Congress and the Executive Branch Pre-Spanish American War Report

This report examines the dynamic relationship between the Congress and the Executive Branch in the United States before the Spanish-American War in 1898. It investigates the development of executive leadership, focusing on how presidents pursued international relations and projected force, while also considering the restrictions imposed by Congress. The report highlights the influence of figures like George Washington and Alexander Hamilton in establishing executive leadership and financial structures, as well as the impact of presidential policies on non-interventionism. It further discusses how Congress exerted its authority through financial control, defense powers, and historical examples, such as the abolitionist movement, demonstrating the interplay between the two branches. The analysis emphasizes the impact of this relationship on American culture and foreign policy, offering insights into the balance of power and its implications for the nation's role on the world stage. The report concludes that the dynamics between the Congress and the Executive Branch had a great impact on the United States.

Running head: CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
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1CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................4
Discussion..................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................8
Reference List .........................................................................................................................10

2CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
Introduction
During the year 1898, there rose a severe battle between United States with that of Spain. The
famous President in the name of William McKinley asked Congress to give him the authority
to utilize armed forces against Cubans as well as Spanish people so that problems over the
island come to an end and a stable Government that would be run by Cuba to be established
that would help to preserve laws and order and abide by various international obligations
(Gaspar, 2016). The presidential power had a clear determination to intervene during the war
between Spanish as well as Cuba as they fought for an island and seek help from U.S. so that
the nations comes forward to resolve their conflict. McKinley was influenced due to greater
variables as he had to undergo through politics based on congressional partisan, concerns due
to economic and business issues, and religious as well as political views that led to cultural
biases at his home that raised various unexpected events that in turn led to spreading
American patriotism. On the other hand United States was largely involved in drawing Spain
from inheritance of Cuba and it exercised diplomatic powers. This report would discuss about
development of executive leadership through the dynamic relations that existed between
President and Congress before the rise of American-Spanish War. The report also discusses
about various restrictions that were imposed by the Congress over Presidential powers and
further the report discusses about historical examples that was greatly impacted by the
relationship between Congress and the Government.
Discussion
1) Understanding associated with growth as well as development of leadership in
the field of Executive Branch through dynamic relations between Congress and
Presidential powers during the period before war between Americans and
Spanish people

3CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
The constitution for United Nations was written in a particular year 1787 and it was
greatly ratified by the states in the year 1788 and it finally came into effect in the year
1789 (Garafola, 2016). The constitution was designed keeping in mind problems faced by
Federalists and it was a fundamental concern for the government. There was a dynamic
force that constantly helped to main quality relationship between Congress and President
that was made effective by George Washington and he was guided by secretary who was
associated with holding of treasury named Alexander Hamilton. This person adopted
executive styles of leadership and he structured a program based on complex multi-facet
that actually helped to solve various debt problems across States. He designed a financial
structure for the benefit of the nation and laid further infrastructure for development of
the economy. He also contributed towards paying off debts of that of previous
Continental Congress. Congress approved programs undertaken by Hamilton who was
later referred to as Federalist who took an active role in fighting against the elements of
Anti-Federalist programs. These came into significant role under the guidance and
support of leaders Thomas Jefferson as well as James Madison. Hamilton helped to build
a number of supporters who later formed Federalist Party. These people greatly followed
the philosophies of Hamilton and it had a soul objective was that a federal government
should form that would preside over the entire economy across the nation.
2) Main focus on: -
i) Pursue of international relations by the President
Before arrival of George Washington, policies that were mainly followed were
isolationism however during his time, non-interventionism was the foundation in
America. He stated that it would be a code of conduct on part of them to extend friendly
relations with foreign traders who come to States for expansion of their business (Luna
Lucero, 2014). It is necessary to extend commercial relations towards them in order to

4CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
establish political connections with them as well. Since Europe possesses certain primary
interests on which America has no hands therefore it forms a necessary part for States to
attract traders towards them and establish bond and trust with them. This idea was
supported by President Thomas Jefferson who stated that establishment of peace, good
commercial relation as well as friendly relation with traders would prove to be good
instead of entangling alliances.
ii) Presidents projecting towards force
Presidents mostly projected their forces towards increasing global influence of the nation
that would lead to transportation of American forces as well as cultures across the world
and make the country achieve a universal global power (Gratton and Merchant, 2015).
iii) Restrictions imposed by the Congress on actions of President
Congress used to hold an authoritative power in terms of explicit as well as implied
powers that were mainly contained in the Constitution. They imposed various restrictions
over financial as well as budgetary issues through collection of taxes, excise duties and
other taxes. It possessed power in association with pursuing that would allow tax citizens
to invest some part of money and had authorization over printing of notes including a bill
of $100,000. This particular power also allowed the Congress to lay a primary check over
Executive Branch of Presidential powers (Gonzales, 2017). The Constitution rendered
special power to the Congress in terms of national defence that incorporated extensive
powers to announce war and build various armed forces that would lay down certain rules
for military grounds.
3. A historical example that is getting impacted due to existence of relationship
between Congress and the President

5CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
There was a movement in United States that was mainly associated with abolition of
slavery in the year 1817. A society associated with American Colonization was mainly
established that helped to eradicate slavery from American Continent. British as well as
society associated with Anti-Slavery in Foreign lands had a significant impact due to
interference of Congress as well as Presidential rule. During the progress of 19th century
the abolitionists organized to form societies that would act for Anti-slavery movement.
These groups of people sent petitions as well as signatures to Congress, organized various
meetings associated with abolition as well as seminars and also boycotted items made due
to slave labour, manufactured various literature articles and reviews and gave several
speeches due to cause of movement. Benjamin Lay who was a Quaker identified slavery
to be a notorious sin as he pretended to claim various Holy Scriptures due to Christian
religion that would raise protests against slavery. This would also go by colonial
legislatures that were prevalent in Congress for United States. The society in America that
worked against Anti-Slavery Movements helped to elected officers and adopted necessary
principles that would act against violent actions in relation to moral suasion.
The U.S. Constitution generally allows a slave court associated with male slaves that
actually helped in representing House of Representatives mainly influenced due to
Presidential powers of the country. William Wilberforce adopted the leadership in the
Parliament of United States and started a campaigning presentation on abolishing trading
of slaves across the borders of United States. Americans founded a Convention that acted
towards Promotion of various movements on Anti-slavery activities (Kempadoo, 2015).
A black church was founded in association with an act of independence named as St.
Thomas African Episcopal Church was founded in the city of Philadelphia by famous
persons Absalom Jones as well as Richard Allen. Congress of United States gave
permission to formulate Act on Slave Trade in the year 1794 that prohibited American

6CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
transport vessels to transport slave men and women to any foreign country through
outfitting ports of United States. The movement was basically a social as well as political
push that helped in emancipating most of the slaves and bring an end to the period when
human beings had to undergo racial discrimination as well as segregation. In a particular
year 1833, Tappans as well as delegates from sixty other races of various races as well as
genders met together in Philadelphia and stabilized their foundation in the name of
Society that was mainly concerned with protection of human rights and acts against Anti-
slavery (Janse, 2015). This particular organization was seriously impacted due to roles of
leadership on the part of Executive Branch of government and they had largely provided
support to this movement.
4. Inclusion of thoughts that would abide by biblical integration and progress
towards critical thinking
Philosophies of United States mainly encompasses philosophies on American culture and
civilization that helped to shape American origin through recent years. Specially 17th as
well as 18th century founded traditions on American philosophies that included various
religious themes and Reformation reasons of that of Ramus (Lambert, 2016). The
Colonial churches mainly supported churches that got succeeded due to unified nations of
Spain and this mission related to Christianization of that of Americans. There had been a
stark consequences due to influence of growth of American philosophies and this resulted
in successful discretion values of Eastern American culture. Therefore it has helped to
influence various strategies in post colonialism period.
Conclusion
Therefore from the above discussion it can be concluded that due to adequate leadership
skills and influence due to President and the Congress it helped to have a great impact on

7CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
culture of United States. This has sufficient skills towards leadership ability and therefore it
has succeeded in spreading good quality relationship and federation in United States and
especially during the pre-war period. Thus it has rendered significant relations in association
with certain events and aspects.

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Reference List
Gaspar, K. M. (2016). The Interface of Social Ethics and Human Rights in the Philippines
Today. Ager, 1.
Garafola, L. (2016). HP: A Lost Dance of the Americas. In Dance: American art, 1830-1960
(pp. 220-247).
Luna Lucero, B. (2014). Invention and Contention: Place, Identity and Memory of the
Spanish Past in the American Southwest, 1848-1940.
Gonzales, W. D. W. (2017). Language contact in the Philippines. Language Ecology, 1(2),
185-212.
Lambert, F. (2016). A Book for All Seasons: Biblical Authority and Public Life in Early
American Christendom. Reviews in American History, 44(2), 191-197.
Gratton, B. and Merchant, E.K., 2015. An Immigrant's Tale: The Mexican American
Southwest 1850 to 1950. Social Science History, 39(4), pp.521-550.

9CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRE-SPANISH AMERICAN WAR PAPER
Kempadoo, K. (2015). The modern-day white (wo) man’s burden: Trends in anti-trafficking
and anti-slavery campaigns. Journal of Human Trafficking, 1(1), 8-20.
Janse, M. (2015). ‘Holland as a little England’? British anti-slavery missionaries and
continental abolitionist movements in the mid nineteenth century. Past & Present,
229(1), 123-160.