Exploring the Multifaceted Causes and Effects of Stress

This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of the causes and effects of stress, a prevalent health issue in modern society. It examines stress through the lens of theories such as Selye's theory of systemic stress and The Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, detailing the stages of stress devel...Read More

The causes and effects of stress

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Now days one of the biggest health issues are associated with the stress, this is the
Morden day illness under which people feel emotional and physical tension. Stress is causes by
the any thought which make the person frustrated and angry (Robinson,2018). Within this essay
the causes and effects of the stress are going to evaluate with the current model of the stress.
Internal and external factors which develop the stress are be analysed along with this physical,
psychological, emotional and the social signs of the stress are evaluated. A brief analysis of the
effects of stressed individual family, work performance and community done.
MAIN BODY
On the basis of the stress theorise such as the Selye's theory of `systemic stress and The
Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping”. According to the Selye’s theory of the stress over
stress can cause the development of adaption syndrome which influence the shocking and
alarming exhaustion. There are the three stages within which stress is produce and manage that
is alarming reaction stage, resistance stage and the last exhaustion individual do not able to fight
with stress. stage under this stage according to the Lazarus and Folkman theory of the stress,
stress is an outcome of the operation changes between a person different system such as mental,
physiological, affective, nervous and their critical environment. It describes the features and
characteristics of the stress in several ways such as a serious, conditional, signal and disorder
which further fell into the groups based on locus of regulator, expectedness, tone, impact and
duration (Johnston, 2020).
Hans Selye is the medical doctor developed the theory of GAS, auther illustrated the
three stages of the stress development and regulation, such as alarming, resistance and
exhaustion . According to that model stress is the generic reply of the body to any requirement
for change. The overall adaptation condition stages begin with the alarming reaction stage, this
involves the initial systems of the body experiences when under the stress. Under this stage
individual start flee or protect themselves in difficult situation, heart rate increase, due that
individual fight or flight response occurs by the adrenal gland release cortisol and boosting of
adrenaline which increase energy. Next stage is the resistance under this phase afterward the
fight and flight response body start its repairing, it helps to release a lower amount of the cortisol
and normalization of heart frequency or beet and blood pressure (Huggett, 2018). If the stress
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continues for the long period and resistance do not work for stress control then it leads to the
problem’s, such as the fighting stage continuation for long time without gaps or control to the
balance the effects of the stress then it can cause the exhaustion stage. The signs of fighting
phase are including irritation, frustration etc. fatigue stage is the outcome of the continued
chronic stress, because suffering with the long period stress drain individual physical, emotional
and mental resources and at this point person strength to fight stress and this is called as
exhaustion stage. Signs of this stage are fatigue, burnout, anxiety etc.
There are the different types of internal and external factors which lead to the development
of stress such as some selective external factors are relationship problems and financial stresses.
Relationship problems with the family members and work place subordinates contribute to the
development of stress, such as arguments, needs and feeling of neglected, misunderstandings in
the relationship increase the stress of individual. Financial stressors such as the financial
instability will cause the negative effects on mental health it can lead to the anxiety, depression
and behavioural changes. Internal stressors are individual expectations and desires on the
incompletion of which person feel bad and stimulate development of the stress (Azarmanesh, and
et. al., 2018).
If the person is facing the stress from the long-time then this can lead to the physical
symptom’s like headaches and upset stomach. This occur because the screenful events causes the
fight or flight stage which involves the release of the certain chemicals which causes the physical
changes like headaches etc. the two main psychological symptoms of the stress are depression or
anxiety and anger, irritability, or restlessness. Anxiety is associated with the overstimulation of
the stressful environment or threat which lead to the development of anger and frustration.
Restlessness is the symptom of direct result of the fight or flight response being activated, this is
occurring due to the surge of the adrenaline. The two key signs of the stress reactional are feeling
overwhelmed and loneliness, isolation, feeling overwhelmed means completely submerged by
thoughts and emotions about the current problems this is the point where the individual lack the
efficacy and feel frozen or paralyzed. Isolation from the family and friends and loneliness is key
emotion symptom of the stress as it is associated with development of stress.
Stress shut down the appetite, due to which nervous system transmit information to the adrenal
glands which atop the kidneys to pump out the secretion of hormone epinephrine, this further
activate the body fight or flight reply a revved up physiological state which put provisionally
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eating on hold causes undereating. In other hand is the adrenal gland release another hormone
called cortisol and cortisol influence the individual to eat more by motivating them and higher
appetite development. Drug and alcohol misuse behavioural change develop in the stressed
individual due to the psychological force of reaction and human belief of stress relive through
drugs and alcohol (Foyer, 2019).
The effects of the stressed person on their families are fighting, poor communication, fatigue
and general exhaustion. In other hand impact of the individual stress on their work performance
is high error rate and poor quality of work and decrease performance. In context to the
community where they life effect of the stress individual is that this can stimulate the community
members stress development and develop the cycle of the stress which cannot be brake. This also
effects the community relationship and understanding (Subasinghe, 2019).
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been concluded that stress is the biggest issues of the now a
day’s population which contribute to the several other issues of the health. The key theories of
the stress are Selye's theory of `systemic stress and The Transactional Theory of Stress and
Coping”. The internal and external factors which lead to the stress are relationship problems and
financial stresses, expectations and desires etc. the physical, psychological, emotional and
behavioural symptoms of the stress are, headaches, upset stomach, anxiety, depression, isolation
loneliness and over or undereating.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Robinson, A.M., 2018. Let's talk about stress: History of stress research. Review of General
Psychology, 22(3), pp.334-342.
Johnston, J., 2020. Stress and anxiety. Veterinary Nursing Journal, 35(8), pp.217-217.
Azarmanesh, H., and et. al., 2018. Effects of the Sediment Grain Size on Metabolic Reaction of
Callista umbonella in Oxidative Stress Caused by Hydrocarbon Pollution in the Coast of
Assaluyeh (North of the Persian Gulf). Journal of Oceanography, 9(35), pp.11-20.
Foyer, C.H., 2019. Causes of photooxidative stress and amelioration of defense systems in
plants. CRC press.
Subasinghe, C., 2019. Not in my face please. Stress caused by the presence of smokers in places
with restorative qualities. The Journal of Public Space, 4(1), pp.33-44.
Huggett, R.J., 2018. Biomarkers: biochemical, physiological, and histological markers of
anthropogenic stress. CRC Press.
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