COIT20246 Assignment: Exploring Computing and Networking Concepts

This assignment for COIT20246 requires students to research and analyze various aspects of computing and networking. The tasks cover a wide range of topics, including the contributions of Alan Turing to modern computing architecture, the invention of the Unix operating system by Ken Thompson, the evolution of the internet, the features and uses of the Frame Relay protocol, and the activities of the famous hacker Gary McKinnon. Additionally, students are tasked with researching and summarizing a future networking technology. Each task requires a summary of a chosen resource, emphasizing the importance of proper citation and avoiding direct copying. The assignment aims to assess students' understanding of key concepts and their ability to synthesize information from various sources. The student has provided detailed summaries of each resource, covering the key points and their relevance to the task, demonstrating a clear understanding of the subject matter.

COIT 20246 ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION
Due date: Thursday Week 11 (2PM AEST)
Part: Written Assessment
Weighting: 30% of total assessment.
Submission: Electronic (see course website for details)
Instructions
It will be necessary to use literature/online resources to complete this
assignment, please ensure you cite and reference any such materials using
the Harvard format.
DO NOT copy content directly from either the text or Internet resources: this
assignment is to be in your own words. You will lose marks if you do not
use your own words!
Please complete your assignment using this submission template file,
inserting your responses where indicated.
DO NOT delete the marking criteria page – changes are permitted to the
formatting of other pages including the headers and footers.
Please fill in the following details:
Student Name
Student Number

Tasks
There are ten (10) tasks, one for each week: the tasks are detailed below. There is a
table to complete for each task. Please fill in the information required.
Note: Each resource summary should be around 200-300 words.
Week 1
The text discusses the elements of modern computing architecture however is largely silent
on the individuals who played a role in its development. Find and summarise a resource that
describes ONE such individual. The individual should have had a significant influence on the
development of computers and/or components of modern computing architecture.
Title and Reference:
Alan Turing – Father Of Modern Computer
APA Reference - Cooper, S. B., & Van Leeuwen, J. (Eds.). (2013). Alan Turing: His work and
impact. Elsevier.
Hodges, A. (2012). Alan Turing: the enigma. Random House.
URL : http://www.rutherfordjournal.org/article040101.html
Summary :
The resource talks about the role which an individual played in the development of
modern computing architecture (Cooper & Van Leeuwen, 2013). The individual
concerned is Alan Turing, who is regarded as the father of modern computing. The
content of the resource clearly states the evolution which modern computers had done
in the lives of people. Turing showed that the modern computer could carry out any
task through the means of a Rote method. Nowadays many people possess ways to
realize the Turing Machine. Alan Turing had thought of an idea to set up one shop for
computing machine.
Reason for selecting this resource is that the information available in the resource
provides all the relevant information required for the completion of this task. The
content portrays how necessary changes were brought up in the modern computing
structure which were not there in the original set up. Alan Turing ensured that his
created machine had limitless memory where both data and instructions could get
stored.
The main points discussed in the resource are :
i) The modern computing architecture designed by Alan Turing ensured that the
created machine could get any task accomplished by following the Rote method.
ii) Turing aimed to create a one-stop-shop for computing
iii) Insertion of different programs into the memory was started off with the modern
computing architecture.
The resource was useful because the resource provided all the information related to
the task in a crisp and clear manner. The man who was behind the development of
modern computing architecture was talked about in detail.

Week 2
The text discusses the components and activities of operating systems however is largely
silent on the individuals who played a role in their development. Find and summarise a
resource that describes ONEsuch individual. The individual should have had a significant
influence on the writing or development of operating systems.
Title and Reference:
Ken Thompson – Inventor Of Unix Operating System.
Harvard Reference - McPherson, T., 2013. US operating systems at mid-century. Race after the
Internet.
Lam, M., 2015. Data structures and Algorithms.
Mishra, A. and Dixit, A.M., 2013. A Secure Software Engineering Perspective.
URL - https://www.unixmen.com/ken-thompson-unix-systems-father/
Summary:
The resource talks about an individual named Ken Thompson, who was the man
behind the invention of operating system, Unix. Even after more than three decades
since the discovery, Unix is considered as one of the best computer operating systems
to have ever got developed.
The resource was selected purely because information related to an individual,
responsible for inventing an operating system has been written in a detailed manner
(McPherson 2013). This resource provides details on Kenneth Thompson who had
worked in Bell Systems and later on decided to invent the operating system Unix
during the year 1969 (Lam 2015).
The main points or key information covered in the resource are :
a) The move had brought about change and ensured the future success for the
operating system as the development had made UNIX portable.
b) 1969 was the year when Kenneth Thompson launched the UNIX operating
system.
c) 1972 was the year when Kenneth had rewritten UNIX operating system in
programming language C.
d) Necessary developments were brought on for the operating system in the year 1970.
The resource was useful as relevant information pertaining to the task in hand could
be gathered. The requirement of the task was to talk of an individual who had a major
role to play in the invention of the UNIX Operating System and also contribute to a
great extent in bringing forth necessary developments (Mishra and Dixit 2013).
Through the help of this invention, the operating system would develop further and
enhance the reach for people looking to utilize the opportunity to enjoy the benefits.

Week 3
The Internet didn’t just appear – it was an evolution from earlier networks. Find and
summarise a resource that describes ONEof the networks that led to the development of the
modern Internet.
Title and Reference:
Internet And The Related Networks
Harvard Reference - Dorogovtsev, S.N. and Mendes, J.F., 2013. Evolution of networks: From
biological nets to the Internet and WWW. OUP Oxford.
Khan, R., Khan, S.U., Zaheer, R. and Khan, S., 2012, December. Future internet: the internet
of things architecture, possible applications and key challenges. In Frontiers of Information
Technology (FIT), 2012 10th International Conference on (pp. 257-260).IEEE..
https://www.internetsociety.org/internet/history-internet/brief-history-internet-related-
networks
Summary:
The resource talks about the evolution of internet from other related networks over a
period of time. The content provided in the resource talks about how US Defence
ARPA or Advanced Research Projects Agency had conducted a research for
investigation of various kinds of techniques and related technologies. The resource
mentions the objective of Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency was to frame
certain protocols for communications which would allow connected computers to
communicate in a transparent manner across numerous packet networks which are
linked.
Reason for selecting this resource is that the resource clearly talks about how the
internet developed over time through the related networks and the impact this
evolution had on mankind. The content provides information regarding a development
that took place in the year 1986, when National Science Foundation had taken the
initiative to develop NSFNET which, in this present scenario acts as communication
service’s backbone for the internet.
The main points discussed in the resource are :
i) The resource discusses about how internet got evolved from other networks
ii) The content also provided relevant information regarding the protocols followed by
Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency, like TCP/IP which later went on to
become the same protocols followed by Internet.
iii) The resource provides details on every single step followed for the evolution of
internet.
The resource was useful because all the relevant and related information for the
accomplishment of task in hand to get covered and provide the details regarding how
the internet had evolved and taken the world by the scruff of the neck.

Week 4
Ethernet is an example of a Layer Two (L2) data link protocol that is discussed in the text.
Find and summarise a resource that describes the features and uses of ONE other L2
protocol that is not discussed in the text (i.e. NOT Ethernet).
Title and Reference:
Frame Relay – A Major Layer Two Data Link Protocol
Harvard Reference - Pan, R., Chua, D., Pathmasuntharam, J.S. and Xu, Y.P., 2015. An
opportunistic relay protocol with dynamic scheduling in wireless body area sensor
network. IEEE Sensors Journal, 15(7), pp.3743-3750.
Jones, L.W., Verizon Services Corp., 2012. Protocol inter-worked ping mechanism. U.S.
Patent 8,279,759.
URL - http://searchenterprisewan.techtarget.com/definition/frame-relay
Summary:
The resource talks about the details regarding one of the major layer two data link
protocols, Frame Relay. The content provided in the resource talks in detail about the
features and uses of Frame Relay.
The resource was selected because explanations related to the features and uses of
Frame Relay have been provided, which ultimately fulfils the requirement of the task
through the vivid explanations of all the relevant details and information. The content
talks about each and every detail of how the protocol functions, what do they contain
and all other stuffs.
The features of Frame Relay Protocol are :
i) This kind of protocol puts data in units of different sizes known as frames and
hence leave required error connection till the end, thereby speeding up total
transmission of data.
ii) Frame Relay refers to a fast packet technology, which means that the protocol does
not try to rectify the errors.
iii) This unique telecommunication service is particularly designed transferring data
in a cost-effective way to traffic of irregular intervals between different local area
networks.
The different uses of Frame Relay Network are :
i) This type of network is used to connect as well as on wide area networks.
ii) Frame Relay Data is used for speeding up overall data transmission.
iii) Frame Relay looks to complement and provides mid range service between ISDN
iv) In order to let Frame Relay WAN to send data, Data Terminal Equipment and
Data Circulating are required.
The resource was useful because the content relevant to the task had been provided
with all the bases covered. The features and uses required for the task are upto the
mark.

Week 5
The text mentions the role of hackers in attacks on networked infrastructure. Find and
summarise a resource that describes ONE famous or well-known hacker.
Title and Reference:
Gary McKinnon – The Hacker Who Shook The Wolrd.
Harvard Reference : Eve, M.P., 2016. Passwords: An Abridged and Discontinuous Cultural
History.
Rizvanovic, A., Cyber-‐Attacks Will Result in Armed Conflicts in the 21 st
Century. Discuss
WEISS, K.J. and WESTPHAL, A.R., 2015. Autism Spectrum Disorder and
Criminal Justice. Psychiatric Expert Testimony: Emerging Applications.
URL : http://fourthkind.com/ufo-hacker-gary-mckinnon-story/
Summary:
The resource deals with a famous hacker, named Gary McKinnon, who had hacked
into the database of NASA other government agencies for accumulating evidence on
UFO (Ledingham and Mills 2015). The resource gives a brief overview of the hacker
regarding his nationality and background, from where the information can be gathered
that he is a part-time IT technician and stays in the United Kingdom. The information
provided in the resource talks about how McKinnon had single handedly broken
through into the computer networks of US Navy, Air Force, US Army, Pentagon and
of course offices of NASA (Anto 2012).
The main reason behind selecting this resource is because, the content deals with the
information which is relevant with the task in hand. The requirement of the task is to
describe one famous or well-known hacker and this resource provides exactly that.
This has enough information to fulfil all the requirements.
The main points covered in the resource are :
i) Gary McKinnon, a famous hacker is a citizen of UK and he is a part-time technician
of IT .
ii) He has hacked into the systems of US Government Agenices and also into the
databases of NASA.
iii) He is known to have hacked into a total of 97 computers for 5 government
agencies.
The resource was useful because all the relevant information pertaining to the
completion of task was present. Detailed explanation of how McKinnon managed to
hack into the databases of US Government agencies, have been explained.

Week 6
Society is increasingly reliant on networks and network technologies but they are evolving at
a rapid pace. Find and summarise a resource that describes ONE example of a future
networking technology or trend that will impact society.
Title and Reference
Future Of Mobile And The Revolutionary Impact.
Harvard Reference - Fettweis, G. and Alamouti, S., 2014. 5G: Personal mobile internet
beyond what cellular did to telephony. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(2), pp.140-145.
Sarwar, M. and Soomro, T.R., 2013. Impact of smartphone’s on society. European journal of
scientific research, 98(2), pp.216-226.
URL - https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesinsights/2016/11/04/the-future-of-mobile-
5g-networks-and-their-revolutionary-impact-on-business/#493c5e5e126f
Summary:
The resource talks about the future of mobile technology and the impact they are
going to have on business in time to come. The content in the resource deals with
details regarding the advent of 5G Mobile technology which is set to revolutionize the
impact which the mobile technology will have on the society.
The main reason behind selecting this resource is due to the relevance of content
displayed, which has served the purpose of the task in hand and provide details
regarding how the new technology will change the way people look into this world.
Businesses would be advanced with improved technology and change the way people
live, play and work. 5G connections are all set to deliver ultra-low latency, massive
number of connections and super-high thoroughout.
The main points covered in the resource are :
i) The mobile connections have changed the way people lead their lives.
ii) Mobile connections have revolutionized the way people grab the opportunities
presented by the new technological innovations.
iii) The introduction of 5G networks in the next decade are all set to provide
opportunities for building value for firms on a variety of industries affecting business
operations, Economics of Profit and Loss, revenue models and valuations of asset.
iv) Growing organizations have started to anticipate the effect of the technological
advancement and also creating long-term plans to realize value, let shareholders to
buy-in and provide information.
The resource was useful because the information accumulated had relevance and has
served the purpose of the task in hand.

Week 7
The text mentions social business and the impact of the use of social networking platforms.
Find and summarise a resource that describes the history of the development of ONE such
social media platform.
Title and Reference:
Facebook And The History Of Development
Harvard Reference - . Kasemsap, K., 2017. Mastering social media in the modern business
world. In Social media listening and monitoring for business applications (pp. 18-44). IGI
Global.
Sinkovics, N., Sinkovics, R.R. and Yamin, M., 2014. The role of social value creation in business
model formulation at the bottom of the pyramid–implications for MNEs?. International Business
Review, 23(4), pp.692-707.
URL - https://www.forbes.com/sites/moneywisewomen/2012/08/08/the-developing-
role-of-social-media-in-the-modern-business-world/#270d27e56fd6
Summary:
Social Media, despite being a fresh phenomena, still this has become an integral part
through which businesses look to grow customers by reaching out to them through
their marketing strategies. The resource elaborates about the need for businesses to
have strong social media presence apart from grabbing the attention in traditional
marketplace. The fact that the resource talks about fulfilling the objectives of an
organization through digital means is equally important as compared to traditional
marketing strategies goes to show that the importance of social media presence is
paramount.
The main reason behind selecting this resource is that the resource vividly describes
how a social media platform helps businesses to grow as people are more engaged in
facebook and other social media channels and they are aware of the presence of
different companies through different facebook pages, through which they can
interact with their cutomers (Sinkovics, Sinkovics and Yamin 2014). Businesses use
their facebook pages for getting their products marketed, provide certain offers and
also help build brands.
The main points covered are about the changing trends for the world of business, how
important existence of businesses in social media is, has also been depicted through
the resource.
The resource was useful because they had highlighted different social media
platforms and their respective contribution towards making businesses digitally
sound. Talking of one platform would be facebook, where businesses maintain their
respective pages to attract the attention of customers and communicate with them on
personal levels (Kasemsap 2017).

Week 8
With the advent of mass data collection and storage has come data mining. Find and
summarise a resource that describes ONE example where data mining has been used
successfully by a business. You should not use any examples covered in the textbook.
Title and Reference:
Amazon – Organization Which Has Successfully Used Big Data.
Harvard References - Berinsky, A.J., Huber, G.A. and Lenz, G.S., 2012. Evaluating online labor
markets for experimental research: Amazon. com's Mechanical Turk. Political Analysis, 20(3),
pp.351-368.
Hashem, I.A.T., Yaqoob, I., Anuar, N.B., Mokhtar, S., Gani, A. and Khan, S.U., 2015. The rise
of “big data” on cloud computing: Review and open research issues. Information Systems, 47,
pp.98-115.
URL - https://www.smartdatacollective.com/lessons-how-amazon-uses-big-data/
Summary:
The resource talks about how data mining has been used effectively by Amazon,
which is a E-Commerce and Cloud Computing Company. Data Mining is nothing but
the practice through which the already existing databases are examined, so as to
generate new information (Berinsky, Huber and Lenz 2012). The resource provides
the details regarding the expertise shown by Amazon by handling big data in an
effective manner over a period of years.
The reason for selecting this resource is that the content available in the article suits
the task and help to fulfil the requirements. The resource emphasizes on the fact how
the global giant has successfully gathered data, analyse and then implement analytics
of those data. Through the extensive analysis of data, the company has only used
them for their own purpose but also helped others in effectively leveraging data and
thereby let them enjoy the benefits (Hashem et al. 2015).
The main points covered in the resource are :
i) Accumulation of big data is not an easy job
ii) A whole lot of expertise and understanding are required on how to use big data in
an effective manner to yield the desired results through extensive analysis.
iii) Amazon, the global giant and leader in technology innovation has used big data in
a very effective manner
The resource was useful because the resource has highlighted the effects of data
mining and how Amazon has accumulated data for serving their own purpose and also
help others in delivering useful and effective services.

Week 9
One of the greatest success stories in application development in recent times has been the
popularity of mobile apps. Find and summarise a resource that describes the story of ONE
successful mobile app developer.
Title and Reference:
Success Story Of Jan Koum – Founder of WhatsApp
Harvard Reference - Ndedi, A. and Kingsley, K.M., 2017. Understanding How Failing a Job
Interview May Be a Source of Innovation: The Case of WhatsApp Founders. In Managing
Knowledge and Innovation for Business Sustainability in Africa (pp. 83-92). Springer
International Publishing.
Olson, P., 2015. The rags-to-riches tale of how Jan Koum built WhatsApp into Facebook’s
new $19 billion baby.
URL - http://www.rediff.com/money/slide-show/slide-show-1-special-tech-the-amazing-
success-story-of-whatsapps-architect-jan-koum/20140220.htm#1
Summary:
The resource talks about the successful development of the most popular app in this
present generation, WhatsApp which was developed by Jan Koum in the year 2009.
Through this resource, all relevant information regarding how the app got developed
and over time, the way the app has captured everyone’s attention and become a
massive success, has been accumulated (Ndedi and Kingsley 2017).
The reason behind selecting this resource is because, the content is relevant and deals
with information regarding an app, which is a household name for everyone who has
an Android phone with him or her. This resource provides information related to the
founder Jan Koum, who rose above all the rejections he had faced in corporate world
and founded an app, which has done wonders for the world (Olson 2015).
The main points discussed in the resource are :
i) Jan Koum developed WhatsApp in the year 2009 and after they got acquired by
Facebook in 2014, the developer had become a billionaire.
ii) Koum has a stake of 45% in the company
iii) The resource gives an overview of the incredible journey which Koum had gone
through
The usefulness of the resource comes from the fact that all the relevant information
regarding an individual, Jan Koum in this case, is discussed who provides an
incredible success story through the development of most popular app in recent times,
WhatsApp

Week 10
While information systems and technology deliver many benefits to society, they can also
result in (sometimes inadvertent) negative effects and outcomes. Find and summarise a
resource that describes ONE example of where the use of an information system or
technology has led to negative consequences for humans.
Title and Reference:
Negative Effects Of Technology On Humans
Harvard Reference : Maurino, D.E., Reason, J., Johnston, N. and Lee, R.B., 2017. Beyond
aviation human factors: Safety in high technology systems. Routledge.
Dong, G., Hu, Y., Lin, X. and Lu, Q., 2013. What makes Internet addicts continue playing
online even when faced by severe negative consequences? Possible explanations from an
fMRI study. Biological psychology, 94(2), pp.282-289.
URL : http://myessaypoint.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-our-lives
Summary:
The resource talks about the adverse effects which technology usage has had on
mankind. Internet is regarded as technology in true sense of the term but on actual
front, internet is just one aspect of the technology that people come across in their
daily walks of life. Everything that is seen in and around people are in some way or
the other bound by technology (Maurino et al. 2017). Technology has surely eased the
lifestyle for people but they have resulted in having adverse effects on mankind. The
impacts have had led to dire consequences for human beings.
The reason behind selecting this resource is that the resource provides all the
information relevant for completing this task in the desired manner. The numerous
side effects of technology portrayed through the resource has emphasized on the fact
that the benefits acquired through usage of technology have been overshadowed by
the negative impacts they have had on people and the environment as a whole (Dong
et al. 2013).
The main points or key information covered in the resource are :
i) Usage of technology has led to the depletion of natural resources, which have come
for a great expense to the environment.
ii) Manufacturing of products in an irresponsible manner has led to the pollution of
air, water , land and filled them up with toxic substances
The resource was useful because all the relevant information regarding the task in
hand has been gathered and used in the best possible way to complete the task.