This case study provides a detailed analysis of the intervention and management strategies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), focusing on a patient named Robert, a long-time smoker. It delves into the pathophysiology of COPD, differentiating between emphysema and bronchitis, and highlights the impact of smoking and age on disease progression. The study examines the exacerbation of COPD, emphasizing the role of bacterial infections and environmental factors, and discusses the pathophysiology of pneumonia, distinguishing between community-acquired and hospital-acquired types. Furthermore, it explores the pharmacology of administered medications such as Salbutamol, Budesonide/efomoterol fumarate dehydrate (Symbicort), Tiotropium, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, and Levoflaxone, detailing their mechanisms of action, contraindications, and nursing considerations. The case study also touches on the importance of psychosocial interventions for COPD patients. The rationale behind the doctor's decision to replace Symbicort with Tiotropium, considering the patient's pneumonia and potential adverse effects, is also discussed.