This report provides an in-depth analysis of computer architecture and operating systems, focusing on hardware specifications for different scenarios. It begins with an introduction to the interface system that coordinates between the user and the hardware, covering tasks like file and memory management. The report then delves into specific hardware components, including suitable CPUs and motherboards for low-cost and mid-range desktop PCs, discussing factors like integrated graphics and budget considerations. It examines the role and amount of RAM, different types and sizes of non-volatile storage, and the features of input/output ports. The report also explores the features of graphics cards, suitable cases, power supplies, and appropriate monitor selections, considering factors like resolution and display technology. The conclusion summarizes the importance of computer architecture and operating systems in managing the overall system functionality.