Community Health: A Report on Assets, Inequalities, and Approaches

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of community health, focusing on the London Borough of Hackney as a case study. It commences by defining 'community' and outlining Hackney's demographic and geographic characteristics, including population size, age distribution, and ethnic composition. The report then explores community-based assets, such as social, financial, environmental, and physical assets, and their significance in fostering health improvement. Simultaneously, it identifies and analyzes health inequalities prevalent within Hackney. The core of the report examines community-centred approaches to health improvement, emphasizing their effectiveness in mobilizing community assets, promoting equity, and increasing individual control over health. It highlights the strengths and limitations of traditional public health approaches and evidence-based practices. The report concludes by advocating for the implementation of community-centred strategies to address health disparities and enhance overall community well-being. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of community health, health inequalities, and the benefits of community centred approaches, drawing on evidence-based practices and strategies for improved health and wellbeing.

Communities and health

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
Social assets in a community..................................................................................................4
Financial assets.......................................................................................................................5
Environmental assets..............................................................................................................5
Physical assets and human resources.....................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
CONCLSUION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Community health refers to the achieving good health to the community that can allow to
live effectively. These may include support in some area like mental health, disability,
multicultural groups, youth and family services and aged care. In this report, there is discussion
about the specific community, there is also discussion about the health improvement and health
inequalities. It also includes evidence based benefits in the community centred approach for
health improvement. It also includes the skills, knowledge, attitudes along with values for
practitioners within community to develop community based assets which can address health
inequalities using community centred approaches (Atkins and et. al., 2020).
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
Community refers to the particular area in which many people live and considered as a unit
which can have interests including social group, nationality and others. It can also have referred
as the unified body of individual where people live with common interests within the particular
area bodily (Chen and et. al., 2020). This area may also face different problem like large
community. Within community people like to share something in common. This include bunch
of people who are alike in some way and may feel some sense of belongingness or any type of
interpersonal connection with each other. It is also a social unit which includes place, religion,
norms, values or identity. This may include different group of people who live together and share
with each other in common (Dong and et. al., 2020).
There are various small community within UK where London borough of Hackney is one of
the community that have various aspect and have better ability which can include better
understand within community and they also face different problems like any other large
community. Here, borough refers to the incorporated town which have some special privileges
which are generally entitled to elected member of parliament. London borough of Hackney is a
London borough in inner London. This is in Mare Street which is 5 miles north-east of Charing
cross. This borough is named after the name of Hackney. There are about 40% of population
who come from the Black along with Minority Ethnic groups and have largest group being Black
British or Black. There are about 36% of population are white British and about 16% of people
are other White (Lee and et. al., 2022).

Here, London borough of Hackney cover about 19.06 square kilometres area and is about 30
metres above the sea levels at Clapton Common and Stamford Hill. There are about 281120
inhabitants are living in the Hackney which are being in east London with northwest belonging
to north London. Hackney is relatively young borough which have about 25 % of population that
have under 20 and about 23% of aged between 20-29 years old. Hackney were created during the
London Government Act passes which was in year 1899. There are various group which include
White British, White Irish and others. It is semi unban with different facilitates and having large
number of building within Hackney. It is bounded by the Islington to west, Waltham Forest to
north-easy, Haringey to north, and Newham to east. There is projection of living people in 2028
which are about 300,000 people in place-based community (Wilson and et. al., 2022).
TASK 2
Social assets in a community
The notion of a social asset in London borough of Hackney is viewed as an attribute that
holds value because of the governing society that commands over. Social assets bring about a
sense of mutual trust among a group of individuals or a community. This can include
organizations, institutions and other networks including norms of reciprocity (Benefits of
economic growth, 2019). The nature of relationship of individuals in a community and
relationship between two or more communities. It is a concept that links institutions,
communities and individuals. A social relationship between communities helps people share
their viewpoints, histories and promote healthy interaction between people of different
backgrounds. Social events are ways through this interaction takes place and people connect to
one another. These social assets are essential for establishing friendly relationships and also
helps navigate to norms of reciprocity (people returning favours and other acts of kindness).
There are three ways for this exchange: exchange of kind words, exchange of people through
marriage or alliances and exchange of things. Social events encourage social interaction among
individuals that can lighten the mood and also can make people happy. There is a decreased risk
of dementia and poor mental health as this interconnection promotes a sense of safety, security
and belonging (WHAT IS AN ASSET? EXAMPLES AND DEFINITIONS, 2020). Socialization is
essential as it prepares younger generation to be a part of the culture, promotes family values and
carries it forward. With no socialization most cultures in a society would perish.

Financial assets
Economic assets are the entities through which the owner of any property can earn
benefits by holding it for future for monetary quantifications. Most financial assets can be
obtained from the possession of economical assets. These properties can include any real estate
property, a corporation a jewellery piece (Villalonga-Olives, E., Wind, T.R. and Kawachi, I.,
2018). An economic asset has the potential for generating cash in future. In a society when
economies flourish, it is seen as a potential source of generating state tax revenue and improved
public services such as inauguration of public parks, improvement in healthcare sector, social
protection and educational facilities to everyone. Better economies can generate high incomes
for individuals in the working class with increased life expectancy as there is an improvement in
government finances. With financial assets, employees can consume more goods and services
and have the benefit of enjoying better standard of living. There is a tentative decrease in rates of
unemployment with higher output and positive economic growth (Discuss The Benefits of High
Economic Growth, 2017). This encourages the firm to invest in better economic prospects for
high demand in future. A great sense of understanding of civic and political issues is observed in
high growth economies. A community can devote more resources to conserving the environment
and promoting recycling of products. Better economy means low crime rates as there is more
employment opportunities, low poverty and basic facilities are provided to everyone.
Environmental assets
An environmental asset could be any bio physical entity, living or non-living that can
provide benefits to both present and future generation (Borghesi, R. and Chang, K., 2020). These
natural assets mostly consist of mineral, land, soil, aquatic and timber and other biological
resources. Environment should be considered as the most important asset because it is home to
millions of creatures living on earth including humans therefore conversation of renewal and
non-renewable resources is obligatory. Both renewal and non-renewal resources are needed for
promotion of economic growth and sustainable development. For example, forests comprise of
80% of the world's biodiversity and provide number of benefits to the community such as help in
reducing the risks of floods, tsunamis, regulating water cycles and maintaining soil quality.
Ecosystem, natural resources and individual species all provide benefit to the society in their
own unique way.

Physical assets and human resources
Physical assets are tangible goods that are physically present in existence and can be seen
and touched. These assets can include machinery, raw materials, vehicles, gold, silver etc.
Physical assets are a form of economic assets that can be preserved and have the potential to
generate cash in future. The monetary value of these goods can increase with time. Assets like
governments buildings, offices, community centres, museums, industries, civil infrastructures,
etc., take up space and hold value for a community in the long run.
Human resources in a community refers to the individuals whose skills and workforce
makeup an organization and its structure. Human resources play an important role in organizing,
planning and changing the work culture of an organization (Miller, K., McIntyre, R. and
McKenna, G., 2018). Human resources in a community involves healthcare professionals that
play a critical role for the betterment of the society by creating connections between vulnerable
population and healthcare system. They help in reducing isolation among patients and managing
care for vulnerable patients. It is important for medical workers to build a community to address
stigmatized issues and diseases to create awareness so that more and more people can enrol in
health services. Healthcare workers influence a large population in a community by providing
both primary and preventive care services. Addressing social determinants of health and
providing unbiased counselling, health screenings and referrals (Sergi, C.M. and Leung, A.K.C.,
2020). Health is a prime asset that every individual possesses and its care must be of utmost
importance monitored by healthcare professionals providing culturally appropriate health
education on topics connected to safeguarding chronic disease and promoting nutritional values.
Involvement of every individual makes up a community therefore everyone's enrolment in
healthcare facilities is necessary.
TASK 3
Community based approaches refers to the approaches which are mobilise assets within
communities and can encourage equity along with social connectedness along with increasing
peoples control on their lives and health. It is an effective approach that can help in getting better
care and support and allow the community development that includes concept within wider
appeal within public health policy (South and et. al., 2019). This is effective and help the
community group to determine the form along with purpose of resources that can help in
advancing the community health. Through applying the family of community centred approaches

which can be effective and help in getting better development as a framework which can be
effective and represent the practical along with evidence based options that are effective and help
to improve community health along with their wellbeing. This can also help in reducing the
health inequalities. Through applying this, it can help to provide better and effective evidence
based practices that can be helpful in enabling better health and wellbeing of community health.
There is need to ensure about applying the community centred approach that can be
effective and help in providing better approach that can be effective in improvement of health
and wellbeing of community. Through applying the community centred approach which can be
effective and help in getting better care to people within community through applying promotion
of health and wellbeing (Gooding and et. al., 2020). This can be effective in reducing the health
inequalities within community settings through using the non-clinical methods. Here, community
members get actively involved in the design, evaluation and delivery of the health approach.
There are various strength and limitation of traditional approach to public health. This
applying the traditional approach can help in reducing the health cost. Here, it can allow to
expense very less which can be effective and are in comparison to treating those health problem.
Here, preventing any disease can be highly effective and needed less cost than treating disease.
For example- it is less expensive to creating impact about preventing smoking which needed less
cost then treating heart disease or any cancer. This can create better impact and have better
positive aspect.
Through applying the evidence based approach it can be effective and can allow individual
to focus on public health that can enable them to reduce the cost which can create a high impact
and help to reduce the health care burden within England (Murta and et. al., 2018).
There can also be limitation that traditional approach are about identifying risk factor and
causes and preventing them through implementing different strategies on large scale. Whereas,
evidence based approach are scientific approved and have a positive health response on the
largest scale which are also acceptable within UK (Seymour, 2021).
This can be also effective where traditional public health approach include defining and
measuring of problem and identifying the cause and risk factor then need to determine
prevention of the problem through implementing effectively easy. These should be followed on
the largest scale that can help to evaluate the impact more significantly. This can also provide a
better impact on the large population where applying the evidence based approach, can create

high positive impact on the largest scale. Healthcare professional need to focus on providing
better health to every individual that are associated with creating positive aspect and help in
delivery better public health (Nyamukondiwa, 2022).
There are different principle of community development with my include human rights
empowerment, social justice, inclusion, collective action and self determination. These are the
principal which can be effective and then help to perform the communities centred approach to
deliver promote and proper care.
Collaboration and partnership can be highly effective and can help to provide better health
care support to family of community centred approach. This can be effective and enable family
member to focus on their health which can include the approach towards better health.
Through applying the partnership and collaboration, it can be effective approach that can
help to create a better delivery of services within the community. It can also help to get adopted
by healthcare professional for providing better and effective positive response towards public
health (Cavaye and et. al., 2019).
There are some short term outcome that include better health achievement and feeling more
relaxed. Long term item outcomes may include better community health along with public
health.
TASK 4
There is role of community development practitioner where it can include identification
of assets, opportunity, needs, roles and responsibility and help to achieve and take appropriate
action (Clark and et. al., 2018). They are effective to develop activities and services for
generating confidence. They are having the role to use the knowledge, skills, attitude and values
which can be highly effective and can apply in providing better delivery of healthcare services to
the population. It is essential to use the knowledge, attitude, skills and values which can be
affected the use by the practitioner to require in working effectively with community. It is
essential to apply the knowledge and skill in appropriate manner where communication skills can
be highly effective and can help to communicate effectively with the community that can allow
to develop better and effective relationship with the different diverse people. This can also
enable healthcare practitioner to work effectively in the community through addressing the
health inequality through applying the community centre approach. It can also enable

practitioner to use the effective communication skill that are effective and allow to perform well
through maintaining attitude and values and respecting different community people.
It is essential to focus on the knowledge about cultural of the communities which can be
highly effective and help community development practices to promote and provide better health
care services. This can be effective and can allow to improve their health. In this, there is need
for the proper communication skill, problem solving skills and decision making skills with
positive attitude which can be effective (Lewis and et. al., 2019). This can help community
development practitioner to provide better care services that can help and associate with
Community Centre approach. There, is need to focus on the values that are highly associated
with taking care of good health and ensure about ethical consideration that should not create any
type of difficulty or health inequality while delivery Community Centre approach. It is necessary
to use the communication skill, decision making skills and problem solving skills which have
high impact and can allow practitioner to use those skills to make established better relationship
with the community people. This can enable healthcare professional and practice established
relationship and easily communicate with diverse communities in appropriate manner. Through
applying the problem solving skills and decision making skills are associated with applying the
community centre approach.
Community development practitioner should have the knowledge about the culture in
which they are providing community services. This can be effective and help to provide better
delivery of services. Here, communication skill can be also effective and can allow to interact
with the community people in relation to sharing information and providing better health
support. During this, there is need to have positive attitude regarding the community people that
can help to effectively deliver the service in more effective way. This would also provide
respected and value people that can help to maintain the dignity and privacy while delivery
services to the community people (McChesney and et. al., 2018). Community development
practitioner should also use the learning and knowledge about the culture that can help them to
perform well and enable to deliver better than effective healthcare services with better interaction
with the community people. It can allow to established better relationship and communicate
effectively to support people in their better health. This can allow to use the positive attitude of
community that can enable practitioner to perform more effective way and respect their values
for maintaining better privacy and dignity for the community people.

CONCLSUION
From above discussion, it can be conclude that community plays an important role and
developing community health. This can include various resources of health. There is also
discussion about place based community and health inequalities. There is also discussion about
the evidence based benefit of a community centre approach in health improvement and
suggestions for knowledge, skill, attitude and values which practice health in inequalities using
Community Centre approach.

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