This assignment involves the analysis of three research articles related to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The analysis focuses on identifying key elements within each study, including the broad topic area, independent and dependent variables, the type of data associated with these variables, and the population of interest. Furthermore, the assignment examines the sampling methods employed, distinguishing between random, convenience, and snowball sampling techniques. The core of the analysis involves extracting and categorizing descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (e.g., p-values, correlation coefficients) presented in the articles. The studies investigate relationships between airflow obstruction and quantitative CT measurements, the assessment of erector spinae muscles, and the application of CT imaging in understanding COPD and fibrotic interstitial lung disease. The assignment also requires proper citation and permalink usage in APA format.