Comprehensive Analysis of Computer Networks & Networking Cables

This report provides a comprehensive overview of computer networks, focusing on key components such as bridges, routers, switches, hubs, NICs, and DSL modems, and their functionalities in facilitating data transfer. It delves into different types of bridge networks, including transparent basic, source routing, transparent learning, and transparent spanning tree bridges, highlighting their operational mechanisms. The report also examines various networking cables like Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP), Shielded Twisted Pair (STP), RJ11, and RJ45, comparing their features, speeds, and applications. The analysis includes detailed comparisons between bridges and routers, UTP and STP cables, and RJ11 and RJ45 connectors, providing insights into their respective advantages and disadvantages in network configurations. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of networks in data sharing and the role of different components and cables in establishing effective communication systems, highlighting the advanced capabilities of RJ45 cables in providing high-speed data transfer.

Computer Networks

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................2
Components of computer networks.......................................................................................................2
Bridge network..................................................................................................................................2
The transparent basic bridge..........................................................................................................3
Source routing bridge....................................................................................................................3
The Transparent Learning Bridge..................................................................................................3
The Transparent Spanning Tree Bridge.........................................................................................4
Router................................................................................................................................................4
Switch................................................................................................................................................4
Hubs..................................................................................................................................................5
Network Interface Cards (NICs)........................................................................................................6
DSL modem......................................................................................................................................6
Comparison between Bridge and router.............................................................................................8
Networking Cables................................................................................................................................8
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable...............................................................................................8
Shielded twisted pair.........................................................................................................................9
Comparison between UTP and STP..................................................................................................9
RJ11 cable.........................................................................................................................................9
RJ45 cable.......................................................................................................................................10
Comparison between RJ11 and RJ45...............................................................................................11
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................11
References...........................................................................................................................................12

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Introduction
A computer network is defined as a data system which is a part of digital
telecommunication that provides nodes to transfer data. It uses many network devices by
which users can transfer their data from one location to another and each system connected
by data links (Ahmed, et al., 2016). The main goal of this report is to understand the
fundamental concept of computer networks and various kinds of network cables. Nodes can
involve various hosts, for example, phones, personal computer systems, and networking
hardware. This report divided into two parts, for example, computer network and network
cables (Arslan, Sundaresan, & Rangarajan, 2015).
Components of computer networks
A processor network is an arrangement of computer systems and various hardware plans
which are associated together by using communication systems. There are main two
components used in computer networks such as transmitter and receiver and users can share
their information from one computer devices to other (Conti, & Giordano, 2014). There are
many components uses in any computer networks which are following
 Bridge
 Router
 DSL Modem
 Switch
 Network interface card
 Hub (De, Juliani, & De, 2017).
Bridge network
A bridge is defined as a computer network which is used to produce interconnection
between two or more peripheral devices like computer devices and mobile phones. These
devices work at the layer of the open system interconnection model and the main purpose of
this system is to connect two computer devices. This type of network can be used to
broadcast data or information to every node. Moreover, the bridge network can maintain the
process of MAC by which users can share their data in less time. It is also called as layer 2
switch that provides a platform where consumers can connect with their peripheral devices. It
is a forward packet which is destined for all other computer networks. The main drawback of

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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this device is that the data speed is very low by which it is not popular rather than other
computer networks.
Figure: Bridge network
(Source: Conti, & Giordano, 2014)
There are mainly four types of bridge available on the market, for example, source
routing bridge, transparent learning, transparent spanning bridge, and transparent basic
The transparent basic bridge
It is very simple and easy to handle or control and the main purpose of this bridge is
to store traffic units. In which these traffic signal transfer to all ports and users can share their
data from any port and main limitation of this system is that it does not perform any
conversion process (De, Gabriel, & Margi, 2015).
Source routing bridge
In this type of system, the internet speed is measured by using the inventor of the
traffic unit and the routing information field collect information about the route. The main
purpose of the routing system is to send nodes from one device to another (Engel, et al.,
2015).
The Transparent Learning Bridge
It is used to determine the location of any user with the help of basis and destination
address and when any edge of the node is conventional at the edge of the bridge then it

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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identifies the address of source (Engel, et al., 2015). The basis address is also collected by the
field of routing and if extra node is reached then store data transfer into another routing table.
The Transparent Spanning Tree Bridge
In this type of connection network subnets are used to produce a free operation loop
for users. In spanning tree system the established node is checked through the link in a given
way and address of any destination is patterned by steering table (Engel, et al., 2015).
Router
A Router is a tool that routes material letters in view of their IP addresses. The switch
is essentially a Network Layer. It interfaces LANs and WANs together and has a
progressively stimulating directing table in view of which they settle on steering. The main
advantage of this computer network is that it discrete communicates areas of hosts and
servers.
Figure: Router
(Source: Conti, & Giordano, 2014)
Switch
A switch is a multi-port system with a cradle and an outline that can help its
effectiveness and performance. It is used to connect information with layer devices. The
switch can perform blunder checking before sending information that makes it exceptionally
effective as it doesn't forward bundles that have mistaken and forward great parcels
specifically to amend port as it were (Gupta, 2016).

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Figure: Switch
(Source: Conti, & Giordano, 2014)
Hubs
It is a type of computer network which is a very simple and low-cost process to
communicate with computer devices. It is observed that by using four to five small hubs users
can generate a low-level computer network for communication purpose
(Kumar, Zeadally, & Misra, 2016). To connect two or more hubs with computer system
various types of data cables are used like RJ11 and RJ45.
Figure: Hubs
(Source: Kumar, Zeadally, & Misra, 2016)

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Network Interface Cards (NICs)
It is also called a network card which is a process to connect to or more computer
network at a time. There are many types of NIC developed which are low cost and it
improved the performance of network devices (Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017). In which three LED
lights are used to indicates a certain condition like link light, speed light, and a speed light.
Figure: NIC
(Source: Conti, & Giordano, 2014)
DSL modem
DSL is defined as digital subscriber line which is used to interconnect computer and
communication lines (Lu, Niyato, Wang, Kim, & Han, 2015). The main benefit of this
computer network is that it can provide digital subscriber services to consumers. This is also
called as DSL broadband and it uses various types of the port such as USB, and Ethernet port
to connect two or more computing devices.

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Figure: DSL Modem
(Source: Conti, & Giordano, 2014)
Therefore, people can develop a computer network by using all these components and
users can share their information from one computer to another. For example, users can
connect the bridge with routers and DSL models are interconnects with NIC.
Figure: sample of computer networks
(Source: Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017)

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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To connect two or more component people uses data links and address of any
resource store into routing tables.
Comparison between Bridge and router
Networking Cables
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
It is a type of twisted pair which is used in telephonic wires and local area networks.
UTP cables involve coaxial and fibre optics cables to connect two or more network devices
(Puiu, et al., 2016). There are main two advantages of this cable, for example, low cost and
simple to install. In which two individual connecting wires are twisted around each other with
the help of plastic. This is done to decrease distortion and losses in the communication
system.
Category Speed Use
1 1 Mbps Voice Only (Telephone Wire)
2 4 Mbps Local Talk & Telephone (Rarely used)
3 16 Mbps 10BaseT Ethernet
4 20 Mbps Token Ring (Rarely used)
5
100 Mbps (2 pairs) 100BaseT Ethernet
1000 Mbps (4 pairs) Gigabit Ethernet

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5e 1,000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
6 10,000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
Shielded twisted pair
It is a special type of copper connecting cable which is used for installation purpose.
In which outer shielded is added to the pair of twisted telephone cables and shield work as a
ground for any network device (Willoughby, & Zappe, 2017). The size of STP cable is
around 6 meter and it provides 1 Gbps data speed. It is observed that this is very low in price
and cost of one roll of this cable is around 8000/ roll.
Comparison between UTP and STP
RJ11 cable
It refers to a registered jack which is used to interconnect voice and data systems and
the main advantage of this telecommunication cable is that it can be used for long-distance
communication. RJ11 is a high-speed data cable and it is very cheap in cost and this cable is
available into various sizes like in meter, and feet (Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017).

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Figure: RJ11 cable
(Source: Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017)
RJ45 cable
It is defined as a connector which is for Ethernet networking purpose. It is very
similar to a telephone jack but the main difference is that it is very large in size. RJ45 is a
standardized networking system and it has 8 pins which are connected to two separate data
links (Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017).
Figure: RJ45 cable
(Source: Xu, Wang, & Su, 2017)
The size of this cable is around 14 feet and it is very costly rather than rj11 cable. The
main benefit of this networking cable is that it can transfer 1 Gb per second data.

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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Comparison between RJ11 and RJ45
Conclusion
In the field of computer science, networks play an important role because they
provide a path to share data or information. There are various kinds of the network system,
for example, a bridge, router, switch, hubs, DSL modem, and NIC network which are
explained in this report. Many organizations use all these network components for
communication purpose and users can transfer information over a long distance. This report
described different types of networking cables that interconnect two or more peripheral
devices and RJ45 cable is one of advanced networking cable that provides 1 Gbps speed.
Therefore people should adopt wired and wireless networks as per application and cables can
be used to connect two or more computing devices.

Running Head: COMPUTER NETWORKS
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References
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Magazine, 53(1), 150-156.
Conti, M., & Giordano, S. (2014). Mobile ad hoc networking: milestones, challenges, and
new research directions. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(1), 85-96.
De Barros, E., Juliani, F., & de Camargo, L. R. (2017). Experimental facilities for modal
testing. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 89(2), 358-363.
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controllers for software-defined wireless sensor networks. IEEE Latin America
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Engel, S. P., Stieneker, M., Soltau, N., Rabiee, S., Stagge, H., & De Doncker, R. W. (2015).
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converter for power conversion in HVDC and MVDC grids. IEEE Transactions on
Power Electronics, 30(1), 124-137.
Gupta, S. (2016). A Comparative Analysis of Wired and Wireless Network
Architecture. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Research, 1(1), 05-11.
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management in smart grid cyber-physical systems. IEEE Wireless
Communications, 23(5), 100-108.
Lu, X., Niyato, D., Wang, P., Kim, D. I., & Han, Z. (2015). Wireless charger networking for
mobile devices: Fundamentals, standards, and applications. IEEE Wireless
Communications, 22(2), 126-135.

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Puiu, D., Barnaghi, P., Tönjes, R., Kümper, D., Ali, M. I., Mileo, A., & Gao, F. (2016).
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