Tourism in Paris: Examining Complexities Pre & Post COVID-19 Lockdown

This report examines the complexities of the tourism industry in Paris, both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the pandemic, the industry faced challenges such as security risks, regulatory and border issues, high tax rates, currency fluctuations, and unemployment. The pandemic introduced new complexities, including increased focus on hygiene, adherence to legal regulations, regaining tourist trust, and declining consumer spending. The report also discusses economic dimensions, CSR activities, resource consumption, GDP rates, infrastructure, and tourist motivations. Stakeholder decisions, particularly by investors, are crucial for the industry's recovery, emphasizing the need for investments that benefit the broader economy. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential strategies for revitalizing the tourism sector in Paris. Desklib offers more resources like this to aid students in their studies.

Tourism in Paris at the
lock down

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Main body........................................................................................................................................3
Complexities of the tourism industry in Paris, both prior to the pandemic as well as
after........................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Tourism industry is one of the fastest growing industry in the world but due to covid
pandemic the growth of this industry decline and even most of the businesses in this industry get
shut down. There are various beautiful destinations in Paris such as Trocadéro at sunrise, Parc
des Buttes Chaumont, Colonnes de Buren and many others which attract most of the tourist for
the France country. The following report covers complexities of the tourism industry in Paris,
both prior to the pandemic as well as
after the pandemic.
Main body
Complexities of the tourism industry in Paris, both prior to the pandemic as well as
after
The major income source for Paris is their tourism industry because most of the tourists
get attracted toward beautiful destinations of Paris and invest their money to stay in Paris for few
days. This will help economy of France to grow high. There are various kind of complexities
which can be faced by tourism industry in Paris event before Covid Pandemic and few of the
complexities are mentioned below-
Risk and Security of Tourist- Every tourist needs to travel those places where they will
gain full satisfaction for their security (Seraphin and Dosquet, 2020). They want that their life
will be protected from terror attacks, natural disasters and many others. In context of Paris, there
are various kind of terror attacks like November 2015 attack in Paris and many others. On the
other hand, there are various kind of criminal activities takes place in Paris. Hence, tourist need
security guarantee from hotels and restaurants where they stay for a particular period of time.
Regulatory and border issues- France restrict the entry of tourists from some countries
for which they are having issues like legal issues, border issues and many others. Hence, due to
this reason most of the tourists get restricted to enter the area of Paris and use their tourism
services. This will also impact bad upon the reputation of their nation.

High tax rate- High tax rates for tourism companies also plays an important role in
creating major complexities for tourism industry. In context of Paris, there are 25% tax rate for
travel and tourism sector companies which is very high as compared to other countries. Due to
this reason hotels and restaurants are supposed to pay high taxes and their retained earnings get
reduced. Hence, they are not able to invest high on the development of their infrastructure.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates- Euro is currency of France whose value at
international level get changes after every few days. This is plays an damageable challenge to
Paris tourism industry (Grech, Grech and Fabri, 2020). Due to fluctuations in France currency,
there will be increase in inflation rate and the prices of tourism services get increased which
further impact negative upon customers purchasing power in this specific industry. Rapid
fluctuations in currency impacts to adopt various changes in the nation like change in prices of
services and many others.
Unemployment rate of France- France is having high unemployment rate which is
8.62% which further means that there are overall 8.62% people in France who are eligible to earn
but unable to find a appropriate job for their specialization. This unemployment condition is also
seen in tourism industry of France where most of the hotels and restaurants are seen lack of
employees to perform their operational tasks. Hence, this will impact bad upon management of
hotels and restaurants to attract customers.
Sharing of wrong information- In context of increasing in competition in Paris market,
the major competitors of hotels and restaurants share wrong information to damage the image of
their competitor. This will also impact bad upon various tourism companies in Paris. They share
wrong news and images on social media which is having global reach. Hence, their reputation
get decline globally.
Covid 19 pandemic is a global pandemic which is caused by virus which enters human
body and make the person ill and even it cause death. Hence, most of the countries made some
laws and regulations to restrict the spreading of this virus from one person to other (Neupane,
2021). There are lock downs, social distancing and many other restrictions at worldwide level.
Due this pandemic, Paris tourism industry also faces few complexities which are mentioned
below-
Focusing more on hygienic factors- It is essential for hotels and restaurants to focus on
hygienic factors of their hotels and restaurants and clean the rooms and dining areas well to

attract more tourists. More hygienic area will safe tourists from covid viruses. Hence, hotels and
restaurants in tourism industry have to invest more upon their hygienic factors. Therefore, their
employees must specially at kitchen department must wear gloves and mainly focus that they
will make their food dishes will clean environment.
Following all legal laws for covid pandemic- It is essential for hotels and restaurants to
follow all legal laws and regulations in their hotels and restaurants like they must accept a
limited amount of bookings to mitigate the issues of crowd and follow the law of social
distancing.
Gain the trust of tourists- It is very tough for a hotel and restaurant to gain the trust of
their customers again on their modified services and facilities to serve (Paris and Ying, 2021).
Declining in customer purchasing habit- Due to this pandemic most of the people loose
their jobs which further restrict them to spend less on unnecessary expenditures like
entertainment expenses. Hence, this is also one of the biggest reason for slowing down the
growth rate of tourism industry in Paris.
Complexities of tourism industry in Paris is also explained by various other factors which are
mentioned below-
Economic dimensions- It is the capability of private and public sectors to determine the
profitable practices by a company from economic point of view. CSR activities are also essential
for a hotel and restaurant to focus to grow high in future. CSR activities consist of performing all
those activities which will help ton provide the benefit to environment by protecting and it from
harmful practices like releasing of carbon-dioxide by factories and many others harmful gases
(Hermann and Paris, 2020). CSR activities also help to develop the qualitative life of weaker
section of society be providing them those services and facilities which will help them to
increase their standard of living. In context of many hotels and restaurants in Paris they conduct
few CSR activities at their workplace such as-
 Reducing the usage of plastic bags and plastic containers to store food. This will help to
protect environment.
 Distributing food products especially nutritious food dishes to poor people so that they
will maintain their health in good condition and develop their standard of living.
 Distributing face masks which are bio-degradable in nature to their customers as well as
non customers.

Consumption of resources- It is also essential for every company to consume their
natural resources effectively so that they will not waste it and left it for future generation. For
this most of the hotels and restaurants in Paris adopt advance and modern technological tools and
machines which will help them to save their energy and minimize their food wastage (Pullano
and et. al., 2020). Before covid pandemic, the hotels and restaurants are not much aware about
the waste management practices and its importance but after the covid pandemic, every
organisation focus to manage their waste management effectively so that they will gain
maximum profit.
GDP rate of Paris and infrastructure- It is seen that the infrastructure of Paris is in
good condition and help to attract more tourists. The condition of roads, transport facilities, well
build buildings and many others help tourists to travel easily from one destination to another in
Paris. Paris is having every transport facility which ever their tourist like to reach at their
destination can be opted easily. The prices or charges of transport facilities are affordable and
help their tourists to manage their budget for travelling in Paris.
Various kind of hotels and restaurants- Paris is well known by the variations in
business of their hospitality and tourism industry (Mawby, 2020). There are various kind of
hotels and restaurants in Paris like clubs, beer bars and many others. Hence, this will help to
attract more tourists because they are having more options to choose any tourist facility which
ever they like and which ever falls under their fixed budget.
Tourists' motivations- France is considered as one of the leading tourist destination in the
world which attracts large base of people towards it. The motivation of people behind travailing
to Paris before COVID-19 pandemic includes various reasons some of which are exploring the
beautiful city, seeing several destinations and others. In the year 2018 the total number of people
visited France was around 89.4 million and Paris alone has approximately 40 million visitors in
the same year. Around 15 million tourist visited EuroDisney, approximately 7 million came to
Paris for appreciate the beauty of Eiffel Tower and almost 8 million tourist came to Louvre
(France TourismStatistics 2020-2021, 2021). This all statistical data represents that the country
welcomed many visitors and has many appealing destinations which attracts more number of
people. Tourist love to visit Notre Dame and it attracts almost 13 million people every year
(France TourismStatistics 2020-2021, 2021). The motivation of people before this pandemic was
impacted by various reasons which includes security issues and regulatory and border problems.

People were concerned about their safety and security which has the major issue for the growth
of Paris travel and Tourism industry. The difficult visa procedure of country also impact on the
activities of people and stop them from coming to the country (Camilleri, 2018). After COVID-
19 the preferences of people have shifted to their health and they do not want to travel more. The
Paris also seen a decline in the number of people visiting which is almost between 3.6 million to
4.7 million during 2021 (Tourism in Paris sees a great decline this year, 2021). The people are
not motivating to explore the country as they are more concerned about their health and safety.
People do not want to come to places of gatherings and due to lock-down implications they
become more relax at their homes rather than exploring world. The preferences and choices of
people have changed before and after pandemic which has majorly impacted the tourism industry
of city.
Stakeholders- They are those individual and group of individuals who invest in business for
greater amount of returns and who is having interest in the business to make their operating
decisions effectively for organisational benefit (Gobin, Kitwuna and Anita, 2019). In context of
tourism industry, it is most important that their stakeholders must make some of the effective
decisions for the growth of their hotels and other tourism business in which they invest
especially after covid pandemic.
Most of the common stakeholders of tourism industry are investors who invest money in the
hotels operational activities and provide funds to them, employees who work for the hotel and
tourism industry, government who have the power to control whole industry by implementing
laws and many others. Some of the decisions which can be taken by these stakeholders for the
growth of Paris tourism industry are explained below-
Investors- It is essential for investors to analyse the condition of their economy and invest in
those areas and hotels where their whole economy will gain profit (Kamuti, 2021). The point of
view of investor not only grab the opportunity for their personal profit but they must invest in
those productive areas which will help them to grow their whole economy and overcome with
the pandemic situation as soon as possible. They must invest their money in maintaining the
condition of their roads, transport facilities and many others which will further help them to grow
well as well as help the whole economy to grow.
Employees or staff members- They are also consider as one of the most important stakeholder
of a tourism industry because they are the individuals who have direct communication with their

customers. They are able to attract tourists toward their hotels and restaurants and develop the
condition of Paris tourism after covid pandemic (Lew and et. al, 2020). It is important for them
to get well trained and experienced to serve different kind of tourism customers. It is essential to
allow the participation of employees in decision making process when decisions are made for
marketing activities because they are well experienced about the behaviour of their customers
and they can suggest those changes in the hotels and restaurants which will help to gain customer
satisfaction. After covid pandemic, the employees are suggested to communicate more with their
customers and try to gain their trust that their specific hotel is safe and secure and they are
following all legal laws to protect their customer's interest and health.
Government- This is one of the most important stakeholder of tourism industry which will help
tourism industry to grow well by formulating and implementing those laws which will protect
the health and rights of their tourists (Milano, Cheer and Novelli, 2019). They make sure that
every tourists which arrive from other nation to Paris will be checked first with covid check up
kit. Secondly, restriction on wearing masks are essential for every tourists and maintaining social
distancing. Hence, they help the tourism industry to maintain discipline while performing any
operating activity.
Globalisation- This is the situation where countries open their boundaries and remove various
barriers for foreign trade activities. They allow foreign investment allow to trade their products
and services to other countries, maintain good relations with other countries, conduct
international events and many others. In context of Paris tourism industry, there are various kind
of factors which can impact their operations and growth like restriction of trading from enemy
country (Mulet-Forteza and et. al., 2018). France restrict to allow France based companies to
trade with their enemy country and they also restrict the entry of tourists from their enemy
country which may decline the growth of tourism industry in France. Secondly, adopting
international technology and import them from other countries will also help tourism industry to
grow well and help them to perform their tourism activities effectively and rapidly. Providing
training to employees and make them understand how to use imported technology will further
help to grow tourism industry of Paris. It is also essential for those hotels and restaurants of Paris
who is planning to expand their business in other countries to focus more upon the political
factors of that country where they plan to expand. It is also essential for their hotels to expand in
those countries where they will find appropriate amount of natural resources and raw materials

for their production processes. It is essential to formulate global strategies to defend each issues
and challenges of global expansion.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been evaluated that COVID-19 has majorly impacted
tourism industry as people have shifted their focus to their health. It has been the pandemic not
only influenced the lives of people but also created a great impact on economy of various
countries. The motivation of people has shifted fro exploring places to went outside only for
some important work. Different stakeholders within the country also got impacted due to this
pandemic as several business were shutdown, employees were fired or furlough and many others
were influenced. It has also been evaluated that this pandemic has also created massive loss of
tourism industry on global level. It has also been examined that countries must take effective
measures and should implement strategies which could help them in attracting large base of
customers. In the end it could be said that, tourism plays a very important role in every aspect of
a country which includes economy, employment, livelihood of people and many others which
could be maximized through enhancing more tourism activities.

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