Consequences of Human Activities on the Environment: MSC Project

This MSC Project Management report investigates the increasing environmental pressure caused by human activities. It explores various factors, including building, business growth, mining, and deforestation, which lead to soil erosion, habitat loss, and pollution. The report examines the impact of human activities on air and water quality, ozone depletion, and resource depletion. It addresses specific research questions related to environmental pressures, such as climate change, pollution, and resource depletion, and presents a journal overview with supporting literature. The project uses a descriptive research design and secondary data collection methods to analyze these issues, with the aim of studying the factors affecting the environment and the consequences of human actions, including overpopulation, pollution, and global warming.

Running head: MSC PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Msc Project Management
Name of Student-
Name of University-
Author’s Note-

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Index
Abstract............................................................................................................................................2
Keywords.........................................................................................................................................2
Personal Reflection..........................................................................................................................2
Project Brief.....................................................................................................................................4
Journal Overview.............................................................................................................................4
Topic Rationale................................................................................................................................7
Aims of the project..........................................................................................................................7
Purpose Statement...........................................................................................................................7
Research Question...........................................................................................................................8
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................8
Research Methods..........................................................................................................................10
Reference.......................................................................................................................................12

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Abstract
This project defines the increased pressure on environment because of the human
activities. Because of human activities, the pressure on the environment is increasing day by day.
Human activities such of building of residential area, growing businesses, mining, deforestation
and many more which leads to soil erosion, habitat loss, biodiversity loss, formation of sinkholes
as well as population. These activities create pressure on the environment. Environmental
pressure includes air emissions discharged into the environment, generated wastewater and
waste, used and emitted heavy metal compounds, ozone depleting substances as well as the use
of forest and mineral resources, etc. There are many reasons for being environment under
pressure due to human activities. Pressure on environment can be because of pollution in air, or
many environmental hazards because of human activities. All those factors are studied with
recommendations that can be assumed for decreasing the environmental pressure is explained in
this report. There are particular research questions that are addressed in the journal overview of
the research paper.
Keywords
Air pollution, deforestation, water pollution, waste generated by humans
Personal Reflection
In this report, I have explained the factors that are responsible for creating environmental
pressure due to human activities. As studied by me, the Earth’s atmosphere is becoming warmth
because of the production of the greenhouse gases by the humans. The environmental pressure
that is increasing because of human intervention includes emission of polluted air that is
discharged in the environment. I have presented a clear purpose of this research in this

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assignment that shows the aim of the research. I have also explained a journal overview which
explains the details of the human activities that leads to create pressure on the environment.

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Title: Consequences of Human Activities Impacting the Environment
Project Brief
The indicators of the environmental pressure that reflects the activities of human on
environment. The pressure on the environment mainly includes emission of polluted air
discharged in the environment that mainly generates waste water as well as wastes and
greenhouse emission of gases, depleting natural resources, population increased as well as
change in climate.
Journal Overview
Wang, G., He, Q., Meng, X., Locatelli, G., Yu, T. and Yan, X., 2017. Exploring the
impact of megaproject environmental responsibility on organizational citizenship behaviors for
the environment: A social identity perspective. International Journal of Project
Management, 35(7), pp.1402-1414.
According to Wang et al. (2017), Earth’s atmosphere is becoming warmth because of the
production of the greenhouse gases by the humans. Greenhouse gases involves automobile
exhaust as well as factory efflux. Sörlin and Wormbs (2018) also stated that this greenhouse
gases is causing fragmentation of ice cap in the Arctic region. The polar bears mainly depends on
the ice for the vantage posts to hunt for seals which are their primary food. So, with depletion of
ice cap, the polar bears have many less places for hunting and they are starving because of no
food available (Goudie, 2018).
The environmental pressure that is increasing because of human intervention includes
emission of polluted air that is discharged in the environment (Rapoport, 2016). These are

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mainly generated because of the waste water or the waste from the humans, using of heavy metal
compounds, substances from ozone depletion and using of forest materials and the mineral
resources that are used by the humans and many more.
As stated by Wang et al. (2017) there are a various number of impacts that are observed
because of the human activities on the environment. There is change in climate, depletion of the
ozone layer, biodiversity disappearance, waste materials, using of the resources, water pollution,
air pollution, toxic chemicals and many more (Wilhelm et al., 2015). The common effects that
includes also include decreased quantity of water, green house emission of gases, depleting
natural resources, population increased as well as change in climate. These effects mainly arises
from the activities of humans. Some of the reasons that are involved in environmental pressure
are stated below.
1. Overpopulation: Survival generally means repopulating. This repopulation is
increasing which has reached the maximum carrying capacity of the planet (Stoker et al., 2016).
Overpopulation has now become an epidemic because the rate of mortality have decreased,
medicines have improve as well as methods included in the industrial farming are newly
introduced that keeps all humans alive for much longer day and thus increasing the population all
over the world (Semenescu et al., 2016). Much space is required for the humans and space is
required for farming, or for building industries that takes much space due to overpopulation.
With the increased in population, there is cutting of trees that results in damage of eco
system. To filter the air, environment needs plenty of trees (Chivu et al., 2017). The increased
level of carbon di oxide can cause potential damage to the organism on the earth, and trees are
the only one source that decrease the level of CO2 in the air (Tietenberg and Lewis, 2016). There
is another issues of overpopulation is the dependency of coal as well as fossil fuels that will be

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used by the humans (Khanal et al., 2017). Using of fossil fuels such as oil and coal results in
much amount of CO2 in air that threatens the environment making many species becoming
extinct (Hanciu, 2015). The depletion of forest also effects the survival of life in the
environment.
2. Pollution: There is pollution everywhere on the earth. The thrash that is thrown out
everyday results in metric tons of garbage thrown away in the atmosphere every day. This
increases the pollution and those wastes are inescapable. The condition has increased to a
position where 2.4 billion of people do not have access of the clean water (Fatah, 2017). Humans
are responsible for polluting the environment and are also responsible for creating a depression
in the environment. The air in United States has the most polluted air that produces 147 million
metric tons in the air each year. Smog in the air of LA was in a bad condition at the ground level
ozone that is surpassed many parts of volume. This helps in decreasing the quality of air to about
75 ppb (Bhandari, 2016). There are many people who thought that there are foreign attacks
which has created smog creating a burning sensation in their eyes and left an odor in air. This
might create a great issue in the coming future.
2. Global Warming: Global warming is the greatest reason that cause impact on
environment. The largest cause that comes in the air is because of the level of CO₂ from
respiration to detrimental cause including burning fossil fuels as well as deforestation. The level
of CO₂ is increasing day by day which creates environment pressure, which is causing
temperature rise. With the temperature rise, the ice stated melting in the artic regions causing a
pressure on the environment. All these reasons creates environmental pressure due to the human
activities all over the world.

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Topic Rationale
Due to human activities, the pressure on the environment is increasing day by day.
Human activities such of building of residential area, growing businesses, mining, deforestation
and many more which leads to soil erosion, habitat loss, biodiversity loss, formation of sinkholes
as well as population. These activities creates pressure on the environment. All the human
activities that impacts the environment are addressed in this research paper.
Aims of the project
The aim of this project is to study all the factors that affects the environment due to
human activities and the consequences of the human activities on the environment.
Purpose Statement
The problem of this research will address the effects of environmental pressure because
of human effects. This is done by collecting journals different journal and articles by different
authors that states different analysis regarding the pressure on environment due to human
activities. There are many reasons for being environment under pressure due to human activities,
which needs to be studied. Pressure on environment can be because of pollution in air, or many
environmental hazards because of human activities.
Research Question
 What are the environmental pressure created by activities of human?
There are a various number of impacts that are observed because of the human activities
on the environment. There is change in climate, depletion of the ozone layer, biodiversity
disappearance, waste materials, using of the resources, water pollution, air pollution, toxic

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chemicals and many more. The common effects that includes also include decreased quantity of
water, green house emission of gases, depleting natural resources, population increased as well
as change in climate.
 Illustrating the main reasons of human activities that creates pressure on environment.
The environmental pressure that is increasing because of human intervention includes
emission of polluted air that is discharged in the environment. These are mainly generated
because of the waste water or the waste from the humans, using of heavy metal compounds,
substances from ozone depletion and using of forest materials and the mineral resources that are
used by the humans and many more.
Research Methodology
The research methodology that will be carried out for addressing the research questions is
discussed below.
Research Philosophy: Epistemology research philosophy will be used for carrying out
this research paper with positivism philosophy.
Research Approach: The research approach that will be used for analyzing the data is
deductive method of research.
Research Design: The research design that will be used for this research paper is
descriptive research design.
Research Strategy: Secondary research design that is used for this research paper is
quantitative and qualitative secondary research type.

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This approach used for this research paper is both quantitative as well as qualitative
research. This approach used is the most appropriate one as there this research will deal with
only secondary research method. There are actually two types of research methodology that can
be carried out (Sutton and Austin, 2015). Quantitative data for secondary research method
includes all data that are collected from the original studies that have been conducted by different
researchers. Qualitative data for carrying out this research will also be collected from different
research papers and the conclusion provided by different researchers are summarized in this
research methodology.
Alternative method that can be chosen for the taken research approach is primary method
of data collection. Primary research is mainly conducted for the first hand where the analysts
himself carries out the research with questionnaire. Primary data collection method is a raw data
collection method where the data that is collected for the researcher is to fit the study of the
research. But this alternative method is not used for this research study is primary research is
very much expensive.
Research Methods
Secondary Data Collection method: The reason for choosing this research methodology
is this methodology because it deals with two types of research strategy known as quantitative as
well as qualitative research methodology. With the quantitative data for secondary research
method includes all data that are collected from the original studies that have been conducted by
different researchers (Lewis, 2015). The information thus collected from the research papers will
be used to analyze the research paper. Qualitative data for carrying out this research will also be
collected from different research papers and the conclusion provided by different researchers are
summarized in this research methodology.

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Weakness of the secondary method of data collection: Including the secondary method
of data collection, there are many advantages as well as disadvantages that can be analyzed. The
disadvantages are the even with easily availability of the data, there should be credibility
evaluation that is to be performed for understanding the authenticity of all the information that
are available. The available data might not be valid and that would help the researcher
concluding a wrong assumption. Mainly from the previously collected data of primary research,
future secondary research is carried out (Brace, 2018). Conclusion of the secondary research is
generally taken from the previous primary research studies. There always remains a risk on
validity of the data collected from previous studies.
There are many prior studies that have used the method of secondary research.
Researchers mostly prefers to use secondary data collection method as because this method is
less expensive compared to primary data collection method. In primary data collection method,
the analysts needs to carry out survey or interview process that are mainly costly (Copland and
Creese, 2015). This secondary method of collecting data is less costly and is also less time
consuming as all data are taken from different sources that are available online (Bell et al.,
2018). If authentic sources are used for collecting the information, it does not cost much to the
researcher. Data that are collected for the primary research design can be validated when it is
used for the secondary research. The primary research effectiveness is studied in this way of data
collection. So, hypothesis can be formed related to the topic that is taken for the research. Last
but not the least the secondary method of collecting data is a quick way of data collection. To
compete the secondary research, the authors can complete their research within a few weeks after
deciding the research objective.

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Reference
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Bhandari, S. (2016) Impact of Landscape Changes on the Environmental and Water Quality
Characteristics of Brays and Sims Bayou Watersheds, TX. Texas Southern University.
Brace, I. (2018) Questionnaire design: How to plan, structure and write survey material for
effective market research. Kogan Page Publishers.
Chivu, O. R., Semenescu, A., Babis, C., Amza, C., Iacobescu, G., Apostolescu, Z., Petrescu, V.
and Adir, G. M. (2017) 'The Impact of the Industrial Processing of Oil on the Rainfall Water
Quality', Rev. Chim.(Bucharest), 68, p. 175.
Copland, F. and Creese, A. (2015) Linguistic ethnography: Collecting, analysing and presenting
data. Sage.
Fatah, W. M. W. A. (2017) SPE Asia Pacific Health, Safety, Security, Environment and Social
Responsibility Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Goudie, A. S. (2018) Human impact on the natural environment. John Wiley & Sons.
Hanciu, O. M. (2015) 'The right to a clean environment. International recognition of a human
right to a clean environment by ECTHR jurisprudence
', Challenges of the Knowledge Society, p. 431.
Khanal, K., Khanal, S. and Dhungana, S. M. (2017) 'Perspective Response of Climate Change
Impacts on Agricultural Crops in Sauraha-Pharsatikar VDC, Rupandehi District, Nepal',
International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 5(3), pp. 345-355.
Lewis, S. (2015) 'Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches',
Health promotion practice, 16(4), pp. 473-475.
Rapoport, A. (2016) Human aspects of urban form: towards a man—environment approach to
urban form and design. Elsevier.
Semenescu, A., Chivu, O. R., Babis, C., Apostolescu, Z., Gligor, M. A. and Iacobescu, G. (2016)
'Methods of Evaluating the Impact of an Environmental Aspect in Case of a Petrol Processing
Companie', REVISTA DE CHIMIE, 67(11), pp. 2375-2378.
Sörlin, S. and Wormbs, N. (2018) 'Environing technologies: a theory of making environment',
History and Technology, pp. 1-25.
Stoker, M., Lindsay, P., Butt, J., Bawden, M. and Maynard, I. W. (2016) 'Elite coaches'
experiences of creating pressure training environments', International Journal of Sport
Psychology, 47(3), pp. 262-281.
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Routledge.
Wang, G., He, Q., Meng, X., Locatelli, G., Yu, T. and Yan, X. (2017) 'Exploring the impact of
megaproject environmental responsibility on organizational citizenship behaviors for the
environment: A social identity perspective', International Journal of Project Management, 35(7),
pp. 1402-1414.
Wilhelm, M., Hutchins, M., Mars, C. and Benoit-Norris, C. (2015) 'An overview of social
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