Comprehensive Literature Review: Computers, Servers, and Networking

This literature review examines the critical roles of computers, servers, and networking in modern technology and artificial intelligence. It begins by discussing the impact of computers on daily life, their applications across various fields, and the potential drawbacks of overuse. The review then focuses on servers, explaining their functions, different types (including blade, cloud, and application servers), and the benefits they offer, such as resource sharing, data security, and virus protection. The importance of networking for IT infrastructures, data exchange, and resource sharing is also detailed, highlighting its benefits, such as virtual data storage and reduced errors, as well as its drawbacks, including security risks and potential for over-reliance on technology. The review references several academic sources to support its arguments, providing a comprehensive overview of these interconnected technologies.

Literature Review
Report
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Literature review .............................................................................................................................3
Computers ...................................................................................................................................3
Server and its importance............................................................................................................4
Networking..................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................7
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LITERATURE REVIEW
The section of literature review is considered as very important chapter in any study.
Furthermore, it supports the researcher and scholar to gain in-depth knowledge about a topic
which is investigated. The reason why this section is termed as important is that it explores the
work and views of other researchers regrading a particular topic of study. In the present literature
review, the researcher has laid emphasis on three major areas which are computers, servers and
networking.
Computers
According to the view of Ramos, Augusto and Shapiro [1], in the present scenario,
computers have completely changed the living of human and now it is almost impossible to think
about a life which is the without computers. Along with the passage of time, the significance of
computers in human life has also grown to a great extent. The use of computers has resulted in
making life of people much comfortable and easier. Along with this, they have also rendered
people with opportunity ton connect with other individuals which are living miles away.
However, it can be argued that the excess use of computer has resulted in affecting life of people
in negative sense. Nowadays, in majority of office employees are using computers for long
hours. It can be also expressed that human being are getting more and more dependent to
computers and this can become a major threat to their life in the future.
Wu and Sun [2] has explained that in the modern era, computers have become a very
important part of society and now they are being used in almost every field. The use of
computers has allowed people to carry out or perform their task easily and in more effective
manner. In addition to this, the technological tool has also resulted in saving time and efforts
which are required to carry out a particular task. On the other side of this Satyanarayanan and
et.al. [3] has argued that computers has emerged as the biggest threat to entire society as they
have created high level of unemployment.
Now majority of task or activities can be easily carried out with the help of computers
and this has lower down the need of individuals or people in the society to perform any activity.
The emergence of computers has provided a very potential platform to people which are in the
field of software design and developing various applications. People in the market are able to
perform different kind of financial activities with the help of computers. As per the view of
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nowadays individuals are spent 6- 8 hours working at computers and this resulted in several
aches related to body and head. People often witness high level of back pains at the time of
working on computers. Bhaskar and Ahamed, [4] stated that computers are offering various
kinds of benefits to people but there usage should be done to a certain extent only. People can
use computers as and when they are required but investing more than required time will start
affecting health of people in negative sense or way.
Server and its importance
In simpler terms, server can be termed as an effective computer program which provides
services to other related to computer program. Furthermore, the program run on a computer
devices and it is termed as server. In other word server is considered as an instance of different
computer programs that respond and accept the thing which are being requested by other
programs which are often termed as client. As per the view of Von Laszewski and et.al. [5]
server has become very important in present scenario as they are being used to carrying out the
management of entire network resources. It can be expressed that some servers are specially
designed to perform a particular task or activities and thus they are considered as dedicated.
Some example of dedicated server includes database server, network server and print server.
On the other side of this, it can be argued that there are some servers which only deals
with few activities such as FTP and emails. In terms of classification, it can be asserted that there
are various forms into which servers can be classified. This includes blade server, cloud server,
proxy server, application server, web server etc. The use of application server provides people
with an opportunity where they can run several kinds of applications irrespective of their usage
and functions. Furthermore, application server also have capacity to run applications which are
entirely based on web. Sakamura and Koshizuka, [6] has explained that in the present scenario,
the use of server can provide individuals and businesses with several kinds of advantages.
One of the most important benefit which has been provided by servers is that it supports
in sharing of resources in the best possible manner. The use of server results in smooth
functioning of all activities and operations of a computer and also support people to overcome
issues associated with loss of data due to spyware and any kind of viruses. Another important
benefits which is offered by server is the security related to network and file. The use of server
provides businesses with the best level of security and therefore supports in data protection.
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Increasing reliability and management of virus is another important benefit which has been
offered by server. As per the view of Dillon, Wu and Chang, [7] In the present scenario, one of
the greatest threat to any computer or data is related to viruses. Therefore, with the help of server
virus protection, management of virus can be carried out easily and effectively. However, Gong,
and et.al. [8] has argued that one of the most difficult tasks for people or businesses is to find out
which one is the right server. The selection of wrong server can results in creating various kinds
of obstacles in smooth functioning and operation of system. Some other benefits of server
includes adding seamless connectivity, improving collaboration in system and development of
automated backup systems.
Networking
In the present scenario, networking has become very important for IT infrastructures and
entire intern. According to Jacobson and et.al. [9] networking can be defined as a network of
telecommunication which supports in exchanging data or information between different
computers. Networking supports and play very important role in sharing various type of
information and resources from one particular system to another. Networking is very important
for IT infrastructures as with its supports files can be developed in one computer and it can be
accessed from other computers with the help of creating a network.
It can be stated that there are various types of hardware required in order to carry out the
task of networking. This includes routers, network cables, external and internal network cards
and distributors. One of the most important benefits which has been offered by networking is that
it allows person to store information virtually and access the same from any other system which
has been connected with network. Trusov, Bucklin and Pauwels [10] has explained that
networking also play very important role in combining power the capabilities of various systems.
However, it can be argued that networking sometimes creates difficulties in ensuring security
related to systems.
The rationale behind this is that networking allows people to share large number of files
and information and this means that security of data is at very high risk. The chances of carrying
out illegal and wrong activities also increases through networking and therefore people are
required to take care of the same. It can be stated that the use of networking results in providing
convenience sharing of resources and due to this purpose, it can be termed as very important in
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the present scenario. Specially in context of large and multinational organizations, networking is
very beneficial as it results in developing large amount of data and share the same with people in
organization. Along with this, as it is a computer based work, the chances of omission and errors
also gets reduced. According to Dwyer, Hiltz and Passerini, [11] carrying out the process of
networking also not require large amount of funds or finances and this is another major benefit of
the same. Parties or people are just required to ensure that they posses an effective system upon
which the process of networking can be carried out easily.
On the other side of this, it can be expressed that networking results in lack of
independence and this can be considered as another drawback of networking. The reason behind
this is networking encourages people to start relying more on computers and systems instead of
relying on themselves. Furthermore, the use of effective network of computer always offer
individuals with more effective and fast way to share a particular data or information with others.
This means that they start getting more and more dependent towards technology and systems. It
can be stated that people or parties are required to become aware of several consequences of
networking and need to ensure that they do not always relies of the same.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
1. Ramos, C., Augusto, J.C. and Shapiro, D., 2008. Ambient intelligence—the next step for
artificial intelligence. IEEE Intelligent Systems. 23(2). pp.15-18.
2. Wu, M. and Sun, X.H., 2006. Grid harvest service: a performance system of grid
computing. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing. 66(10). pp.1322-1337.
3. Satyanarayanan, M. and et.al., 2009. The case for vm-based cloudlets in mobile
computing. IEEE pervasive Computing. 8(4). pp.14-23.
4. Bhaskar, P. and Ahamed, S.I., 2007, April. Privacy in pervasive computing and open issues.
In Availability, Reliability and Security, 2007. ARES 2007. The Second International Conference
on (pp. 147-154). IEEE.
5. Von Laszewski and et.al., 2012, June. Comparison of multiple cloud frameworks. In Cloud
Computing (CLOUD), 2012 IEEE 5th International Conference on(pp. 734-741). IEEE.
6. Sakamura, K. and Koshizuka, N., 2005, November. Ubiquitous computing technologies for
ubiquitous learning. In IEEE International Workshop on Wireless an d Mobile Technologies in
Education (WMTE'05) (pp. 11-20). IEEE.
7. Dillon, T., Wu, C. and Chang, E., 2010, April. Cloud computing: issues and challenges.
In 2010 24th IEEE international conference on advanced information networking and
applications (pp. 27-33). Ieee.
8. Gong, C. and et.al., 2010, September. The characteristics of cloud computing. In 2010 39th
International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (pp. 275-279). IEEE.
9. .Jacobson, V. and et.al., 2009, December. Networking named content. In Proceedings of the
5th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies(pp. 1-12).
ACM.
10. Trusov, M., Bucklin, R.E. and Pauwels, K., 2009. Effects of word-of-mouth versus
traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site.Journal of marketing.
73(5). pp.90-102.
11. Dwyer, C., Hiltz, S. and Passerini, K., 2007. Trust and privacy concern within social
networking sites: A comparison of Facebook and MySpace. AMCIS 2007 proceedings, p.339.
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