Analysis of the Complexity in Computer and Communication Systems

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the complexities inherent in computer and communication systems. It explores the challenges of managing large and interconnected systems, emphasizing the importance of abstraction as a key method for dealing with complexity. The report discusses system engineering principles, including the integration of various disciplines and the importance of meeting both technical and business needs. It also examines the concept of System of Systems (SoS) and the challenges within software engineering, particularly regarding coalition systems and the need for robust design. The report highlights the dynamic relationships between system elements and the factors influencing complexity, concluding with the significance of social-technical systems and the role of system engineers in ensuring effective design and usage. The paper is contributed by a student and is available on Desklib, a platform providing AI-powered study resources.

Running head: COMPLEXITY OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
COMPLEXITY OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note:

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Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................2
Discussion............................................................................................................................2
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................4
References............................................................................................................................6

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Introduction
In the year 2016, there was an unofficial estimation from Google with respect to 2.5
million servers which is growing at a rapid rate. These interconnected systems come up with
complexity which is mind-baffling (Elsevier.com, 2019). With technological development,
humans have become successful to deal with the complex web and interconnected. It comes up
with interdependent entities in various ways. Complex system can be stated as consistent way
which is used for diverse and autonomous in nature. It is completely interrelated and have
interdependent components or even parts linked with many connections. Complex system can be
easily described by single rule and have characteristic which is not reducible so one level of the
description (Kavitha & Bagadi, 2018). It comes up with properties that can emerge from
interaction of parts that cannot be predicted from properties of other parts.
Discussion
Complexity of large system cannot be cope up by dividing it into simple pieces because
the piece will themselves become very much numerous. Abstraction can be stated as one of the
most suitable method which is needed for dealing with complicated things (Sánchez-Rodríguez
et al., 2015). Its proper use in architecture design can make the whole thing transparent in nature.
This will merely help in maintaining the overall flexibility for any kind of future change. With
respect to architecture, abstraction is mainly used for simplifying the overall perspective of the
given module which is viewed through interface. The mere focus is all about focusing on the
important overall goals of the required system. This will merely avoid and become a clutter of
unnecessary details. By the help of new media communication and transport of horizon have
become widen to a large extent. Each of the given system aims to solve the present problem but

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together they aim to create new issues for some of the unseen complexity (Saud Khan & Khan,
2016). Intuitively it has become easier for different system to interact and how faster they will
change both collectively and individually.
System engineering has come up with an overall system which is based on complex
engineering system that requires structure, mechanical system and lastly electrical. System
engineering aims to integrate with all the required discipline and programs into the given team
effort for forming a developed structure. The whole thing mainly proceeds from the overall
concept right from production to the state of operation (Guérin et al., 2016). The main focus of
system engineering comprises of both technical needs and business that needed for required by
various customer. The main notion is all about providing a quality product that will meet the
needs of the user. System of System can be stated as collection of system which results in both
independent and useful system that needs to be integrated into the larger one. This is mainly
done so that they can deliver a set of unique capabilities (Kang, Seo, & Kim, 2018). The main
notion of SOS is all about creating a single organization that can be integrated on both internal
and external system. The whole thing serves like a purpose for the given organization.
The whole domain of software engineering becomes challenging nature due to the fact
coalition of software system. User cannot design the overall dependability into coalition as there
is no kind of overall design. In addition, user cannot control the overall behaviour of the system.
Coalition design requires proper kind of protocols which is needed for establishing
communication. Organization making use of coalition is needed for constitute system for overall
communication (Pozo, Geers & Frangi, 2017). Both designers and managers of each of the given
system that will make it robust in nature. It merely tends to highlight the fact that each of the
organization is not threaten by any kind of failure.

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The overall complexity of the system tends to tend depend on large number of factors
like kind of relationship in between their components. There are relatively small number of
relationships that exists in between the environment and system (Lee et al., 2016). Changes can
be noticed which are relative slow over the time so that deterministic model of the system can be
developed. Dynamic relationship is merely inclusive of relationship which tend to exist in
between elements and system. Complexity can be stated as dynamic relationship which tends to
exit in between the various element of system (Elsevier.com. 2019). Coalitions of the given
system that has large elements come up with software system which are complex in nature. Non-
functional and functional behaviour of the system have emerged and it has become impossible to
make prediction.
Software engineer has mainly focused on ways by which there can be reduction and
managing of complexity for inherent complexity. In a single organization there can be control of
element of system where software engineering is found to be very much effective in nature. The
main notion of software engineering is all about building a system so that it does not fail
(Kavitha & Bagadi, 2018). It has ultimately led to overall development of certain number of
methods and tools depending on fault detection. User needs to construction coalition system due
to independently elements which can be managed. It has mainly become impractical in nature for
avoiding any kind of failure. Methods with respect to software and system engineering have aim
to support the overall technical system (Sánchez-Rodríguez et al., 2015). There are many non-
technical factors which has led to development, integration for coalitions of system.
Conclusion
The above pages of the report help in concluding the fact that this report is all about
abstraction. It is method to cope up with complexity of both communication and computer

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system. Due to huge number of developments in the domain of networking, the society has
increasing depend on some of the complex software-based system. Any kind of failure of the
system can have social and economical effect. Social- technical systems that are being used by
organization is merely inclusive of both people and process along with technological system.
This particular process helps the system engineers to understand the design of the system that
how it should be used.

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References
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https://www.elsevier.com/books/cloud-computing/marinescu/978-0-12-812810-7
[Accessed 23 Jun. 2019].
Guérin, P. A., Feix, A., Araújo, M., & Brukner, Č. (2016). Exponential communication
complexity advantage from quantum superposition of the direction of
communication. Physical review letters, 117(10), 100502.
Kang, B. G., Seo, K. M., & Kim, T. G. (2018). Communication analysis of network-centric
warfare via transformation of system of systems model into integrated system model
using neural network. Complexity, 2018.
Kavitha, K. V. N., & Bagadi, K. P. (2018). COMPLEXITY REDUCED CHANNEL
ESTIMATION IN WIMAX ENVIRONMENT FOR MIMO–OFDM SYSTEM. Journal
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Lee, T., Leonardos, N., Saks, M., & Wang, F. (2016). Hellinger volume and number-on-the-
forehead communication complexity. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 82(6),
1064-1074.
Pozo, J. M., Geers, A. J., & Frangi, A. F. (2017, September). Information Theoretic
Measurement of Blood Flow Complexity in Vessels and Aneurysms: Interlacing
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Computer-Assisted Intervention (pp. 233-241). Springer, Cham.
Sánchez-Rodríguez, D., Hernández-Morera, P., Quinteiro, J., & Alonso-González, I. (2015). A
low complexity system based on multiple weighted decision trees for indoor
localization. Sensors, 15(6), 14809-14829.

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Saud Khan, M., & Khan, N. M. (2016). Low complexity signed response based sybil attack
detection mechanism in wireless sensor networks. Journal of Sensors, 2016.