent its data from unauthorised users and hence, there are
technological solutions that are open to more vulnerabilities which are not immediately obvious.
The ISO 27000 information security framework is a series of mutually assisting security of the
data or information which can be combined to offer a globally recognised framework for the
effective and best practice of the management of the information security. The goal of such
framework for security and control of data of an organisation is to anticipate as well as mitigate
the vulnerabilities within the systems and processes of data.
Question 3
A) Choose an organisation. Discuss some of the key networking infrastructure your choice of
organisation might use for everyday business operations.
Within this section, Amazon is an American organisation that is taken into consideration
for demonstrating key networking infrastructure used by it for conducting daily business
operations. Networking structure includes systems, hardware and software, devices that enables
the process of computing as well as communication among the services, users, processes and
applications (Romanelli and Ferrara, 2022). Anything which gets engaged in the network from
servers to wireless routers comes altogether to create a network infrastructure of system. The
networking infrastructure that is used by Amazon is AWS that stands for Amazon Web Services
which is an evolving and comprehensive cloud computing platform that is offered by Amazon

and this network infrastructure includes a mix of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a
service (PaaS) along with packaged software as a service (SaaS) providings. AWS uses direct
connect network that offers a private connection between the on-premise data of a customer and
AWS cloud by not making use of the public data. Such Amazon networking service makes use
of an Ethernet cable in order to connect internal workloads of company to one of AWS' direct
connection locations. AWS as a cloud computing empire helps Amazon in conducting its daily
business operations and also has proven the capability for achieving the specific needs and
requirements of the business for operations, scale, compliance and security (Singh and et.al.,
2019). With the help of this networking infrastructure, the respective organisation easily operates
its daily business functions such as advertising and marketing, providing financial services,
gaming and many more.
Another key networking infrastructure that might be used by Amazon can include
Networking Hardware such as Switchers, Routers, Wireless Routers, Cables, LAN Cards,
Network Software such as Network operations and management, operating systems, Firewall,
Network Security Applications and Network services that include T-1 Line, DSL, Satellite, IP
addressing, Wireless protocols, etc. These networking infrastructure ensures the effective as well
as best practice standards and compliance with the regulatory requirements. All these will
provide assistance to Amazon in enhancing the networking privacy within the company and
provides customers and users reassurance regarding they can use their devices in freely manner.
Network Security Applications is that networking infrastructure which provide assistance to an
organisation in minimising the threats that are concerned with the loss of data, stolen of data and
information sabotage (Szczechla, 2018). This network infrastructure may help Amazon in
enabling the people or even computers in order to communicate within a network. This may
facilitate the company in keeping its sensitive data safe from the cyber attacks as well as makes
sure that the network is usable and can be trusted.
B) Calculation of different measures from the Sales department of AllTech Group
i) Calculation of total of all countries' “Quarter Totals”, and Mean, Median, Max and Min
value of this total as per spreadsheet.
166000+130000+89000+38000+215000+84000+113000= 835000
Mean= sum of all observations / no. of observations = 835000 / 7 = 119285.714
Median= 113000 which means Germany is considered as median.

Mode = 215000 which means UAE is considered as Mode as it has largest modal value.
Min value= 38000 whose country is Nigeria.
ii) The number of countries during Q2 with a forecast of more than £27000 = 4 countries
iii) The number of countries during Q4 with a forecast of less than £15000 = 1 country
CONCLUSION
From above explanation of the report, it has been concluded that technology in
organisation is the sum total of human-made contrivances or developed processes that refine,
change or generate goods as well as services that are delivered by the organisation. Within this
report, there has been a description regarding role of cloud computing within modern day
organisation from cloud computing service models point of view. Along with this, the report has
also been included the key benefits that company gain after adopting Cloud Computing. There
has been a suggestion regarding the security requirements that any organisation must implement
and this report has also included the process of working of a framework in organisation's security
and controlling data. Furthermore, some of the key networking infrastructure has also been
discussed within this report that helps the company in operating its daily routine business
operations.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ahmad, N. A. and Bakar, N. A. A., 2019. Moderating effect of organisation size in measuring
the technology organisation environment and pressure (TOEP) in enterprise architecture
adoption.
Brzozowska, A., Bubel, D. and Nekrasenko, L., 2022. Organisation Management in the Digital
Economy: Globalization Challenges. CRC Press.
Caputo and et.al., 2019. A knowledge-based view of people and technology: directions for a
value co-creation-based learning organisation. Journal of Knowledge Management.
Chien, S. Y. and Hwang, G. J., 2022. A question, observation, and organisation‐based SVVR
approach to enhancing students' presentation performance, classroom engagement, and
technology acceptance in a cultural course. British Journal of Educational Technology.
53(2). pp.229-247.
Fernandes and et.al., 2022. Contextualising the role of external partnerships to innovate the core
and enabling processes of an organisation: A resource and knowledge-based
view. Journal of Business Research. 144. pp.146-162.
Ganda, F., 2019. The impact of innovation and technology investments on carbon emissions in
selected organisation for economic Co-operation and development countries. Journal of
cleaner production. 217. pp.469-483.
Haapakorpi, A., 2018. How multi/interdisciplinarity is actualised in work organisation with
professional employees specialised in single disciplines: two case studies of the high-
technology industry. Journal of Education and Work. 31(5-6). pp.533-544.
Mikulski, M. J., 2021. Technology and organisation project for modular houses
construction (Doctoral dissertation, Instytut Inżynierii Budowlanej).
Mocarelli, L. and Ongaro, G., 2019. Technology, Markets, Specialisations, and Organisation of
Production. In Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800 (pp. 41-65). Palgrave
Macmillan, Cham.
Romanelli, M. and Ferrara, M., 2022. Museums Driving Innovation by Technology, People and
Organisation. In Do Machines Dream of Electric Workers? (pp. 119-135). Springer,
Cham.
Singh and et.al., 2019. Applications of information and communication technology for
sustainable growth of SMEs in India food industry. Resources, Conservation and
Recycling. 147. pp.10-18.
Szczechla, P. K., 2018. Project of technology and organisation of the construction of a multi-
family residential building (Doctoral dissertation, Instytut Inżynierii Budowlanej).
Zahedi, M., Akhavan, P. and Naghdi Khanachah, S., 2022. Evaluation of knowledge sharing and
its role in organisational innovation using structural equation modelling: a case study of
Civil Aviation Organisation. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. pp.1-15.
(Zahedi, Akhavan and Naghdi Khanachah, 2022)

APPENDIX