Construction Company Structures and Activities: A Case Study

Desklib provides past papers and solved assignments for students. This report analyzes a junior school construction project.

Table of Contents
Introduction:...............................................................................................................................................2
LO1: Describe the construction industry with reference to company structures and other activities.........2
P2, P3: Demonstrate the scope and linkage between all parties within a construction organization.....3
LO2 Explain different types of construction companies in the market and their relationships within the
tendering process........................................................................................................................................5
P4 Identify the different types of construction companies in the market...............................................5
P5 Explain the relationship between different construction organisations.............................................5
LO3 Discuss the key stages in a construction project, and how Building Information Modelling informs
the different stages.....................................................................................................................................7
P6 Identify, with examples, modern construction processes and sequences used within today’s
industry, highlighting the way they respond to sustainability needs.......................................................7
Volumetric construction:.....................................................................................................................7
Precast foundation:.............................................................................................................................7
Twin wall technology:..........................................................................................................................8
Precast cladding panels:......................................................................................................................9
P7 Explain contract planning techniques used within micro and macro projects..................................10
P8 Identify where BIM impacts upon operations and construction companies....................................11
LO4 Analyze how the construction industry has developed suitable collaboration strategies in support of
greater recognition of health & safety......................................................................................................12
P9 Explain how health & safety has now become an integrated part of the construction process.......12
P10 Describe the government legislation which has benchmarked health & safety within construction.
...............................................................................................................................................................13
P11 Discuss the role of collaboration and communication in ensuring safe working practices.............14
References:................................................................................................................................................15

Table of Figures:
Figure 1: Volumetric Construction...............................................................................................................8
Figure 2: Precast Foundation.......................................................................................................................9
Figure 3: Twin wall Method.......................................................................................................................10
Figure 4: Precast Cladding Panels..............................................................................................................11
Figure 5: BIM Standards............................................................................................................................12
Figure 6: Warning board............................................................................................................................13

Introduction:
A number of construction companies are there in the UK, but there is a limited number of companies
that are working to provide good infrastructure to the client and meet all the needs of the client. To get
information about it and enhance knowledge about how to choose a company that can meet the client’s
need is explained in this paper.
A Junior School has to build on the place of a furniture factory. From choosing a company and
identifying its qualities and going through the professionalism, the linkage between parties, the
relationship between organisation, micro and macro projects, BIM to the health and safety issue, this
paper is developed.
LO1: Describe the construction industry with reference to company
structures and other activities.
P1: Explain how the construction industry has developed and encompassed
professionalism within its structures.
In the construction industry, there are swift and noticeable changes in the industry in the last two
decades. Power tools and motorized equipment made every task of structural engineering more quick
and efficient. Also, the designing before the construction part is no handwritten anymore, digital
designing made the designing part more accurate and quicker than with hands and scales to make
effective structures.
There has always been a major impact of the construction industry on the United Kingdom’s economy
which made it a leader over the world. Talking about the economical range of the industry, the
construction industry is contributing £90 billion to the UK economy and 2.9 million people are getting
jobs in this industry. In addition to this, it is the sixth largest green construction industry in the world
with jobs like architects, mechanical trades, plasterers, bricklayers, carpenters and many more.
In the past time, the soil engineering wasn’t that popular or focused part of the construction work but
now as the time has changed construction industries have found out that geotechnical behaviour is as
important as the other engineering in the construction work. Now the type of soil of the construction
field is determined whether it is clay, sandy, slit, or loam type of soil and the type of construction that
can be built on it.
These approaches have played a dynamic role in the construction industry. According to the
‘Construction 2025’, there should be a 33 % reduction in the construction cost overall the global market,
as well as in greenhouse gas emission. And now it seems clear that the lean approaches like DfMA
(Design for Manufacture and Assembly) in the construction field can be the future of this sector.
(Raconteur, 2014)

P2, P3: Demonstrate the scope and linkage between all parties within a construction
organization.
A construction organisation or industry or even a construction project is a combination of civil engineers,
client, contractor, architects and many more. This is how a construction project is completed. The main
parties that construction projects comprise are as follows:
Client/Employer:
This is the main party of a construction project. clients are the one who hires the contractors to
complete their construction project. Here, the owner of the School can be considered as the Client. The
entity which intends to develop a school in the place of the furniture factory.
Supplier:
The supplier is the main contractor of the construction project who is hired by the client to complete the
project with the help of his team. The team of this contractor will be considered as the subcontractor for
the school development project. This entity is responsible for the project design, implementation and
closing of the construction project.
Qualified Team
Under the contractor, this is the team which is also considered as the subcontractor for the construction
project. Every qualified and professional member of this team is appointed by the contractor to
complete the project. This team is classified into two categories on the basis of their working type.
1. Designers
2. Non-Designers.
These two parts of the Qualified Professionals team is a part of the parties working in a construction
project.
1. Designers:
Designers are the one who will plan the way of working as well the way of looking of the school
graphically. They will help in assisting the designs for the project. Designer parties for the school
project are as follows.
a. Architect
b. Mechanical and Electrical engineer.
c. Principal designer to design help and safety role.
d. Structural engineer.
2. Non-Designers:
Designers, who are not performing the designing part of the construction project, instead they
are working on the non-designing part are considered as non-designers for the construction
project. the non-designers parties for the school construction project are as follows:
a. Administrator
b. Quantity Surveyor

c. Quality Surveyor
d. CDM for Health and safety issues
e. Manager for BIM (Building Information Modeling)
Investor:
The investor is the one who shares fund for the project. In other words, the one responsible for all the
money related transactions under a construction project. A transaction can be related to finance from a
bank, capital arrangement, fund calculation etc. Therefore the investor party will be responsible for all
kind of transaction under this school construction project.

LO2 Explain different types of construction companies in the market and
their relationships within the tendering process.
P4 Identify the different types of construction companies in the market.
For the construction process of the Junior School on the place of Furniture factory will include resources
like architects, designers, developers, surveyors, Inspecting engineers, Civil engineers, and other firms.
Therefore, to construct High school in the place of the furniture factory, the following companies or
firms would be needed:
Land clearing services.
Architects
Infrastructure Designers
Civil engineers
Structural designers
Electrical engineers
For these particular works, following are the companies that are working good in the UK market and
holds a level in the market depending on their way of working and product quality.
WilkinsonEyre:
WilkinsonEyre is a leading company in architecture designing over the world. This company has worked
on many projects and also holds international and national awards for some projects. The architecture,
designed by this company is known because of their bold, aesthetic design and smart use of every
corner of the land to make the building beautiful.
The design of the Junior school can be built from this company as they have a good knowledge and
experience in architecture designing, they can provide a design using the architecture of an old furniture
factory. The benefit of using some part of the furniture factory is that the budget can be lessened for the
construction process.
P5 Explain the relationship between different construction organisations
Working on the same project with various type of construction companies make a collaborative
environment between them which tends to complete the work efficiency.
All these types of companies are dependent on each other. These dependencies can be understood by
the following points:

1. Land clearing companies are necessary at the starting of the project which helps to get to know
about the type of soil and procedure that can be processed to make the soil, construction type.
2. Only after the land clearing, the construction area can be determined and after that, architects
and designers are there to make a design for the Junior high school.
3. After the designing part only, the construction can start work like bringing modules to the site
and assembling them.
4. After the completion of module assembly part, the electrician and fitter can work on the water
and electricity supply.
5. After this, the furnishing and to give the aesthetic environment to the Junior School,
Infrastructure companies can work.
The serial of the number defines the precedence of the companies that are dependent on each other.

LO3 Discuss the key stages in a construction project, and how Building
Information Modelling informs the different stages.
P6 Identify, with examples, modern construction processes and sequences used
within today’s industry, highlighting the way they respond to sustainability needs.
Volumetric construction:
In this process of modern construction, a 3D module volume is off-site constructed. This volume of the
module is constructed according to the need of the project.
Figure 1: Volumetric Construction
These modules are then brought to the construction site using the loaders and excavators and installed
to the place where they are supposed to be. These modules contain all the three dimensions hence they
are also called 3D Volumetric construction.
Precast foundation:
This process of construction is used for the fast construction process. In this method, the elements
needed for the construction process is constructed at a separate factory. These constructed parts are
then brought to the factory and assembled together to make a volume of design. The benefit of this
project is that the manufactured product at the factory has better quality than the product which is
created on site.

Figure 2: Precast Foundation
Precast foundation can be used for the Junior school to design the parts that the construction process
needs and directly transfer them to the site and assemble there only. Which in a way saves time as the
construction of those parts is at another location and some other land clear work can be done while
these parts are building.
This is best suited for the extreme weather condition as the cement is already constructed, therefore
rain and weather won’t affect it.
Twin wall technology:
In this method, two walls are separated by a cast in lattice beams. This technology is used to make the
structural integrity strong and it stays waterproof. This is the hybrid resolution of walls that comprise
the qualities of precast concrete and assembling speed.

Figure 3: Twin wall Method
The procedure that is followed is as follows:
Wall units are positioned on the site
These units are temporarily supported.
Later these units are joined by filling up the gap between them using concrete.
This system can be used for the Junior School as well so that the structural base of the school can be
constructed easily and rapidly.
Precast cladding panels:
Installing material over the bricks or wall to make it stronger and give it an aesthetical view is called
cladding. It is also good to secure the wall or building from weather elements.

Figure 4: Precast Cladding Panels
The cladding is so created that it sustains on the water and make the building waterproof because water
cannot penetrate it. Therefore, covering the whole Junior School surface with cladding will provide it
strangeness attractive look and safety.
P7 Explain contract planning techniques used within micro and macro projects.
Micro Management:
For the micro level planning or project analysis skills, Agile technology is best suited. This technology
provides a higher vision of data and information about the project that and also manages a clear format
to arrange all the data in a way that it compiles milestones and tasks, where milestones are the
accomplishment sign of every task. This technique includes data as task and their estimated completion
date to keep the activity log. These logs are used to keep track of necessary steps that should be made
by used since the starting of the project. Agile also offers clarity to the project, it let the user allow to
make wide-ranging searches on the data according to the criteria. The best part of it is the task are
arranged in the system priority wise which allows increased control over the micro level project.
Macro Management:
Agile technology also has some innovative skills for the Macro level project management. Company
pulse is a technique in the Agile management that lets the user research about the velocity of the
project and also the idea about the pace and progress of that project in which it should be completed.
To complete the work, this technology uses common and different units like tasks, hours or story points
where story point is the common unit to use. The agile process provides a global search option which
allows the user to search for the same projects over the world to get an idea for their project.

P8 Identify where BIM impacts upon operations and construction companies.
Building Information Modeling or BIM is a procedure in which the information and facts, gathered from
the case scenario and the construction projects are collected and this information is managed for better
planning.
Figure 5: BIM Standards
This information comprises every information about the construction project like here the construction
building is Junior School which will be constructed over a furniture factory, so, all the information like
factory total area, developed area, the budget for a project all are considered under BIM.
The UK government is deciding the number of organisation that will be able to adopt the technology of
BIM as not every organisation is allowed to use this technology. By the rules of the UK government, BIM
technology in the construction industry is rising on a level over the world.
UK is taking global leadership by following the GCS or Government Construction Strategy program and
representing this achievement globally. A construction company can easily acquire this technology if
they have the mandatory information like construction projects, stakeholders, architects, contractors
and most important suppliers.
According to the NBS showed that 62% of the organisations are already aware by the BIM and using this
in their construction projects by 2017 and the organisation thatis neither using this service nor aware
about it is just 3% that means that there is the least number of the organisation using this technique.