Self-Management Support Plan for a COPD Patient: Student Nurse's Guide

This report presents a comprehensive self-management support plan designed for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), emphasizing the critical role of nurses in facilitating patient empowerment and improved health outcomes. The plan outlines the principles of self-management, highlighting the importance of patient involvement, education, and the development of self-efficacy. It delves into the benefits of self-management, including enhanced patient confidence, better symptom management, and improved quality of life. The report discusses the four key principles underlying self-management support: dignity, a system of care, one-on-one care, and skill development. It explores the sources of self-efficacy within the plan, such as mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, persuasion, and emotional/physiological states. Additionally, it addresses the evaluation of the plan's effectiveness, considering factors like patient satisfaction, health outcomes, and self-management behaviors. The report concludes with an examination of the plan's advantages, limitations, and the evidence supporting its implementation, with a focus on collaborative care and the nurse's role in guiding patients toward active participation in their health management.

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 1
Self-management, partnership of a patient living with COPD Under the care of a student
nurse student
Introduction
It is best practice to involve patients in an active role in their health management. Long-
term diseases that include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension,
and heart failure are examples of conditions requiring this. Those with illnesses like these can
have a high rate of morbidity. As a result, it's critical to promote as much successful self-
management as possible. The explanations why patients with COPD may find self-management
beneficial, as well as how nurses might assist them in becoming more active in their self-
management, are described in this paper.
For several years, the government has promoted self-management through general
projects like the Expert Patient Programed and specialized programs like DESMOND for
diabetes and therapeutic interventions for COPD patients. According to research, Individuals
who become more engaged in their healthcare and those with higher degrees of mastery
(described as having a deep understanding or expertise in a discipline) have better results. COPD
is a disease that has an impact on the patient, their family, and the community as a whole.
According to Jane (2019), a 2011 worldwide study on COPD, served as a timely reminder that
several people of working age struggle with COPD, which can have a considerable influence on
the person's financial and social well-being as well as those of the people surrounding them.
Principles of Self-Management
Individuals with long-term medical issues, family and friends, and caregivers will decide
things, take action, and handle a variety of circumstances that affect their health daily. Self-

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 2
management assistance recognizes this and helps people get the information, conviction, and
capabilities they need to determine what is best and take the best actions. Individuals, rather than
healthcare practitioners or services, govern their health and well-being the entire time. The
benefits of assisting people in managing their own health as best as possible are highlighted by
national health policy and mounting evidence of desirable outcomes. Those with health issues,
healthcare providers, providers (both local and outside the NHS), and policymakers can all
benefit from these changes (Fagan et al., 2017) Self-management assistance, when combined
with high-quality professional treatment, ensures that individuals obtain an entire spectrum of
help they need to manage the physical, mental, and social effects of their long-term health issues
at different phases and ages throughout their life.
Self-management care is based on four principles, which include, allowing people to be
treated with dignity, compassion, and respect; providing a system of care, support, or therapy;
providing one-on-one care, assistance, or treatment, and assisting people in recognizing and
developing their own skills and abilities so that they can live a self-sufficient and satisfying life.
However, the groups must work in partnership, with a shared understanding and stick to the self-
management plan. Self-management support for individuals with long-term medical
complications entails: • taking an active role in determining what outcomes are crucial to them
and how they are achievable, in partnership with nurses or other care experts; • getting support in
knowledge formation, skills, self-belief, and tenacity to mitigate the impacts of their symptoms
and constraints to live a happy, fulfilling life; and • becoming eligible to receive the respect they
deserve both within and outside of their health care system. The best self-management support
necessitates changes throughout the system, including how treatments are controlled, scheduled,
commissioned, and delivered, as well as how healthcare practitioners and individuals with long-

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 3
term health issues engage in partnership, and how the individuals get support in between
appointments.
Evidence and underlying principles for the self-management support plan. Consider the
associated benefits and potential challenges
The self-management in this case is guided by the notion that individuals are prone to
take part in activities to a point they have the confidence that they are competent. The parts of
self-management in this support plan include Activities accomplishments, vicarious experience,
Persuasion ability, and emotional coupled with physical states. Self-efficacy will guide the
COPD patient that he is effective in performing specific activities at the age of 60. This support
plan carries significant implications for the patient’s motivation. The plan will provide that
patient with four sources of information that he will utilize in developing self-efficacy decisions.
In order of his age and strength, he will be aware that being highly efficacious requires acting,
thinking, and eliminating the feelings of feeling inefficacious in facing his situation (Fagan et al.,
2017). He will produce his future rather than foretelling it as he manages his situation.
Sources of Self-Efficacy in the Self-management Support Plan
Individual assessment for the plan will be based on the patient’s accomplishments.
Previous successes in dealing with cigarette cessation will give mastery expectations. However,
repeating failures will reduce them. He will achieve vicarious experience by observing other
COPD victims who performed similar activities successfully. It will serve as a form of modeling
and it will culminate in expectations from the individual that he can elevate his performance
through learning from his observations. With persuasion, the individual will be guided through
suggestions, where he will be convinced that he will be successful in handling the specific task

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 4
of self-management. Coaching and utilizing will serve as a source of evaluative feedback on the
performance of the patient. The patient’s emotional and physiological states will impact his self-
efficacy perception regarding specific activities. The plan will inform him that emotional
behaviors such as anxiety can contribute to negative thinking about his ability to accomplish
tasks.
Evidence, Advantages, and Limitations
The successful management of COPD includes a strong partnership between the
caregiver and the patient. This case, require utilizing professional expertise and rolling out
experimental understanding in the collaborative plan. The role of the nurse, in this case, will be
to encourage, facilitate, and guide the patient in all his self-management tasks. When this self-
management support plan is applied to the case, the patient will feel empowered and motivated
to manage his health conditions when he builds confidence in his ability to realize this objective
(Tondora, 2014). The nurse’s interventions for improving the patient’s outcomes will come from
equipping him with the knowledge and skills to enact individual goals and outline plans for
achieving them.
In the context of this self-management plan, self-management entails the person with
COPD acting in ways that support and enhance health, tracking and managing symptoms,
managing the implications of the condition on working, emotional states, and social interactions,
and sticking to treatment. This allows him to make better decisions, make adjustments to new
perspectives and key competencies that can be used to solve new emerging problems, try out
new lifestyle habits, and maintain or restore emotional control.

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 5
Actively taking part in the management of a long-term health issue can provide the
patient more confidence in his ability to handle challenges related to the condition and its
treatment, as well as improve his quality of life. Self-management will as well entail effective
communication with him for him to become an active, rather than combative, and a collaborator
with a healthcare practitioner. According to Tondora, (2014), a collaborative strategy in which
both the patient and healthcare provider are regarded as experts on the problem from different
viewpoints is likely to improve self-management and health care.
COPD is currently being considered a long-term illness, with a greater focus on a patient's
capacity to manage the long-term impacts of COPD and its medication on their own (Bringsvor
et al., 2018). The goal of a self-management plan is to think about how the health service and
experts can help individuals control their health. As a result, the optimum concept of self-
management support is (Health Foundation, report to the NCSI self-management task stream).
Self-management support refers to what the nurse can do to help and encourage the person with
long-term illnesses to enhance their health and overall life. It can be understood in two ways: as a
collection of strategies and instruments, or as a fundamental shift in the patient-nurse relationship
from one of competition to one of partnership.
The self-management plan's goals are to help the participant to complete three task sets:
• Medical treatment for their ailment (e.g. following medication prescriptions, sticking to a
particular diet).
• Performing routine tasks and functions

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 6
• Dealing with the psychological effects of their sickness. In the case of COPD, the aims may be
different because the issues with the health condition are more about lengthy impacts,
medication, and health education instead of continuous disease management.
Quality assessment of the Self-management Support Plan
According to a report by the Health Foundation, there is proof to demonstrate the
usefulness of programs to promote COPD self-management (Bringsvor et al., 2018). The plan
recommends that efforts be concentrated on giving the patient time to build practical knowledge
and competencies in self-managing his health situation. He will be given the ability to create his
own self-management goals and develop ways to achieve them. However, because of the vast
range of aims, content, delivery mode, and duration, presenting evidence of the efficacy of a self-
management support plan is a significant challenge. The concept is based on the idea that giving
patient’s information will promote behavioral changes, and that behavioral change will lead to
better health outcomes. This, however, may not be the case.
Other indicators of effectiveness, such as patient satisfaction, may indicate that self-
management programs are helpful, but they do not result in demonstrable changes in health
outcomes. Illness status, management of symptoms, pain management, wellbeing, self-efficacy
and self-management behavioral patterns, understanding of the situation and its treatment,
cognitive functioning and impairment, prescription drug use, emotional health, active coping,
health‐care utilization, patient experience, and long-term health issues are among the outcomes
utilized by the plan to analyze the efficacy of self-management plan. Education will serve as one
of the self-management plan's favorable benefits, and it will originate not from its influence on
self-management activity, but from the patients' increased sense of self-efficacy. However, the

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 7
proof is necessary because there is so little research that looks at self-efficacy as an outcome,
proof is needed.

SELF-MANAGEMENT SUPPORT PLAN FOR A COPD PATIENT 8
References
Bringsvor, H.B., Langeland, E., Oftedal, B.F., Skaug, K., Assmus, J. and Bentsen, S.B., 2018.
Effects of a COPD self-management support intervention: a randomized controlled
trial. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 13, p.3677.
Fagan, P., de Longh, A., Harden, B. and Wright, C., 2017. Person-centred approaches:
empowering people in their lives and communities to enable an upgrade in prevention,
wellbeing, health, care and support. Health Education England, Skills for Health and
Skills for Care, London.
Nicol, J., 2019. Nursing adults with long term conditions. Sage.
O'Conor, R., Muellers, K., Arvanitis, M., Vicencio, D.P., Wolf, M.S., Wisnivesky, J.P. and
Federman, A.D., 2019. Effects of health literacy and cognitive abilities on COPD self-
management behaviors: a prospective cohort study. Respiratory medicine, 160, p.105630.
Tondora, J., Miller, R., Slade, M. and Davidson, L., 2014. Partnering for recovery in mental
health: A practical guide to person-centered planning. John Wiley & Sons.