Community Health Promotion: Concept Map on Childhood Obesity

This assignment presents a concept map focusing on community health promotion related to childhood obesity. It explores the issue through four key concepts: diagnostics, risk factors, symptoms, and assessment/intervention. The report details how each concept manifests in the context of childhood obesity, applying and analyzing relevant information while highlighting the crucial role of nurses and evidence-based nursing practices. It covers diagnostic methods like BMI, risk factors including lifestyle and genetics, and the symptoms associated with childhood obesity, such as stretch marks and psychological issues. The role of nursing is emphasized in identifying issues, planning diet plans, and providing interventions. The conclusion underscores the importance of collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals and community stakeholders to combat the rising prevalence of childhood obesity, promoting awareness and implementing effective strategies for prevention and management.

Running Head: CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

1CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
Mind Map
Figure 1: Concept Map
Source: (Created by Author)
Childhood Obesity
Diagnosis Risk Factors
Symptoms Nursing Intervention

2CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
Introduction:
Obesity amongst children is one of the most severe and emerging arising health concerns
amongst the public in today’s world (Güngör, 2014). There has been a gradual hike in childhood
obesity cases over the past 30 years. Obesity is a causative disorder and was also defined as a
phenotype of many diseases and the current medical literature relating to pediatric age group
obese and overweight outlines the specific clinically relevant factors. Childhood and adolescence
are marked by substantial growth and development in physics. Weight gain is predicted and
necessary, as the baby grows older and taller. Nevertheless, children and adolescents who are
overweight or obese face social, emotional and physical difficulties, and if excess weight is
sustained in adulthood, there is a higher risk of obese-related health problems. Overweight or
obese include one-third of Canadian babies and this issue carries with it considerable concern
about negative impacts on present and future health. It is crucial to promote healthy growth and
development. The study summarized research on the efficacy of behavioral interventions to
protect children and adolescents from overweight and obesity. This state of affairs calls for
preventive efforts to promote wholesome weight in childhood and adolescence,
and additionally as a capacity to build a strong foundation for keeping healthful weight in
adulthood.
Community Health Concepts:
Concept 1 (Diagnostics):
Many factors can cause obesity in children, including medical or genetic factors.
Nevertheless, children are overweight in most situations, as they eat foods that are not healthy
and further lead to a lifestyle that causes harm to human health. Thereby, when a child gains
weight and tends to be obese due to a medical condition, meeting with the pediatrician is

3CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
conducted and checked for results. If a child is overweight, the physician will use the Body Mass
Index (BMI) for percentile ranking. BMI is a height-related measure of weight, and it indicates
how much fat a body consists of. BMI is a height-related measure of weight that measures how
much body fat the child has. If the BMI of the child falls to or above the 95th percentile, then it
is considered obese. According to Frühbeck, Kiortsis and Catalán (2018), a child's physician may
do a complete screening for the following diseases as such diabetes, abnormal blood lipids that
lead to high cholesterol, high triglycerides and lower levels of good HDL cholesterol, fatty liver,
high blood pressure and menstrual problems amongst the girls and along with the conduction of
physical exam.
Moreover, the child, if considered overweight, is further checked for BMI. If the results
project that, the BMI results range in between the 85 to 95 percentage, gradual screening is
performed on the child by following the protocol checking the family history of the child for any
cardiovascular diseases or elevated levels of cholesterol, increase in the gradual per year BMI
assessments. Herman (2017) opined that management of nursing care for obesity patients
involves recognizing inappropriate behaviours causing obesity, planning a diet plan, assessing
nutritional knowledge and providing information. Implementing nursing care plans such as
Imbalanced Nutrition, which can regulate the eating pattern of the patient using the knowledge of
energy, nutrient requirements for individual height, eating, age, body build, individual patterns
and gender, Kimonis et al. (2019) determine which diets and techniques were used, outcomes,
concerns of individuals and factors that interfere with success. Although there is no reason for
promoting one diet over another, a proper diet reduction should include foods from all primary
food groups with a focus on low fat intake and sufficient protein intake to avoid lean muscle

4CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
mass loss. It is very important in order to keep the plan the same as to the usual eating flowchart
as possible for the patient.
Concept 2 (Risk Factors):
There are many explanations, including medical or genetic factors, why a child may be
obese. Kids, however, are overweight in most cases because they lead a sedentary lifestyle and
eat unhealthy foods. A child is obese due to a medical condition, needs to meet pediatricians and
check for results. The reasons why children are becoming more and more obese include:
 lifestyle factors: eating larger portions, eating foods high in calories but low in nutrients
(junk foods), spending a lot of time in front of the television or computer and spending
too little time performing physical activities
 Genetic factors: There are underlying factors that affect the emergence of obesity among
children. In case, one of the parents is obese or overweight, the child is expected to have
the disorder and thus, genetic factors need to be evaluated in order to understand the risk
aspect (Larsen et al. 2018)
 Environmental factors: eating high-calorie junk foods, little to no physical activity, the
shortage of playgrounds and parks where children could play in some communities are
some of the environmental factors that cause obesity.
 Medical conditions: Genetic syndromes such as Prader-Willi and hormonal conditions
such as hypothyroidism are among the medical conditions, which can lead to obesity
(Partap et al. 2017).

5CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
Concept 3 (Symptoms):
According to Gross et al. (2017), maximum of the child who are obese have various other
symptoms, but some of the most common areas include the visibility of the child that included
stretch marks on the hips and abdomen and smooth, velvety skin (known as acanthosis nigricans)
around the neck and elsewhere. Belcher et al. (2017) opined that the deposition of fatty tissues in
the breast area (particularly troublesome for boys) and also aids in psychological issues that
include bullying and abuse, ultimately leading to the child’s poor self-esteem and eating
disorders. The "bodyweight set-point hypothesis" suggests that weight is determined by dynamic
genetic, hormonal and metabolic interactions. The symptoms range from time to time and there
is a requirement of early identification by the family or physician using a holistic approach in
order to determine the cause. This will help in addressing the issue in a positive manner else may
lead to severe implications in adulthood. Additionally, the elimination of the required
components can lead to metabolic imbalances, such as excessive carbohydrate reduction, which
can become the causative reason for headache, instability, fatigue, and weakness, and metabolic
acidosis (ketosis), interfering with weight loss program effectiveness.
Concept 4 (Assessment and intervention):
McPherson et al. (2017) opined that management of nursing care for obesity patients
involves recognising inappropriate behaviours causing obesity, planning a diet plan, assessing
nutritional knowledge and providing information. The nurses help in identifying and influencing
various choices and ways of interventions for treating obesity in children. Thomas and Courtney
(2019), the nurses provide the child and family members with the opportunity to focus on a
realistic picture of the amount of food eaten and the subsequent eating habits and feelings along

6CONCEPT MAP: COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION
with the identification of various practices that need modification, or a basis for tailoring the
dietary programme.
Role of Nursing in mitigating the issue
The role of nurses is important in the implementation of interventional strategies. The
nurses are the primary stakeholder that will identify the issue or the emerging symptoms among
child while they visit the clinic for a check-up. This will help in understanding or adopting
strategies that may limit the condition in some cases. While those that have acquired the disorder
need care approach and treatment from a healthcare practitioner. The integrated approach of
healthcare staffs can be useful in limiting the rising population of obese children and offering a
better quality of life. The awareness about childhood obesity needs to be enhanced with various
government and non-governmental organisations that ill specifically focuses on educating the
population about the negative aspect of this disorder and its future implications on the child
(Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care, 2015). Moreover, the nurses need to
participate in such programs by measuring the BMI of the child and stating the strategies that can
be adopted by the family to limit the effect or reduce weight. Moreover, awareness about the use
of sugar-free products and healthy diet need to be promoted by the nurses to the family members
at the early growing age that will adequately allow them to control the eating habits of children.
Moreover, the signs and symptoms of each child need to be evaluated before planning
interventional strategies because each child is different and responds differently according to
various factors (Hillier-Brown et al., 2014). Therefore, a collaborative study of past and present
need to be done by the nurse in order to effectively allow in improving the quality of life.

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Conclusion:
The health-care community offers a range of possibilities for interactions
with children and adolescence involving obesity prevention. Several managed trials of
counselling by using health-care staffs have resulted in patient enhancements or physical
endeavors tiers or diet, although these researches have typically been conducted with small
numbers of sufferers and have targeted on counselling of adult patients.
Further research on high-quality counselling or other sorts of weight problems prevention
interventions that should be applied in health-care settings. Improved expert education
regarding weight problems prevention is a vital next step, as is the lively involvement of
professional fitness organizations, insurers, and accrediting organizations, in making
childhood weight problems prevention efforts a priority.

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References
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