Biology Assignment: Comparing Microbial Organisms and Their Roles

This assignment delves into the realm of microbiology, focusing on the characteristics and functions of several key organisms. It begins by examining Diplomonads, highlighting their eukaryotic nature and the presence of flagella. The assignment then transitions to Parabasalids, discussing their flagellated structure and symbiotic relationships. Finally, it explores the world of fungi, differentiating between yeasts and hyphae. The role of chitin in fungal cell walls is also examined. The assignment provides a comparative analysis of the organisms, their structures, and their roles within their respective environments. The assignment also references several research papers to provide a detailed overview of the discussed organisms.

Running head: BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
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1BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
Diplomonads are eukaryotic unicellular organisms which are primarily parasites. Several
researchers have indicated that Diplomonads are the primary eukaryotes as well as several
researchers mentioned that this organism is linkage between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. They
consist of two haploid nuclei, through which four flagella is generated (Takahara et al. 2019).
These flagella help in the movement of this organism.
On the other hand, parabasalid also belong to the flagella containing protists and belong
to the group excavate (Han et al., 2016). These organisms are found in the gut and intestine of
cockroaches, termites and in their body utilizes symbiotic relationship with bacteria. Flagella are
also the primary way of movement in this organism (Han et al., 2016).
Yeasts, whereas, are single cellular fungi that creates energy by fermenting sugar and
leading to the production of alcohol and carbon. This is termed as the baking yeast in general
terms as it helps in the baking process to raise the dough as well as it is also helps to ripe the blue
cheese, which increases its commercial usage (Narrowe et al. 2018).
Hypha or hyphae are the primary branching filamentous structure which primarily helps
the fungi to grow and develop vegetative. The collection of such hypha is termed as the
mycelium (Han et al., 2016). These structures of fungi are affected with the environment
positions of the thallus.
This is known as the fibrous substance which includes the polysaccharide so that it could
be attached to the exoskeleton. It is also found that Chitin is available in the cell wall of fungi
and is excreted the epidermal theses if the body (Han et al., 2016).

2BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
Reference
Han, P., Yang, C., Liang, X. and Li, L., 2016. Identification and characterization of a novel
chitinase with antifungal activity from ʻBaozhu’pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.). Food
chemistry, 196, pp.808-814.
Narrowe, A.B., Spang, A., Stairs, C.W., Caceres, E.F., Baker, B.J., Miller, C.S. and Ettema, T.J.,
2018. Complex evolutionary history of translation Elongation Factor 2 and diphthamide
biosynthesis in Archaea and parabasalids. Genome biology and evolution, 10(9), pp.2380-2393.
Takahara, H., Hacquard, S., Kombrink, A., Hughes, H.B., Halder, V., Robin, G.P., Hiruma, K.,
Neumann, U., Shinya, T., Kombrink, E. and Shibuya, N., 2016. Colletotrichum higginsianum
extracellular LysM proteins play dual roles in appressorial function and suppression of chitin‐
triggered plant immunity. New Phytologist, 211(4), pp.1323-1337.