Advanced Diploma in Counselling: Social Issues, Theories, and Laws

This report delves into various aspects of counselling, starting with a discussion of social issues within a professional context, emphasizing the importance of trained professionals in resolving personal, social, and psychological difficulties. It explores theories such as Freud's psychoanalytic theory and ...Read More

Advanced diploma in
counselling

Table of Contents
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.....................................................................................................1
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1: The give which is well show the perspective and advice which is related with the social issue
which is especially a professional context that help assist and guide clients. In addition, by the
trained person on the professional basis, to resolve the personal and social and psychological
issue and difficulties. There are various of counselling which is well associated that is
educational counselling, rehabilitation counselling and mental health counselling and so on.
According to the Freud psychoanalytic theory, all the psychic energy which is well generated by
libido. In addition, it is also suggesting that the mental state is usually influenced by the two
competing forces that is cathexis and anticathexis. In addition, the individual psychology may
show the aspect which is related with the body of theories of the context to Austrian psychologist
Alfred alder who is held to show the main motive of the human though and their behaviour who
is individual and fight for the superiority and the power (Atkinson, 2018).
2: In this, glassser usually believe that every choice is purposeful and that have potential to make
the attempt which is best in nature with the information at their peak of disposal. In addition, the
reality therapy, Glasser usually motivate people in order to look such choice which is useful and
objectify that they can continue whether they are actually bringing down the thinks closer which
is generally optimise the people for their goals. The Moreno psychodrama is also defined as the
technique which is taken under the aspect of training and of group therapy which is showing the
aspect which is well related the obey of law of sociometry. In the initial stage within the career,
the Moreno as said Freud found that they have the transcultural position which make them allow
to better observation that make him better and help to show the observation which is related with
the classical occident individual captive of his factor which is well related with the tinned
culture. The five bedrock principle which is used within the counselling are autonomy, justice,
beneficence, non-maleficence and fidelity which is ethical for the principle (Aynalem, Badi, and
Solomon, 2022).
3: Psychotherapy is defined as the session or counselling process or the talk therapy which is
provide the way to help the people with the broad variety of the mental illness and emotional
difficulties. Therefore, the psychotherapy is helpful for the elimination or to control the trouble
so the person can show the function which is better and enhance the wellbeing and healing. It is
helpful in order to deal with the various condition which may be associated with the mental
disorder such as depression, anxiety and so on which may show the aspect which is well related
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with the context of issue which mainly include the coping with the daily life. Counselling is
mostly show the directive while the psychotherapy is less directive. In addition, the
psychotherapy usually focused on the adjustment and the psychological issue (Banerjee, 2019).
4: The psychodynamic approach is defined as the personality in the term of unconsciousness
psychological process for example which mainly include the wishes and fear from which the
person is not aware. The contend that show the childhood experience which is crucial in the
order to shape the adult’s personality. The concept of the conflict which is well state that the
human interaction where the disharmony show their presence usually crate the situation where
parties compete over the goals, values and interest. Therefore, such war or fight which is started
between the parties are usually create the state of mind which is well related with the concept of
conflict (Dogan, 2022).
5: The attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome which is generally marked as the ongoing pattern
which is well related with the inattention and hyperactivity impulsivity which may render the
functioning of the development which is well related with the children learning abilities and so
on. The autism spectrum is defined as the situation which is well related with the brain
development that usually show the effect which is useful to perceive and socialise with the other
and causing the issue which is related with the interaction and communication. In addition, the
adult counselling is generally focus on the emotional, mental and behavioural challenge which is
faced by adult in different stage. Whereas, child psychology done by focus on the mental needs.
Trauma is defined as the emotional response which is terrible event which mainly include the
accident, natural disaster and many more.
6: The major of symptoms which is well related with the PTSD are feeling and shame or guilt,
challenge in controlling the thought and emotions, losing concentration and relationship
difficulties, it is all major symptom whether they also collect various symptom such as isolation
and so on. Therefore, the cognitive behaviour therapy which is also called as the CBT is helpful
to work in the case of drug and alcohol use disorder where they are effective create better
understanding which is well related with the behaviour of client and act accordingly which may
resist the client to use alcohol or substance (Falzon and et. al., 2020).
7: In this, the generalised anxiety disorder which is marked by the excessive, exaggerated
anxiety and the worry which is related with the everyday life events which is related without any
obvious reason. In addition, the person with the sign and symptoms of the generalised anxiety
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disorder which may always show the expect which is well defined as the concept of disaster
which cannot stop to take the tension of the health, money and so on which is associated with the
person daily needs and so on. In addition, to this, the post-traumatic stress disorder is also
defined as the complex disorder which is well related with the mental disorder. It is well defined
as the mental situation which is generally trigger by the event which is terrifying and which is
analyse or experience by the individual or witness for that particular events. There are various of
symptoms which generally include the flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety which is well
related with the uncontrollable thoughts which is generally associated with the events. The
paranoid personality disorder which is well related with the people where they used to take the
aspect which is showing the factor which is well related with the contrast of the personality
disorder may be disrupted and other and suspicious of their motive. In addition, they also show
the aspect which is related with the schizoid personality disorder and also show the aspect which
is related with the schizotypal personality disorder. These all are different form of personality
disorder which may analyse with the individual (Fitzgerald and et. al., 2021).
8: Bipolar Disorder: It is defined as the mental disorder which include the mood swing which is
ranging from the thought of depression to the low to manic high.
Major Depressive Disorder: The major depressive disorder is well analysed as the characterised
by the persistent depressed mood or the loss of interest which is well related with the activities
and social group which may cause the significant impairment in the term of daily events.
Anorexia Nervosa Disorder: The Anorexia Nervosa Disorder is defined as the eating disorder
which may cause the people to obsess which is well related with the weight and what they can
eat. It is generally characterised by the body image which is distorted which is showing the fear
which is related with the being obese or overweight (Keynejad, Hanlon, and Howard, 2020).
Narcolepsy Disorder: It is defined as the chronic sleep disorder which is generally show the
characterisation with the overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attack of sleep. The
people with the aspect of narcolepsy disorder show the difficulties in awake for the longer
period.
Primary Hypersomnia Disorder: It is generally occurring with the no medical condition which
show the showing the symptom of excessive sleep due to extreme fatigue which is faced by
individual (Kim, Khawaja, and Eivers, 2020).
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9: The life coach is defined as the person which advice people to make their life happier through
changing the small changes in the term of lifestyle. Therefore, the career counselling is well
defined as the process which is well related with the people or the process which help to known
and create the understanding which is showing the aspect which is related with the work in order
to make the proper career, educational and life decision. The career development is more than the
just deciding on the major and what job that the person is used to take. The stage of career
counselling is:
 Gathering of data and information.
 Process of career counselling which is awareness.
 Exploration
 Decision making
 Preparation.
 Execution and proper implementation (Lavoie, and Talwar, 2020).
10: In the general term, the difference which is analyse between the family law and civil law are
that the civil law is usually show the involvement which is suing the someone money, damage to
property or person. Whereas, the family law show some of the cases which is well related with
the divorce, child support and child custody. The function of family law is regulating the family
relationship which may include the marriage and divorce, related economic matters. There are
several of value which is well related with the family value which is showing the moral and
ethical principle that follow the context which is showing the traditionally upheld and the passed
within the family which may include truth and faith (Loshar-Woyram, 2020).
11: The development of the marital law is usually focus on the rules and regulation which is
taken place in order to make the appropriate marriage which is certified in nature and cause the
reliable and validated which is lawful with the government and so on. These all showing the
aspect which may tend to show the aspect which is related with the marital law. There are some
of the formalities which is well performed during the marriage are to complete the application
form, passport size photographs, the marriage certificate document and proof of residence and
age of the parties which is all necessary in order to process the marriage. In addition to
importance of registration, the wedding become validated and lawful where they are legally live
together and applied for the visa and other residence with the help of registration.
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12: The domestic violence is defined as the commitment of the crime which is well related with
the victim domestic circle. It includes the partner and the ex-partner who is used to show the
aspect which is well related with the term of domestic violence which is used when the
appropriate close relationship is well understood is done between the offender and the victim.
The children are usually show the mental issue and psychological issue due to the long term
domestic violence. The domestic violence and matrimonial proceeding act 1976 which show the
law and legislation which is takin place in order to made the combat of the domestic violence. It
is also show the aspect which is well related where the victim used to get offer with the civil
protection for the those the context of the risk of abuse (Mitchell, 2021).
13: There are various of technique which is used in order to reduce the stress which is based
upon the couple and enhance support within the couple. In addition, the couple can choose
various of technique which may show the aspect which is well related with the deep breathing,
imagery, progressive muscle relaxation and other associated meditation which may help to
reduce the issue of stress among the couple which may provide proper support to them. The art
and play based activities which may support the couple in order to reduce the issue of stress and
anxiety. They used to perform various exercise and make proper communication with each
which may place a reliable aspect which is well contributed in order to provide the vision which
may support the couple to do proper exercise and perform activities such as playing online games
together and having fun with the help to activities may help to promote the quality of health
which is showing the absence of stress among couple (Mukattash and et. al., 2021).
14: The serious disagreement or the argument which is showing the aspect which is well related
with the disagreement which is generally occur when they are getting together and may cause the
issue which is related with the incompatible conversation which may cause the issue of conflict.
In addition, they show the enhanced stress and anxiety which is based among the individual
which may show the decrease the productivity and the satisfaction. In this, they are showing the
aspect which is well related with the defeated and demeaned which have potential to lower the
individual morale and also show the enhance factor. There are four factor which is may work as
the component of effective conflict resolution which is empathy is the key, do not abandon self-
respect, there is no any held up which is related with the winning and losing. Maintain the open
communication which is showing the aspect which is well related with the going to the forwards.
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15: In order to establish the secure relationship, there are various of properties are used such as
having the self-esteem and enjoying the intimate relationship, seeking the support which is based
on the social support, and the ability to share which is feeling with the other people. Therefore,
they also used to analyse that there is different type of affairs which is well discussed. The
emotional affair which is nonphysical, the romantic affairs, accidental affairs, love addict affairs
and many more which is taken under the study which show the aspect of relationship which is
broken due to such behaviour (Neimeyer and et. al., 2021).
16: The importance of the apology and forgiveness may play vital role in the relationship which
may create binding and secure relationship that held trust and other aspect. The apology may
show the aspect which provide the context to move past in anger and prevent from being stuck in
the past. In addition, the apology usually provides the open door to forgiveness which allow to
make the empathy for the wrong door. The ten common challenge of marriage which may have
potential to end the relationship if the better understanding has been not placed among the
couple.
 Communication issue.
 Ignoring and boundaries.
 Lack of sexual intimacy.
 Fighting for the money and bugs.
 Value and priorities difference.
 Difference life stage (Paz, Adana‐Díaz, and Evans, 2020).
17: The self-injury is well defined as the aspect which is usually showing the occurrence when
the people used to face the issue which is related with the stress and distress feelings. They
usually suffer various of issue which is well related with the temporarily show the intense
feeling, pressure and or the term of anxiety. In other hand, the study also reveals some of the
aspect which is showing the means which help to control and manage the pain which is unlike
the pain which is experienced through the aspect of physical or the context of sexual abuse. In
addition, it is also related with the term which may show the aspect where the proper approach is
used to taken which may show the aspect of trauma (Zhou, Li, and Du, 2021). In addition, it is
important to collect the information of the client which is showing the aspect that help to provide
collect with the help of documentation which is reliable for the study which is showing the
passive record of the behaviour which may influence due to the various aspect which may show
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the behaviour of self-harm and injury which is controlled by recording and recovery is also
measured.
18: The client counsellor relationship is the major aspect which show the context which allow
the counsellor to make proper understanding which is well related with the crises. In addition,
situation is well analysing and proper support is used to provide to the client which is be depend
on the emotional support and care. Therefore, the study is well focus on the context which may
provide the information of client that is based on client feeling and their thought which is must
negotiated by the client in order to develop the plan which is helpful to provide the proper
support and care to the client in such situation (Sahu, 2018).
19: The CBT is generally used to provide the session which is showing the aspect which is well
related with the talkative therapy. In addition, they are useful in order to provide the context that
support the either alone or in combination with the other associated therapies which is helpful in
order to treat the mental health illness or disorder which is related with the depression, post-
traumatic stress disorder or an eating disorder. In addition, it is suggested that the use of low
intensity CBT are show their aspect where the appropriate term and condition are used to revel
which show the aspect which help to provide the rationale that support the individual with the
help of CBT (Yee, Fong, and Ng, 2020).
20: Mindfulness based cognitive therapy usually helpful in order to build upon the principle of
the cognitive therapy which is used to technique which majorly include the mindfulness
meditation in order to teach the people which is based on the consciously pay attention toward
the aspect which is related with the term of thoughts and feeling without which may place any of
the aspect which is showing the aspect which is showing the judgment upon them. The
electroconvulsive therapy which is defined as the process and procedure which done under the
general anaesthesia which is show the small electric current which is pass through the aspect
which is related with the brain intentionally show the trigger a brief seizure. The ECT which
show the seems to cause which make the change in the continuous brain chemistry which may
show the aspect which can quickly reverse the statistical of certain mental health condition which
show the aspect which is show the aspect of mental illness. The counsellor which is need to basic
communication skill to do effective counselling. In this, attending refers to the ways which is
show the counsellors which client physically and psychology. Listening and basic empathy and
so on (Smith and et. al., 2018).
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Atkinson, T., 2018. Practical feline behaviour: understanding cat behaviour and improving
welfare. CABI.
Aynalem, G.L., Badi, M.B. and Solomon, A.A., 2022. Consistent Condom Utilization and its
Associated Factors among Sexually Active Female Anti-Retro Viral Treatment Users in
Finoteselam District Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018. Journal of the International
Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC), 21, p.23259582221088430.
Banerjee, A., 2019. Text and voice-enabled chatbot enhancing the user experience in career
counselling domain (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin Business School).
Dogan, S., 2022. Social justice-oriented school counsellors and programmes: A new conceptual
framework for social justice principles. Education 3-13, pp.1-10.
Falzon, R., Galea, C., Galea, R., Galea, S. and Muscat, M., 2020. Reflecting on Maltese school‐
based counselling practices: An autoethnographic collaborative writing
project. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20(1), pp.81-91.
Fitzgerald, K., Vaughan, B., Fleischmann, M., Pritchard, S., Mulcahy, J. and Austin, P., 2021.
Utilisation of pain counselling in osteopathic practice: secondary analysis of a nationally
representative sample of Australian osteopaths. Scandinavian journal of pain, 21(2),
pp.330-338.
Keynejad, R.C., Hanlon, C. and Howard, L.M., 2020. Psychological interventions for common
mental disorders in women experiencing intimate partner violence in low-income and
middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet
Psychiatry, 7(2), pp.173-190.
Kim, H.J., Khawaja, N.G. and Eivers, A., 2020. Stress and support: The dual role of the migrant
community in the acculturation of Korean migrant families in Australia. Journal of
Community & Applied Social Psychology, 30(1), pp.103-116.
Lavoie, J. and Talwar, V., 2020. Care to share? Children's cognitive skills and concealing
responses to a parent. Topics in Cognitive Science, 12(2), pp.485-503.
Loshar-Woyram, S., 2020. Depression among Women in the Ketu-South Municipality:
Counselling Implications (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape Coast).
Mambwe, P. and Tembo, J., An Investigation into the Quality of History Taken During Antenatal
Care in Selected Clinics of Lundazi District-Zambia.
Mitchell, D., 2021. My Being in Time: How my past lives reveal who I still am: Presentation
given at the Society for Existential Analysis Annual Conference, London, 14 November
2020. Existential Analysis, 32(1), pp.43-49.
Mukattash, T.L., Jarab, A.S., Al-Qerem, W., Abu Farha, R.K., Itani, R., Karout, S., Mukattash,
I.L. and Basheti, I., 2021. Providing pharmaceutical care during the COVID-19
pandemic: attitudes and experiences of home-treated patients in Jordan. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 12(2), pp.321-324.
Neimeyer, R.A., Testoni, I., Ronconi, L., Biancalani, G., Antonellini, M. and Dal Corso, L.,
2021. The Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale and the Inventory of
Complicated Spiritual Grief: The Italian Validation of Two Instruments for Meaning-
Focused Assessments of Bereavement. Behavioral Sciences, 11(11), p.149.
Paz, C., Adana‐Díaz, L. and Evans, C., 2020. Clients with different problems are different and
questionnaires are not blood tests: A template analysis of psychiatric and psychotherapy
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clients' experiences of the CORE‐OM. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20(2),
pp.274-283.
Sahu, K.K., 2018. Contemporary Trends in PSW Teaching: Challenges and Opportunity to
Expand. Indian Journal of Psychiatric Social Work, 9(2), pp.60-62.
Smith, H., Gholami, M.R., Downie, A., Frank, B., Turner, R., Mulligan, N. and Kaupp, J., 2019.
Bidirectional Transfer Pathway for Ontario’s Engineering and Technology Programs.
Wilde, M., Walton, S.L., Knapik, G. and Brigden, M., 2018. Oncology social work services in
the community oncology setting: The Jack Ady Cancer Centre experience. Oncology
Exchange, 17(1).
Yee, H.H., Fong, B.Y. and Ng, T.K., 2020. Overview of palliative care service in Hong
Kong. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 15(2), pp.39-44.
Zhou, Q., Li, N. and Du, W., 2021. Does health service utilisation mediate the effect of disability
on psychological distress: Evidence from a national representative survey in
Australia. Global Public Health, 16(3), pp.448-459.
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