NURBN2009 Health Promotion Plan: Community Asthma Program Evaluation

This essay examines a health promotion plan focused on asthma management, specifically the Community Asthma Program. The introduction establishes the importance of health promotion, referencing the Ottawa Charter as a guiding framework. The discussion delves into the rising prevalence of ...Read More

Running head: Health promotion plan
Health promotion plan
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Health promotion plan
Introduction
In 1986, the Ottawa Charter for Promoting Health was developed as a guideline to lead
the basis of the creation of health promotion programs. It facilitates the creation, preparation and
execution of a balanced and proactive management system for public safety. A health promotion
program may be successful with improved functionality and positive execution by implementing
the core approaches of the Ottawa Charter and the six actions defined therein. Health literacy and
health awareness are the basic approaches for the effective development and implementation of a
system of health promotion (Betterhealth.vic.gov.au, 2019). The goal of the essay is to explain
the strategies for the Asthma Control health promotion program and to research the six fields of
action areas as offered by the Ottawa Charter in the programme. The essay will also explain a
nurse's role in the promotional programme.
Discussion
Asthma is a rising respiratory disease marked by persistent inflammation of the airways.
This induces wheezing episodes, shortness of breath, nausea and tightness of the throat due to
severe narrowing of the airways. The frequency of symptoms ranges from person to person.
Asthma was Australia's major cause of asthma disease prevalence in 2011, but children remain
comparatively small in asthma deaths. In 2017–18, an additional 10% (approximately 460 000)
of children in Australia who are aged 0–14 reported experiencing asthma as a long-term disease.
The incidence of asthma in children with disabilities was twice as high (18 per cent) relative to
children with no recorded illness (8.9 per cent). Throughout 2007–2008 and 2017–18, the
incidence of childhood asthma was consistent (throughout 9.3% and 11%) (aihw.gov.au, 2019).
Asthma is a major health issue for the population and the most frequent professional justification

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Health promotion plan
for admitting children into the hospital. Yet most kids with asthma will be active in regular
children's events and involve in them, if their asthma is well-managed or controlled
(aihw.gov.au, 2019).
Community Asthma Program for children aged 0-18 years
The Community Asthma Program has been established for citizens residing in the northern or
western areas of Melbourne, including the suburbs of Wyndham. Those children who need
further guidance and assistance from a professional asthma specialist are registered for this
scheme. Asthma care and assistance for children (under 18) is offered by the Community
Asthma Program (CAP) for children with asthma or Ventolin induced wheeze (cohealth.org.au,
2019). A nurse educator meets with families to support children and to offer information and
help children by
 Recognizing asthma, its symptoms and severity
 Recognising its causes and know how to manage them
 Using puffers and spacers
 Understanding their Medications
 Creating a formal asthma action plan
 Practicing first aid in asthma (cohealth.org.au, 2019).
People from all walks of life are active both as people and as leaders of families and
societies. Social and professional associations, as well as health workers, have a significant
obligation to mediate between diverse social priorities in the field of health. Health promotion
policies and initiatives will be adapted to the particular interests and resources of specific
countries and regions to take into consideration various social, cultural and economic
environments (Nutbeam, 2019).

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Health promotion plan
Health promotion focus areas of action defined in the Ottawa Charter are a follows:
Build healthy public policy: Health promotion strategy incorporates various yet related
strategies, including regulation, economic initiatives, taxation and organizational reform. Health
promotion strategy includes the recognition of hurdles to the implementation of effective public
policies in the non-health field and the creation of ways to eradicate them (who.int, 2019).
Create supportive environments: The preservation of natural and constructed habitats and the
management of natural capital must be included in every policy to improve wellbeing (who.int,
2019).
Strengthen community actions: Community planning builds on current human and financial
tools to promote self-help and social care and to establish versatile mechanisms to increase civic
engagement in and course of health problems. It needs complete and consistent exposure to
patient education and learning resources, as well as funding assistance (who.int, 2019).
Develop personal skills: This is important to allow individuals to know (throughout their lives)
to brace themselves for all of their phases and to deal with chronic diseases and injuries. This
needs to be supported in school, family, job and community environments (who.int, 2019).
Reorient health services: The position of the health sector will progressively shift in the
direction of health promotion outside its duty to include therapeutic and curative services. The
reorientation of health care often calls for increased commitment to clinical studies, as well as
reforms in technical education and training (who.int, 2019).
Moving into the future: Caring, holism and ecology are crucial concerns in the implementation
of health promotion approaches. The guiding concept would be that women and men should

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become equitable partners at each level of preparing, executing and reviewing health promotion
activities (who.int, 2019).
However, the promotion plan here, ‘Community Asthma Program’ does not address all
the point and the action areas as offered by Ottawa Charter. It may be seen that the programme
will not cover significantly all main fields of practice, so there is enough space for change such
that the relevant issues can be adequately tackled and implemented when improving the system.
Thus, there is a need to improve the health promotion pan in order to get an improved outcome.
Health literacy, health education, and health promotion
In the pediatric population, Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. The
asthma community requires consistent asthma treatment from diagnosis to follow up. Health
literacy is characterized by an enhanced understanding of the key issues present in the treatment
of asthma. Health literacy is described by a clear understanding of the key issues present in the
clinical treatment of asthma (Vamos, Yeung & FitzGerald, 2015). Health literacy also requires
the multiple competences required for health care to work, including specific reading skills and
digitalization. Health literacy is defined as the degree to which individuals are able to access,
process and appreciate essential health information and resources in order to make the correct
health-related choices. Therefore, inadequate awareness and usage of health information by
patients are potential explanations for the inconsistency in asthma treatment. Improved research
demonstrates the importance of health literacy in safety and regulation of asthma services for
adults and child families or parents and indicates that health literacy is a significant predictor of
the results of health awareness and self-management programs (Tzeng et al., 2018)
Health promotion is a mechanism that encourages individuals to obtain responsibility of
their lives, whereas health awareness is material that affects people's habits, perceptions and

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understanding. Health promotion and wellness education may be terms spoken that can be
modified and often creating misunderstanding. Health promotion is a program that encourages
wellbeing and is connected through principles, such as the Ottawa Charter, encouragement and
awareness-raising. There are a range of guidelines for health promotion under the Ottawa
Charter, such as establishing effective public policies, fostering supportive environments,
improving leadership skills, enhancing community action and reorienting health care. Patient
education is a vital factor of the treatment of asthma. Throughout the case with childhood
asthma, parents will have clear understanding with their child's diagnosis and treatment methods.
Educating them about the detection of asthma symptoms helps to retain management of asthma
with or without medicine as a long-term approach to prevent further exacerbation that
contributes to more complications (Guarnaccia et al., 2016).
Nurse’s role in regards to this program
Asthma impacts 235 million individuals around the globe. 1 in 12 individuals in
developing countries suffer from asthma. Nurses are at the frontline of the battle against impact
of asthma on patients. As this the ‘Community Asthma Program’ delivers health education
regarding the management of asthma in children, nurse’s play an important role here. Nurses are
responsible for providing education and increase community’s awareness regarding the same.
The role of all nurses in this respect is to encourage safety and awareness in the inhaler
procedure and causes (Qiu, Huang & Li, 2017). Evidence shows that expanded community
involvement can strengthen the advocacy position of primary care teams in the defence of certain
local and regional social environmental concerns that impact wellbeing, are understood and
addressed. Education plays a role of all patients' wellbeing not only the one with asthma (Murray
& O'Neil, 2016). The nurse's role in the management of asthma is to assist children and

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their family while ensuring the minimal standard of care. Increased condition monitoring and
asthma attack avoidance include recognizing and ensuring the medications are properly
monitored by minimizing causes, health awareness, and proactive treatment strategies. When
services are available, a home visit from a trained nurse may also be invaluable. This will also
help determine which people have serious therapy-resistant asthma that can improve if
remediable symptoms are detected and avoided (Murray & O'Neil, 2016).
Conclusion
Childhood asthma is a chronic condition that can be resistant to medication and can differ
in clinical presentation. Nurses can play a crucial role in mediating and offering improved
support for the complications and obstacles encountered by children suffering from asthma.
After reviewing the Community Asthma Management System, it can be inferred that the service
framework is not enough to be a robust pediatric asthma management scheme. Also this wellness
plan does not address all the action areas of the Ottawa Charter. Efficient treatment programs
must also be enforced in order for asthma control to gain greater effectiveness. The position of
health awareness, promotion, and education emphasizes the importance of incorporating such
main approaches when designing and implementing any health plan.

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References
aihw.gov.au. (2019). Australia's children, Asthma prevalence among children - Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved 17
April 2020, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/children-youth/australias-children/
contents/health/asthma-prevalence-among-children.
Betterhealth.vic.gov.au. (2019). Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Betterhealth.vic.gov.au.
Retrieved 17 April 2020, from
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/ServicesAndSupport/ottawa-charter-for-
health-promotion?viewAsPdf=true.
cohealth.org.au. (2019). Community asthma program (CAP) - cohealth - Community Health
Service. cohealth - Community Health Service. Retrieved 17 April 2020, from
https://www.cohealth.org.au/health-services/child-and-family-health/community-asthma-
program-cap/.
Guarnaccia, S., Holliday, C. N., D'Agata, E., Pluda, A., Pecorelli, G., Gretter, V., ... & Ricci, E.
(2016, July). Clinical and health promotion asthma management: an intervention for
children and adolescents. In Allergy & Asthma Proceedings (Vol. 37, No. 4).
Murray, B., & O'Neil, M. (2016). Nurses role in delivering the message: the value of health
promotion and patient education in the self-care management of adults with asthma. J
Nurs Care, 5(351), 2167-8.
Nutbeam, D. (2019). Health education and health promotion revisited. Health Education
Journal, 78(6), 705-709.

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Qiu, B., Huang, L., & Li, Y. (2017). HEALTH EDUCATION FOR ASTHMATIC PATIENTS
AND CAREGIVERS FROM NURSING PERSPECTIVE.
Tzeng, Y. F., Chiang, B. L., Chen, Y. H., & Gau, B. S. (2018). Health literacy in children with
asthma: A systematic review. Pediatrics & Neonatology, 59(5), 429-438.
Vamos, S., Yeung, P., & FitzGerald, J. M. (2015). Health literacy and asthma in children and
adolescents: A narrative review. Health Behavior and Policy Review, 2(4), 317-332.
who.int. (2019). The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. World Health Organization.
Retrieved 17 April 2020, from
https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/index1.html.