COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching - Written Assessment 2

This document presents a comprehensive solution to a network routing and switching assignment (COIT20261), focusing on key concepts such as routing tables, classless routing, and autonomous systems. The solution includes the creation of routing tables for routers R2 and R3, explaining classless routing and the longest mask matching process. It further explores the differences between inter-domain and intra-domain routing, and the role of BGP and OSPF protocols, along with their similarities and differences. The assignment also delves into the application of the BGP protocol within autonomous systems, along with the importance of different routing protocols for different organizational needs, referencing key networking concepts and academic sources.

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
ANSWER TEMPLATE ASSIGNMENT TWO
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Questions Mark
allocated
Mark
earned
Question 1: (10 marks) 5 each
table
Answer: Routing table of router R2:
Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 200.11.60.0 ------- M1
/24 220.10.40.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 ------- M2
/18 161.22.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 150.32.0.1 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.1 Mo
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
Routing table of router R3:
Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.10.40.0 -------- M1
/24 200.11.60.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
/18 161.22.0.0 -------- M2
5 max
5 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
Question 2: (5 marks)
a) It is explained by Carthern & Wilson that in classless routing table
unlike the class-full addressing the routing table has 3 fields, classless
has 4 fields. The fields are network address, next hop address, interface
and the additional filed named mask. It the field which aids the router to
perform the routing process. The routing table learnt routes are arranged
in a routing table on the basis of the longest mask. When a packet
arrives at the router, the longest mask is applied to the IP address to seek
whether the result will match the corresponding address. If does not
match, the process of applying the mask on the IP address continues
until there is a match of the result and the corresponding IP. Just in case
a match is not found, then the IP address will be forwarded to the default
route (Carthern & Wilson, 2016).
1 max
b) Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.11.60.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/24 220.10.40.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 ------- M1
/18 161.22.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
The routing process takes the steps below as explained by Ciccarelli,
et al.:
i. We apply the first mask (/24) on the arriving IP address, the
result will be 150.32.0.0.the result does not match the
corresponding network address.
ii. We apply the second mask (/22) on the arriving IP address,
the result will be 150.32.0.0 the result does not match the
corresponding network address
iii. We apply the third masks (/18) on the arriving IP address,
the result will be 150.32.0.0. This result matches the
corresponding IP address. The next-hop address and the exit
2 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
interface are forwarded to the ARP (Ciccarelli, et al., 2012).
c) Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.10.40.0 -------- M1
/24 200.11.60.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
/18 161.22.0.0 -------- M2
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
the routing process follows the steps below:
i. We apply the first mask (/24) on the arriving IP address, the
result will be 150.32.48.0. This result does not match the
corresponding network address.
ii. We apply the second mask (/22) on the arriving IP address, the
result will be 150.32.48.0. The result does not match the
corresponding IP address.
iii. We apply the third mask on the arriving IP address, the result
will be 150.32.0.0. This result matches the corresponding
network address, the next-hop address and interface will be
forwarded to the ARP.
2 max
Question 3: (10 marks)
a) Empson says that an autonomous system denotes to a collection of
networks being controlled/managed/ monitored by one administration.
An example of an autonomous system in networking is the ISP. Internet
Service Providers manage very many networks for the clients, hence, an
autonomous system. BGP protocol is used in forwarding of packets in an
autonomous system. That is to say, the BGP implements autonomous
system (Empson, 2013 ).
1 max
b) Forouzan & Fegan discusses that an inter-domain routing system
iswhereby two or more networks whose routing protocols are not the
same are able to communicate with one another. For instance, network
O has a routing protocol of say RIP whereas network P has a routing
protocol of OSPF, when network O and P are able to communicate to
one another we can term this as an inter-domain routing. BGP protocol
facilitates routing between the two networks (Forouzan & Fegan, 2015).
2 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
c) An intra-domain routing is when networks or more which are using the
same kind of a routing protocol are able to communicate. Say, network
A whose routing protocol is OSPF and network B whose routing
protocol is OSPF, when the two networks (A and B) are able to
communicate to one another, we call this as intra-domain routing.
Protocols that are involved in this kind of routing are EIGRP, RIP and
OSPF.
2 max
d) Lammle compares that whereas OSPF as an intra-domain routing
protocol, is an internal gateway protocol, uses Dijktra algorithm in
routing process, and is a link state routing, BGP is and inter-domain
routing protocol, is an external gateway protocol, uses best path
protocol, and is a path vector routing protocol (Lammle, 2013).
BGP and OSPF have a similarity that they are dynamic routing protocols
and both support VLSM.
3 max
e) Mansfield & Antonakos analyses that there exists very many networks
in the networking world, within these networks, different organizations
quest for different routing protocols that suite their needs. This is the
reason we are experiencing many inter-domain and intra-domain routing
protocols (Mansfield & Antonakos, 2010).
2 max
Total marks awarded 25 (max)
Less late penalties
Less plagiarism penalties
Total marks earned
Markers comments:

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
References
Carthern, C. & Wilson, W., 2016. OSI layers. In: Cisco Networks: Engineers' Handbook of Routing,
Switching, and Security. New York City: Apress, pp. 35-46.
Ciccarelli, P., Faulknern, . & FitzGerald, ., 2012. Introduction to Networking Basics. 2nd ed. Hoboken:
John Wiley & Sons.
Empson, S., 2013 . CCNA Routing and Switching Portable Command Guide. Indianapolis: Cisco Press.
Forouzan, B. & Fegan, S. C., 2015. Data Communications and Networking. 4th ed. s.l.:Huga Media.
Lammle, T., 2013. CCNA Routing and Switching Review Guide: Exams 100-101, 200-101, and 200-
120. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Mansfield, K. C. & Antonakos, ., 2010. Computer Networking for LANS to WANS: Hardware, Software
and Security. Boston: Cengage Learning.