Foundation of Counselling Skills: Models and Theories Overview

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of several key theories and models utilized in the field of counselling. It begins by introducing the importance of theories in establishing effective counselling practices, emphasizing their role in understanding interpersonal relationships, guiding new approaches, and providing a framework for counsellors. The essay then delves into four specific models: individual psychology, psychoanalytical theory, person-centered theory, and behavioral theory. For each model, the essay outlines the main founder, core principles, models of personality, health, abnormality, and the practical application of each theory in the counselling process. The essay highlights the contributions of Alfred Adler, Carl Rogers, and B.F. Skinner, offering insights into their perspectives on human behavior and therapeutic techniques. The essay concludes by underscoring the significance of these diverse approaches in enhancing the effectiveness and reasonableness of the counselling process, and the importance of selecting a counsellor that can effectively address the client's problems.