Corruption in Nepal: Analyzing Forms, Strategies and Recommendations

This report provides a comprehensive overview of corruption in Nepal, examining its various forms, including bribery, nepotism, Afno Manche, and Chakari. It analyzes the impact of corruption on Nepal's development, particularly in the context of its political landscape. The report explores strategies implemented to tackle corruption, such as the establishment of constitutional bodies like the CIAA (Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority) and the enactment of relevant laws. It also provides recommendations for improving transparency, empowering constitutional bodies, and fostering citizen engagement in the fight against corruption. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a multi-faceted approach to reduce corruption and promote ethical practices across all sectors of Nepali society.

Running head: Corruption in Nepal
Corruption in Nepal

Corruption in Nepal
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Forms of corruption.........................................................................................................................1
Strategies to be considered to tackle corruption..............................................................................3
Recommendations........................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................6
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Corruption in Nepal
Introduction
It has been observed that corruption is known as a phenomenon which consists of many sides
and the forms of corruption are different in every country. Corruption can be stated as “An act of
bribery” or it can also be considered as “misuse of authority”. In the present scenario, the
individuals are more addicted and considering those activities which satisfy their self-need or
greed. Therefore, it can be said that corruption has been one of the major cause of evil for the
economies that are developing and it is present in many different manner. The forms of
corruptions can be Bribery, Nepotism and embezzlement which exist almost in many countries.
In the present scenario, the corruption in Nepal has been spread like a disease. The major
involvement is of political parties who enhanced corruption in Nepal. Nepal is considered as
underdeveloped nation and the factor behind it is corruption. So, it can be stated that there are
various forms of corruption which are prevailing in Nepal. In this paper the discussion will be on
the forms of corruption which exist in Nepal and also the strategies will be discussed that can
help in tackling the same issue which is considered as an important agenda of democracy.
Forms of corruption
Corruption prevails in various countries in different forms. It is one of the economic debates
which take place in the country. After the reinstatement of democracy in Nepal, it has been
examined that the enhancement in the political parties in the country has led to the overall surge
in the illegal activities.
 Bribery
It is considered as the first and major form of corruption that exists in Nepal. The money or gift
is given to someone who is interested in the completing the activities which are illegal. Bribery
can be defined as the term which is related to favoritism and in the support is given in an illegal
manner. It has also been analyzed that in Nepal there are many Nepali business communities
who claims that they give bribe so that their agenda can be fulfilled. It assists to expedite the
entire process as now day’s people don’t prefer to adopt the long process which consumes more
time (Banuri and Eckel, 2015).
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Corruption in Nepal
Also, the businessmen managing their entire activities in Nepal are engaged in the illegal acts by
giving bribes to the officials. The overall environment of the business has been impacted just due
to the economy of Nepal. The policies and procedures of the government are considered as
unfriendly which also force the individuals in the illegal acts (Köbis et al., 2017). There are
various problems of corruption which are common in every country but Nepal is leading in the
given stated data.
Corruption index in 2016 of Nepal
Source: Republica, 2017
Cha-kari
It is considered as the concept where the individuals who are powerful on political ground are
considered. It is only considered to consider the favor of the individuals as it is one who have
influence in many sectors and individuals have to listen to them as they have strong control on
the areas. The individuals respect them with their loyalty towards them so that they can get some
favor. In this the individuals have expectation that they will get something in return for all the
good deeds which are done by them. Chakiri is one of the essential factor on which the people of
Nepal focus (Subedi, 2014).
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Corruption in Nepal
It mostly exist among the employees who have government jobs and they have a connection to
this corruption form so that they can get good promotion and also to secure their job. The
individuals who are engaged in these types of practice are known as Chakariwal. The social life
of the individuals has joined with the Chakari. It has also been highlighted just because of the
governing bodies which are local and it has engaged in ways or in any form of corruption
(Gottschalk and Stanislas, 2017).
 Afno
Manche
This term has a connection with the near and dear people or the associates. This can also involve
the family members, close friends and relatives who can be contacted easily if there is any need
or requirement. This can also be known as the favor that can be taken from the individuals who
are known and also approachable. In this it is necessary for the individual to possess the
attributes like skills and qualification. In this training have no major role or significance in
relation to Afno Manche. The feeling of belongingness is enough for this. One of the best
examples that can be stated in context to the organization is that, an employee in the workplace is
favored just because of the closeness to the people who have power in their hands as compared
to the one who have skills and qualification to consider the role easily (Graycar, 2015). So, this
type of politics or it can be said that favoritism is considered in the workplace.
Nepotism
In this the individual who is in the power give importance to the close individuals who are
common and very existent. This is considered as corruption in Nepal and it also shifted the
overall biases and individuals who want to have Afno Manche. Also if it is still present then the
people who have the skills and are trained can be engaged in the activities (KC and Kharel,
2017).
Strategies considered to tackle corruption
The main objective of the local governing bodies is that the different forms which are present in
Nepal should be reduced. Rate of corruption should be declined as it the matter of national
importance. It has been observed that Nepal has considered a few guidelines and implemented
strategies that should be followed to minimize the entire rate of corruption taking place in the
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Corruption in Nepal
country. To minimize overall corruption it is necessary to focus on right techniques as it can help
in implementing the right policy.
The government of Nepal has established many constitutional bodies so that the overall rate of
corruption can be reduced like CIAA ( commission for the investigation of abuse and authority)
has the motive to evaluate and the focus is given on the cases where the complaints are related to
misuse of authority by the individual who have a strong position. In this the proper investigation
is made on the cases so that corruption rate can be controlled (Integrity,2018). It is also necessary
for the government to ensure that the constitutional bodies should get proper assistance of the
individuals and other bodies who have enough capability of offering a transparent audit report
about the organization or of a person. It also ensured that to maintain the check on the public
resources and revenue gathered to reduce gaps of corruption that are present.
There are many laws that are created by the government and also the acts which have been
enacted to reduce the entire rate of corruption. The prevention of Corruption Act was
implemented as one of the helping aid to CIAA which smoothen the overall process. It is
important for the government to ensure that the legal provisions are implemented on the correct
time in order to reduce the corruption by considering the peace among the individual of Nepal
and also there should be no disturbance among the people living in the society. It is necessary
that morality and discipline should be same at the time of controlling the issue so that individuals
can also cooperate and coordinate at the time of fighting against the major issue related to
corruption (Rose and Peiffer, 2015).
Recommendations
It has been observed that government has been engaged in maintaining its foot forward in many
cases where the corruption is present, but still there are many particular recommendations that
should be implemented so that it can be easy to maintain efficiency. The overall constitutional
body, CIAA should be authorized with the powers and freedom so that it can be easy to consider
the harsh acts that can be considered by them in case of any individual or company who are
engaged in the overall case of corruption. It would also be good if there is a proper transparency
boosted in the overall governmental process or in the projects. It also consists of huge funding
which can help in reducing the issue related to corruption. It will also ensure that there is no
illegal outsourcing of the overall money done by the officials and also expenditure should be
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Corruption in Nepal
counted so that corruption could not take place and it can help in maintaining the entire
activities.
Also, at last, one of the essential recommendations which is necessary to be considered is related
to the individuals of Nepal. It is one of the duties of the citizens of Nepal to take a strong stand
and also they should express their views and opinions on this issue so that it can be easy to
minimize the overall rate of corruption taking place in Nepal. Before changing the country, it is
the responsibility of individuals to change themselves and also the behavior towards the
corruption prevailing in the country. The money is also one of the major concerns but the
behavior of the people and mindset can be one of the major issues that can take place.
It is important for the individual to change their thinking and they should realize that to engage
in the activities can only have loss in their country and also of individuals. Also with this the
policies it should be made by the country so that it can ensure the people are strict by considering
the set guidelines and also they will not be indulged in any fraudulent activities. So, any people
who are engaged in practicing the corruption from should handle the activities with proper care
and also the legal actions should be considered as the initial step that should be considered
against them so that corruption can be minimized and it will also boost the ethical practices.
Conclusion
So, by analyzing the paper it has been concluded that corruption is one of the root cause which
led the overall economy of Nepal fall. It is necessary for Nepal to focus on reducing the impact
of corruption on the activities and it can be only done by considering the guidelines. The people
who are engaged in corruption should be penalized with the justified penalty without any
biasness. Each citizen should be treated equally so that the issue related to corruption can be
minimized in a proper manner.
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Corruption in Nepal
References
Banuri, S. and Eckel, C., 2015. Cracking down on bribery. Social Choice and Welfare, 45(3),
pp.579-600.
Gottschalk, P. and Stanislas, P. eds., 2017. Public Corruption: Regional and National
Perspectives on Procurement Fraud. CRC Press.
Graycar, A., 2015. Corruption: Classification and analysis. Policy and Society, 34(2), pp.87-96.
Integrity,G., 2018.Nepal corruption report. .[Online]. Business anti-corruption. Available at
https://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/nepal/. [Accessed on 18 January
2019].
KC, G. and Kharel, P., 2017. The Dynamics of Representing Nepal's Struggle for Modernization:
from Nepalization to Fatalism. Dhaulagiri: Journal of Sociology & Anthropology, 11(7), pp.130-
50.
Köbis, N.C., van Prooijen, J.W., Righetti, F. and Van Lange, P.A., 2017. The road to bribery and
corruption: Slippery slope or steep cliff?. Psychological science, 28(3), pp.297-306.
Republica., 2017. Nepal made scant progress against corruption: TI [Online]. Available at:
https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/nepal-3rd-most-corrupt-country-in-south-asia/.
[Accessed on 18 January 2019 ].
Rose, R. and Peiffer, C., 2015. Paying bribes for public services: A global guide to grass-roots
corruption. Springer.
Subedi, M., 2014. Afno Manchhe: Unequal Access to Public Resources and Institutions in
Nepal. Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 8(2), pp.55-86.
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