Unit 37: Architecture - Computer System Components and Interactions

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Unit 37: Architecture

Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
P1 Investigate the key computer system components and how they interact............................4
Type of Hardware System:.....................................................................................................5
The main part of the Storage unit:..........................................................................................6
P2 Show how the different types of memory can be attached to a processor............................9
Different type of memory:.....................................................................................................9
Type of Registers:..................................................................................................................9
Type of cache memory:........................................................................................................10
P3 Investigate, using examples, how different types of data can be converted and stored in
computer systems.....................................................................................................................12
P4 Carry out Boolean logic operations....................................................................................14
Type of Boolean logic operation:.........................................................................................14
P5 Illustrate the use of the different processor registers in the fetch executes cycle...............17
Fetch Executes Cycle function:............................................................................................17
P6 Illustrate, with an example, how polling and interrupts are used to allow communication
between processor and peripherals...........................................................................................19
Type of polling system:........................................................................................................19
The concept of interrupts:....................................................................................................19
Type of interrupts:................................................................................................................20
The function of Direct X-API:.............................................................................................20
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M1 Compare the roles played by different types of memory..................................................22
Different type of memory:...................................................................................................22
M2 Show how, using examples, floating point numbers can be represented in binary form.. 24
M3 Illustrate how adder circuits are used to add binary numbers...........................................26
M4 Create a low-level program which includes decision making, branching and I/O
operations.................................................................................................................................28
M5 Investigate the function of an interrupt handler.................................................................30
Type of Interrupt Handler:...................................................................................................30
M6 Assess how instruction pipelining modifies the performance of a computer system........32
Working of the pipelining modifies system:........................................................................32
M7 Evaluate how the DirectX API is used by application programmers to control graphics
functions...................................................................................................................................34
Direct-X Graphics function:.................................................................................................35
Conclusion:..............................................................................................................................36
References................................................................................................................................37
Table of Figures:
Figure 1 Hardware Systems of Computer..................................................................................6
Figure 2 Hardware system of C.P.U..........................................................................................7
Figure 3 Component of Computer System.................................................................................8
Figure 4 Centre Processing Unit................................................................................................9
Figure 5 C.P.U. Registers.........................................................................................................10
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Figure 6: poster........................................................................................................................11
Figure 7 Cache Memory System..............................................................................................13
Figure 8 OR Gate Structure......................................................................................................17
Figure 9 AND Gate System.....................................................................................................18
Figure 10 NOT Gate System....................................................................................................19
Figure 11 NAND Gate System...............................................................................................19
Figure 12 Fetch Executes Cycle...............................................................................................21
Figure 13 Computer Storage System.......................................................................................25
Figure 14 Different Type of Memory......................................................................................26
Figure 15 Floating Point...........................................................................................................27
Figure 16 Binary Form.............................................................................................................27
Figure 17 Adder Circuits..........................................................................................................29
Figure 18 Addition of Binary Number.....................................................................................29
Figure 19 Adder logical diagram............................................................................................30
Figure 20 Working of the programme.....................................................................................31
Figure 21 Decision-Making Programme..................................................................................32
Figure 22 Working of Interrupt Handler..................................................................................33
Figure 23 Pipelining Modifies System.....................................................................................35
Figure 24 Working of the Pipelining System...........................................................................36
Figure 25 Working of Direct-X API System...........................................................................37
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Introduction
In this report analysis the brief study of the computer system components. The computer
system is a mechanism by the help of the collection the information, store the data parameter
and exchange the ideas according to the need. The computer system is created, to receive all
type of information, transfer the ideas and identifies the data in a particular format with the
use of computer system components. Computer system components play, a vital role to
control all type of instruction which is given by the computer.
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P1 Investigate the key computer system components and how they interact.
Computer System Components: Computer system is divided into three basic components.
These three components control the complete instruction of the computer mechanism.
Computer system components
Hardware System: Hardware system is a physical part of the computer mechanism. In the
hardware system include all type of storage unit, the input device or computer, the output
device of the computer system and all the connective system like centre process unit is
included in the hardware system. In hardware system include the keyboard, mouse, joystick,
webcam and Scanner like part involve (Chortle, 2019).
Figure 1 Hardware Systems of Computer
(Source- Chadwick, 2019)
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Figure 2 Hardware system of C.P.U.
(Source- Tarleton, 2018)
Type of Hardware System: Hardware system is divide three basic parts.
(A). Input units: In the hardware system input units are that unit with the help of the data or
information can enter the centre processing unit (C.P.U.) system. By the use of the input
devices, information and data can be transferred in the form of binary code to a computer
program.
Input unit’s functions:
 Input units accept all instructions and collect the information form global world.
 Input units convert the information in the form of computer program code.
 Input units supply the converted information and instruction to the computer system.
(B). Output units: Output unit is the reverse of the input units. By the use of the output units
supply the analysis data and information from computation to its user. In the output units
received information in the form of binary code, the output unit converted this information to
human acceptable language. Scanner and printer is an example of the output units (Cise, 2019).
Output unit’s functions:
 Output unit received the data from the computer in coded form.
 Convert the information from binary code to human understanding form.
 With the help of the output unit transfer the converted data or information to his users.
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(C). Storage Unit: It is the main part of the computer system. In the storage unit, all the
information which is come through the input units is stored. After receiving the information
according to the instruction processing is done in the storage unit. Process data is transfer by
the use of output key to its applicant.
The main function of storage unit:
 All the data is store and processing according to the instruction.
 Exchange the information according to process.
 Generate the final result before transfer to the output device.
Figure 3 Component of Computer System
The main part of the Storage unit:
(a) Central Processing Unit (C.P.U.): It is the main application of the storage unit. By the
use of the C.P.U. control all the information and date. Provide the instruction according to
need. And store the information in the memory when need to output. With the help of the
CPU, all the processing parameters are controlled and generate the result.
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Figure 4 Centre Processing Unit
(b) Arithmetic and logic unit (A.L.U.): It is a computer system with the help of the
instruction is taking according to the process. All the calculation and decision is taking by
ALU. ALU consists with a different type of the circuit which is used for the process. A lot of
processes are done in the computer system, by the use of the ALU system all process is done
in a proper format and a proper sequence.
(c) Registers: It is the control panel of the computer system. With the help of the registers,
the system manages the all type of instruction according to the sequence. Registers received
the instruction from the input and according to the instruction generating the programme for
making the output (Hope, 2019).
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Figure 5 C.P.U. Registers
(Source- Encycl, 2019)
(d) Memory Unit: Memory unit is the structure of date. In the memory unit, all the
information is reserved and according to the need, it should be generated.
2. Software System: Software system is the application of the computer. It is the type of
computer programmes. By the use of the software system, any input instruction is converted
to output decision.
3. Computer User: It is the applicant of the computer user. Which give commend to the
input unit according to requirement. According to the applicant or user computer system
generate the process output.
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Figure 6: poster
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