Contemporary Travel and Tourism Industry Report: Trends and Analysis

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the contemporary travel and tourism industry. It begins by outlining key milestones in the industry's development and its current shape, using TUI as a case study. The report then explores the various elements that comprise the travel and tourism industry and how they interrelate to create the tourist experience, including weather, accessibility, scenic attractions, safety, cultural factors, and amenities. It delves into the factors affecting tourism behavior, such as environmental conditions, economic factors, historical and cultural importance, and technology, and discusses models of motivation influencing consumer decision-making processes. The report also examines emerging patterns and trends in the international travel and tourism industry and factors affecting the popularity of global destinations, providing a comprehensive overview of the industry's dynamics and challenges.

CONTEMPORARY
TRAVEL AND TOURISM
INDUSTRY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
SCENARIO 1...................................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P1. Key milestones in the development of the travel and tourism industry and the shape of the
industry...................................................................................................................................1
P2. Different elements of travel and tourism industry and the way they interrelate to create the
tourist experience....................................................................................................................2
M1...........................................................................................................................................3
D1...........................................................................................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................4
P3. Different factors that affect tourism behaviour................................................................4
P4. Models of motivation and their influence on consumer decision making process..........5
M2...........................................................................................................................................5
D2...........................................................................................................................................6
SCENARIO 2...................................................................................................................................6
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................6
P5. Emerging patterns and trends in the international travel and tourism industry...............6
M3...........................................................................................................................................7
LO 4.................................................................................................................................................7
P6. Factors affecting the popularity of a range of global destinations...................................7
M4...........................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism is a part of hospitality industry. This sector plays a crucial role in
boosting the economy across world. It is one of the largest industries which is directly affecting
economic condition of world. TUI (Tourism Union International) is a German Travel and
Tourism Company, selected in the present study. Company owns hotels, airlines, retail stores,
travel agencies and cruise ships. This file discusses about the key milestones in development of
travel and tourism industry and the way they have shaped the sector. Key elements and different
factors which are affecting the travel and tourism industry, along with models of motivation and
the way they influence consumer decision making process will also be discussed. Further, there
will be study on recent and emerging patterns and trends in the industry with factors affecting the
popularity of a range of global destinations.
SCENARIO 1
LO 1
P1. Key milestones in the development of the travel and tourism industry and shape of the
industry
Travel and tourism industry is growing according to the expectations of people and
behaviour.
In 1945, growth in the industry was seen by collecting the data and about the changes in the
industry. Because people started spending their holiday and visit different places in this year. It
was a sudden change for this industry.
In 1960 industry has faced various factors such as free time of increment, different interest of
clients for long trips and income of the people. TUI company is affected by numbers of other
industries in the market. Because all new competitors are providing different kinds of holiday
packages.
P2. Different elements of travel and tourism industry and the way they interrelate to create the
tourist experience
Different elements of travel and tourism industry are listed as below:
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A good and pleasing weather: A traveller always feel comfortable in choosing a place
where there is a good and pleasing weather. It makes the traveller's stay more comfortable and
enjoying.
Accessibility: Easy accessibility of requirements such a food, shelter, leisure activities,
transportation, etc. makes the traveller journey better and satisfying.
Scenic attractions: Good scenic attractions are important when a traveller is travelling in
order to enjoy the time and place.
Safety and security: Safety comes first when a traveller is going to a place for the first
time and he is unaware about its culture and society. He tends to look for options which will
provide him essential safety and security of the traveller and his belongings as well(Tung, Tang
and King, 2018).
Cultural and historical factors: The cultural and historical factors of a place determines
how much tourism it is going to attract. For example, people travel to Egypt in order to explore
the Egyptian culture and to see the pyramids and other built structures by the early Egyptians.
Amenities: Amenities play an important role for a traveller when he is travelling far from
his home and he requires the necessary essentials to ensure his needs and requirements.
Their interrelation in creating a tourist experience
The above listed factors explain various requirements and expectations of a tourist when
he tends to travel away from his home. These factors determine the value of his experience and
the way it can be made better by any organisation by providing the best resources. Factors such
as a pleasing weather and accessibility will make the tourist more comfortable when he is new to
a certain environment. A good weather will make him friendly to the environment in which he is
into and ease of accessibility will make the traveller's movement easy. The scenic attractions and
the cultural and historical factors will provide the traveller new places to explore and enjoy while
the safety and security will provide him the necessary satisfaction. Various amenities can him
feel comfortable and relaxed even while he is away from his home. All theses factor can help to
the TUI company to create tourist experience. (Arshad, Iqbal, Shahbaz, 2018).
M1
The discrete role of each key element of travel and tourism industry and the interaction of
these elements in providing a tourism experience.
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Elements such as a good and pleasing weather with better accessibility will make the
traveller's movement and experience better. He can relax and enjoy his journey without worrying
about the harsh temperatures and not having any sources to ease him in his movement from one
place to another. Better historical and cultural facts will make the traveller curious about the
place and he will spend more time if he found the place more interesting. Along with it, good
safety and security and various amenities will make him comfortable during his stay as with
better security the traveller need not have to worry about him and his belongings, also, various
amenities would make him feel comfortable during his stay and going to create a satisfying
environment all these elements will help to the TUI company to know about the customer
experience. this interaction can help to the TUI company in providing the journey of a tourist.
(Bærenholdt, Haldrup and Urry, 2017)
D1
The interrelationship between different elements of travel and tourism industry and how a
single element can impact the overall tourist experience
A good and pleasing weather and a good cultural and historical background of a place is
going to make the traveller easy to explore the place. Good safety and security and the provision
of amenities will ensure a better and easy travelling experience(Veal, 2017).
In case of bad weather, the traveller has to suffer from harsh temperatures that will make
him stay more indoors and later it will impact the overall tourism of a place. The traveller can
might get sick and will choose to go back again to the place where he belongs etc. It can impact
the overall tourism experience and the tourism of a particular place as well. This interaction can
help to the TUI company in providing the journey experience of a tourist.(Mowforth and Munt,
2015.).
LO 2
P3. Different factors that affect tourism behaviour
There are many factors which are affecting the tourism behaviour. Some factors are given
as below:
Environment at destination- this is one of the big affecting factor of the tourist
behaviour. Because there are many tourist whom like to travel in different countries because of
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the climate of their destination. For an example- in summer holiday people prefer to travel for
the colder places.
Economy of the country- Economy of the country refers to many economic point.
Unemployment is one of the biggest factor which affect the tourism behaviour. They cannot
afford the travelling expensive. If the economic condition of the country is good, people can
easily spend the money behind travelling. Economic condition of the country that directly affect
the income of people.
Historical and cultural importance of destination- It means a place or destination point
should have their history. Or any significance of culture which will help to the people. And they
will attract towards the destination. People like to travel because of the history of place. They
like to know all the history of the place.
Research importance of destination- Many tourist visit the different places to know
about the facts of place. This kind of tourist liker to research about the new place. Like-
geologists, biologist etc. So this kind of factor also affect the tourist behaviour. Many researcher
like to write new books on different place so they visit different places. And they stay there and
study about the fact things of place (Benur and Bramwell, 2015).
Religious important of destination– Many people like to travel religious places because
of the religious importance of the place. There is huge number of old people who like to travel
for the religious importance of the place. A destination should be religious importance so it will
attract all people to visit the place.
Technology- This factor is commonly used by the people when they decide to visit any
place. They take the help of technology. All the tourist access the web page of TUI company.
This factor helps to updated user.
P4. Models of motivation and their influence on consumer decision making process
There are many influencing factors of consumer decision making process. Accfording to keller's
model of motivation-
Attention- According top this model attention of then tourist can be gain through the different
factors and these are written below-
Culture- This culture of the destination helps to influence the tourist to choose
destination. Just because of the speciality of the destination. Culture is one of the important thing
which play a main role for destination. Culture indicates towards the history of the place. It can
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be help to gain the attention of tourist to visit that place. So this is how culture influence the
decision making process of tourist. For example- after the terrorist attack in Uk all the tourist
was being afraid to visit the places of Uk.
Past Experience- Helps to visit a particular destination again and again. A tourist feels
safe and secure to visit the place by past experience. This factor can herlp to gain the attention of
tourist. Just because people wants to ensure about their safety before their journey.
Cleanliness- This factor shows the qualities of the destination place. Like cleanliness of
the place. It is because there are some people who do not like dirty places. So this factor is also
influence the decision making process.
Confidence- Tourist can confidently take the decision to ensure about their income.
It is one of the main source which influence the decision making process of a tourist( Battour,
2018). A person can think to visit a destination place if their financial condition is very strong.
They can afford a luxurious travelling process if their income will be good. There are many
people who like to travel but due to the financial problems they cannot afford expenses. This is
how this factor affect the decision making process of customers.
Relevance- This factor helps to understand about the tourist relevance, such as their
transportation. Transport is all about the easy to approach the destination. There are many
people who like to afford luxurious travelling process. But they face many problems in their
journey. So this factor is an important part of decision making process. People like to give their
preference to the easy process of travelling. This is how a factor influence the decision making
process (Kumar, 2018).
Satisfaction- satisfaction is based upon the motivation. It is a process to motivate about
all the above factors. Where a tourist can be satisfied to know about all these factors. And they
can make a decision(Korstanje, 2018).
M2
There are many factors which are affecting and influencing the decision making process
of tourists. These are like:
Destination environment- can affect the tourist decision making process. It can be impact
positive and negative both the sides. Mostly tourist visit the places because of the environment of
the destination. But some times weather plays a negative role as well. That also influence the
decision making process of the tourist in negative way.
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Economic condition of the country. This condition indicates towards the financial state of the
person and employment. It helps to take the decisions. Both the factors are mainly affecting the
behaviour and decision making process of the tourist.
SCENARIO 2
LO 3
P5. Emerging patterns and trends in the international travel and tourism industry
Travel to the Middle East will make a big come back- according to the world tourist
organisation Middle East is one of the fastest growing region in the world. In 2018 TUI will be
launching seven new Middle East tours, including Iran and Jordan.
Europe's new frontiers will, help alleviative over tourism- According to this trend all
the stakeholders are adopting less travel places for the redistribute demand.
Modern family dynamics will innovate family travel- Travel industry is providing new
programs and launching new things for the travelling process of single parent in UK. TUI has
launched six new family tours in 2018. So all the parents would not charge travelling without
children.
Adventure travel will cater to experiences- According to this trend, TUI is changing
the definition of adventure travel. TUI is adopting a new way to describe the meaning of
adventure travel. Company is including Real food adventure tours which will offer cooking
classes.
Winter will become the new peak season- According to a survey, it was found that 80%
Americans travel in the winter. Winter attracts most of the tourists to visit places. TUI is
providing the winter festival trips to the tourists.
Cruise travel can have more effective option- There are large ships like curies are
reducing their environmental foot prints. Just because there are many people who spend a lot of
money behind the luxurious travel. Intrepid travel is launching 10 small ships and TUI will also
include 20 shops for the tourist in 2018.
Travel to other countries will reach record numbers- According to NEW YORK
TIMES Canada is one of the hottest destination place. Canada is seeing major growth in different
markets like in Chinese travel.
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Wellness trips will become more active- There are many travel and tourism companies,
are providing new offers of personal well-being. TUI is going to provide health conscious travel
according to tourist demand.
M3
Significance of emerging patterns and trends to the development of global travel and
tourism industry is given as below:
Emerging destinations will take the spotlight- all the Intrepid travel already has their
tours in ETHIOPIA and DJIBOUTI and it is including another ETHIOPIA ITINERARY for this
year. This emerging strategy should be helpful for the travel and tourism industry.
Solo travel is all time high- 40% increase has founded in the recent five years. TUI has
launched their first solo tours in Vietnam, Bali and India. All these are the significance to
develop the global travel and tourism industry (Mchunu,Theron, 2018). TUI
LO 4
P6. Factors affecting the popularity of a range of global destinations
Destination attractiveness is the most crucial and subjective concept in tourism sector.
There are some factors which influenced population their perspective and choices. It is required
for TUI to measure all those factors before planning to make any strategy or tour plan. Tourism
is in its form when the destination boasts of conducive climate. For example In summers people
are more likely to prefer to travel to colder climate or such a hill station. Besides, there are some
more factors that affect the destination images and managing effective business task.
Climate of the county
This is the first factor which drives the mood of the popularity and make changes
accordingly (Boniface, Cooper and Cooper, 2016). Due to some sudden changes in environment
such as winds, flash floods, drought can affect the people perceptions. In context of London,
most of the tourist prefer to visit London during the summer. Climatic condition such as rainy
season year around positively influences people to visit London. The climatic conditions in
London is highly influenced by the ocean. Therefore, London as a tourist destination has cool,
humid and rainy climate which attract tourists. Rainfall mamounts approx. 600 millimeters (23.5
in) per year, and it's not as abundant as in many other European cities. The most of the people
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prefer to visit London during the summer time as this is the best time when outdoor activities can
be conducted.
Economic position of the country
Another undergoing driving factor that likely affect the decision making of tourists. Due
to low economic conditions of the country will affect to the thinking process of travellers. They
spend less in such kinds of conditions in order to keep money. Contrary, if in case economic
condition is good people can more afford to spend money on leisure, tourism progresses. In
context of London , economic condition of a\nation is good. The tourism sector in London has
made significant contribution in generational of employment in the nation which has established
good impression on the mind of people, this is the reason many of the tourist prefer to visit
London.
Culture and History
It is another crucial factor in tourism, some travellers are love to visit at historical places
where they can find some more information. TUI needs to focused and make tours which
includes some good climatic places, architectures, caves, anti-paintings and utensils, clothes,
weapons, ornaments and allied heritages(Lai, Chow and Loi, 2018). In context of London,
destination consists of the culture which is mainly concern to the engineering , festivals,
museums, etc. Tourist those who travel for educational as well as leisure purpose prefer to visit
London. Popular attraction in London are west end shows which make tourist an appeal to visit
destination. In context of London, liesure or entertainment is the main factor which motivates
tourist to Visit London. Culture attracted more than double the proportion of leisure visitors to
the city than any other driver
M4
Factors affecting the popularity of different destinations
In context of London both economic as well as cultural factors positively influences
people to visit London. In addition to this, environmental factor both the factors are highly
affecting the popularity of a destination. It is very important for the TUI company. To take the
strategic decisions it is very important for TUI to include good climate places and historical
places because all this factors will help expand the business of TUI. And company can attract
8

many tourists. There are many destination places in the world. People are not aware about that
places. So TUI should include that places in their special package tours for profit maximization.
D2
Difference between tourist behaviour and popularity of different destination places
There is inter relationship between the behaviour and the popularity of a destination
place. Everting is based on the behaviour of tourist which influence them to make a decision. Itn
can be positive and negative both the sides. Tourist takes the decisions according positive and
negative feedback comments before visit a destination place. (Travel and tourism industry,
2018)Popularity comes according to numbers of visited tourist of a particular destination. So this
is how bosh are inter- linked with each other. In context of London , it is the most popular and
visited destination.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised about the internal structure of travel, and
tourism company TUI. Also, discussed about the changes' gap in the travel and tourism
company. And discussed about the elements of travel and tourism industry and their inter-
relation for tourist experience. Also, discussed about the factors affecting the industry, factors
affected the tourism behaviour. And further discussed about the recent trends and patterns of
travel and tourism industry and factors affected the popularity of a destination place
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Arshad, M.I., Iqbal, M.A. and Shahbaz, M., 2018. Pakistan tourism industry and challenges: a
review. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 23(2). pp.121-132.
Bærenholdt, J. O., Haldrup, M. and Urry, J., 2017. Performing tourist places. Routledge.
Battour, M., 2018. Muslim Travel Behavior in Halal Tourism. In Mobilities, Tourism and Travel
Behavior-Contexts and Boundaries. InTech.
Benur, A. M. and Bramwell, B., 2015. Tourism product development and product diversification
in destinations. Tourism Management. 50. pp.213-224.
Korstanje, M.E., 2018. The Travel and Tourism Industry. In Terrorism, Tourism and the End of
Hospitality in the'West' (pp. 105-126). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Kumar, C.R., 2018. ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEMS IN TOURISM
INDUSTRY. Editorial Board. 7(2). p.241.
Lai, J.Y., Chow, C.W. and Loi, R., 2018. The interactive effect of LMX and LMX differentiation
on followers’ job burnout: evidence from tourism industry in Hong Kong. The
International Journal of Human Resource Management. 29(12). pp.1972-1998.
Mchunu, N. and Theron, F., 2018. Case Study—Amadiba Adventures: Co-Creating Community-
Based Tourism. In Co-Production and Co-Creation (pp. 281-283). Routledge.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and
new tourism in the third world. Routledge.
Tung, V.W.S., Tang, M.F.C. and King, B.E.M., 2018. Tourism industry career prospects and the
business environment: Evidence from Canada and Macau. International Journal of
Tourism Research.
Veal, A. J., 2017. Research methods for leisure and tourism. Pearson UK.
Online
Travel and tourism industry. 2018. [Online]. Available through<https://setupmyhotel.com/train-
my-hotel-staff/front-office-training/74-hospitality-and-tourism-industry.html>.
<https://www.ibef.org/industry/tourism-hospitality-india.aspx>
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