Project Management Report: Tools, Techniques & Scheduling Analysis

This report provides an overview of project management tools and techniques applied to a construction project involving a multi-story office block. It discusses the use of Gantt charts and resource aggregation charts for planning and resource allocation. The report also delves into project scheduling, network analysis (including critical path method), and earned value analysis (EVA) for tracking project progress and performance. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of resource management, including resource leveling and allocation, to ensure project completion within specified time and budget constraints. The analysis also covers the identification of critical paths for both basement construction and the building structure, highlighting key activities that impact project timelines. This document is available on Desklib, a platform offering a variety of study tools and resources for students.

Project management
tools and technics

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Overview of the Project........................................................................................................3
Gantt Chart:..........................................................................................................................3
Resource Aggregation Chart 1:...........................................................................................5
GANTT Chart 2......................................................................................................................7
Resource Aggregation Chart 2: -..........................................................................................10
Project Scheduling..............................................................................................................10
The use of network analysis in the scheduling of construction projects.......................11
The use of Earned value analysis: -...................................................................................14
EARNED VALUE ANALYSIS....................................................................................................16
PERT Analysis:...................................................................................................................16
Importance of above analysis-..............................................................................................19
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21

INTRODUCTION
Project management is a framework which involves planning and organising of the
available resources for completion of a project. It is used in various industries and plays an
essential role in the success of construction, engineering and IT organisations. A project of
construction is an organised process which involves constructing, renovating, refurbishing, etc. a
building or an infrastructure (Aanbari and Kwak, 2018). This report is prepared on a construction
company which has won the tender of building of multi-story office block. This will be the new
headquarter of the business. The report will discuss the Gantt Chart, Resource Aggregation Chart
and network analysis in relation to the construction project. The use of EVA along with
recommendation on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation is also covered in the report.
MAIN BODY
Overview of the Project
A construction company has won the tender of building a multi storey office block which
will be used as the new headquarter for the large organisation. In this, the project is divided into
two phases which are first construction of basement and second, the building of the frame of
structural steelwork (Bergmann and Karwowski, 2018). It is the responsibility of the project
manager to properly complete the project within the specified time period.
Gantt Chart:
It is a horizontal bar chart which is used to define the schedule of the project. It also
involves the starting and finishing date of the elements such as planning, resources and other
dependencies (Bjorvatn and Wald, 2018). The overall activities which are essential for the
construction project are defined in this chart along with the duration.

Activities of constructing a basement

Gantt chart of constructing basement: -
Resource Aggregation Chart 1:
It is a pictorial representation of the activities and resources which will be required to
properly complete the task (Dinnik, Grigoryeva and Galoyan, 2019). It is basically the sum of the
resources required for the project during the life cycle of the building a project of construction.
As it has been seen in network scheduling, basics inputs for critical path analysis is the
individual activities of project, the time and dependency on the relationships. In accordance to
the forward and backward path calculations, determination of start and finish time of activities.
CPM algorithms are the time driven. Time duration of activities here are function of resources
which are needed for completing each activity. CPM development is the assumption that all
resources required for schedule are available. It is not always true for the construction projects.
Under the resource constraints, schedule becomes impractical, time and cost are not accurate and

resources might be not available when required. For dealing with such challenges the proper
management of available resources is needed for adjusting schedule accordingly.
What is a resource?
The first step in the resources management is deciding what exactly what resources are
essential enough for managing. Meanwhile the most used resource in a project is human resource
and workers and may include other resources like machines and project space is less and it limits
the restrictions of other resources which might be used at single time, money required for doing
the work and materials required for accomplishing the various activities.
The most essential resources that the managers of the project have to plan and manage
the humans, materials, and money (Galli, 2018). If all these resources are available in abundance
than project will be accelerated for achieving the short duration of time. Meanwhile is these
resources are limited then the outcome will be likely delay in completing time of project.
Resource Management
The main resources which the management of the project has to plan and manage on
daily basis are people, materials etc. Projects are classified in the time or resource constrained.
Resource levelling
The project is classified as the time constrained when completing time is going to delayed
even after the extra resources need. Meanwhile the project is resources constrained if level of
resource availability can’t be exceeded (Guo and Zhang, 2022).
Resource Allocation
It is known as the resource loading which is concerned with assigning of the required
resources numbers identified for each activity in plan. More than on kind of resource can be
assigned to specific activity.
Resource Aggregation
After each activity have been assigned the resources, the next step is aggregating the
resources used by all tasks. It is simply the summation on the basis of period by period of
resources needed for completing the all activities based on resource allocation carried in past.
Resource Levelling
It is the process which attempts for determining the requirement of resource which is
smooth and where the valleys and peaks are eliminated.

Justification of resource allocation of basement construction
For making of the basement many resources are required such as project manager,
architect, engineer, labor, electrician and plumber. For the 20 days executive of project is needed
as they monitor the entire project. Architect who is responsible for the design of the project is
needed only on day 1. Engineer who looks the technical aspects of the project is required almost
every day. Labor who will work on project all the time will be presented all the time on the
project. Electrician and plumber are needed for installation in last so they will be required in last.

GANTT Chart 2
Activities of constructing the building

Gantt chart of constructing a building: -

Resource Aggregation Chart 2: -
Justification of resource allocation of building construction
For constructing the building project executives are required all the time whereas the
architect is needed on day 1 only. Engineer have to presented all the time as they have to look the
complexities. Workers and helpers are the main resources for construction of the project so they
will also be needed all the time. Carpenter, electrician, plumber, painters and tile setters are
required in last.
Project Scheduling
It refers to the process of project tasks aligning for fitting the deadline. As the activities
can overlap or need to be completed before the starting of the other task, it is important
for scheduling the tasks in an ideal order for completing them on time. By scheduling of
project the determination of method for project completion can be done increasing the

efficiency while adapting to the changes which may arise in the process. Scheduling of
the project have these following elements-
 Tasks
 Deadlines
 Stakeholders
The use of network analysis in the scheduling of construction projects
Network Analysis helps in designing, planning, coordinating and controlling the decision
making for properly completing the tasks (Hair and Sarstedt, 2021). It focuses on accomplishing
the project in minimum cost and in the minimum available time with all the available resources.
The managers of the project can use this analysis for taking into consideration the various factors
which are essential in creating a project plan. The elements which are analysed in relation to the
construction project are relation between the tasks, buffer times between activities and time
schedule of the overall project. It also forms the basis of planning and predicting the activities of
constructing the multi-story office block. This technique of project management helps in taking
better decisions by the different stakeholders which are related to this project. This will assist in
optimum utilization of all the resources which are available in regard to the project. The manager
of project will have to use this model in order to make sure that the objectives and targets are
achieved with the specified period of time. There are various uses of network analysis in the
construction project which are discussed below:
 It helps in breaking down the complex tasks of construction of building into smaller
activities.
 It also provides an organised sequence of the work to be done which helps in properly
completing the multi-story office block.
 It reduces the operation cost, time, wastage of resources and other conflicts which can
arise in completing the project of construction.
 It also provides proper and timely scheduling of each and every activity to be performed
by the labourers and engineers.
 It gives a direction to all the persons which are involved in the construction. This helps in
ensuring the smooth establishment of both the basement and the main building.
Here are some network analysis techniques such as-

 Programme Evaluation and Review Techniques- It was developed by US navy in
the year 1958 for assisting in controlling and planning of the missiles programme. It
is the method which minimizes the delays in production, conflicts and interruptions,
for coordinating and synchronizing the different activities of the project, expediting
the project’s completion time. By considering the uncertainties related with the non-
routine projects to which the PERT is appropriate, there is the opted formulae which
gives the time expected for activities of PERT from previous experience.
 Critical Path Method- Developed in 1950s by the joint efforts of 2 firms, basically
designed for applying to the operations/situations which are repetitive. CCPM brings
the prominence in process of control and planning, costs concept. It is mostly adapted
by the commercial business organizations in their complex projects such as
construction project as they are cost conscious.
PERT or CPM both are the network analysis techniques representing the
quantitative, systematic approach for the problem of project management from starting to
completion.