Investigating COVID-19 Impact on Hospitality Jobs in UK

This research report investigates the impact of COVID-19 on employee jobs within the UK hospitality sector, with a specific focus on Hilton. The report begins with an introduction outlining the background, rationale, and research methodology, including a Gantt chart for project management. A comprehensive literature review explores existing research on the topic, followed by a detailed description of the research methodology employed. The study utilizes a qualitative research approach, including data collection through surveys and secondary data analysis. The report then presents data analysis and interpretation, followed by an analysis and discussion of the findings, leading to recommendations for Hilton regarding workforce management. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and implications of the research, and the report concludes with a list of references.

Research Report

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background.............................................................................................................................3
Rationale.................................................................................................................................5
Research methodology...........................................................................................................5
Gantt chart..............................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................7
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................12
DATA-ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.................................................................18
ANALYSE AND DISCUSSION..................................................................................................28
RECOMMENDATIONS ..............................................................................................................29
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................31
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................32

Title: To investigate the impact of Covid-19 on employee’s job in the context of UK hospitality
sector: A study on Hilton
INTRODUCTION
In the present scenario, pandemic conditions formulate various challenges or issue that
generate problems for organisation to perform their work in an appropriate manner. Covid-19
formulate long term problems and it results management face challenges to manage and retain
similar profits. The impact of Covid-19 states that employees face problems and it is because
various hospitality or other organisation reduce the number of workforce to cut or reduce their
operational cost. Covid-19 conditions impacted on all sectors of the economy and society it also
define with understand of all pandemic conditions it is essential to formulate policies that
minimise impact on workforce and their work methods (Reardon, Bellemare and Zilberman,
2020). With investigate about all factors related with pandemic conditions management analyse
the number of surroundings to generate centre that manage and prevent challenges related with
workforce. Further, healthcare organisation around all over the world support employee's and
individuals to manage and control disease. Until pandemic conditions gets over it is identified
that impact of health, economy, supply chain etc. to estimate about workplace and engage
workforce for reducing the number of challenges related with hospitality sector. Job loss and job
change generate problems and it create drastic changes on workforce roles and methods.
Background
In the current times, Covid-19 affected the entire business operations adversely. Due to
this, business activities and performance of hospitality sector is affected the most. UK hospitality
industry is marked as third biggest employer which provides range of employment opportunities
(Brown. and Cowling 2021). However, pandemic created direct impact upon the job of
employees which includes salary cut down, reverse impact on talent pool and majority of
employees become jobless (Sharma, Adhikary and Borah, 2020). For the current proposal Hilton
has been selected which provide luxurious and high quality accommodation services to their
customers. In this, proposal will shed light on the effect that pandemic having on employee’s job
level within hospitality industry. Further, it also highlights the research tool and technique that
can be used by researcher to analyse issue effectively.

According to the views of Jung, Jung and Yoon (2021), the labour trend of UK hospitality
sector is fluctuating after pandemic. The hospitality industry contributes majorly in relation to
providing employment opportunities. Nevertheless, after pandemic it is the only sector where
most of the employees become jobless. Aguiar-Quintana and et.al., (2021) also identified in their
study that there is negative impact upon those individuals who have a lowest income. Therefore,
it is examined that there is such a rapid fall in employment where around 7.6 million jobs are at
risk in terms of reduction in salaries, temporary furloughs etc (Khan and et.al., 2021).
Chen and Eyoun (2021) presented their views that the effect of pandemic upon
hospitality sector is negative because of travel restriction most of the employees do not come to
their respective workplaces and then companies fire their employees. On the others side, Yu,
Park and Hyun (2021) also argued that due to sudden loss of jobs, existing employees gets
demotivated that also affect performance. Further, it shows that there is an adverse impact upon
the employee’s job and this also affect their behaviour as well. Apart from this, 1.25 billion
workers are employed within hospitality sector but with low paid and low skilled jobs which is
considered as a sudden loss of income (Covid-19 causes devastating losses in working hours and
employment, 2021).
Yue and Cowling (2021) explained in their study that most of the hospitality companies
deduct employee’s salary and increase working hours after pandemic, along with frequent job
cut. This reflect that there is a heavy loss of most of employee’s job and many of them work in
an informal sector that is creates reversing impact upon talent pool.
Rational to conduct study on Covid-19 and it's impact on workforce
Their are various roles performed by an organisation to fulfil requirements of customers.
Hospitality sector provide different services to the customers but due to current pandemic
conditions all trade activities is reduced. This results employee's face various challenges and it
create challenges for workforce to manage work in a proper manner (Helm, Renk and Mishra,
2016). Therefore, it is mandatory for an organisation and the investigator to complete all task in
an organised manner specifically to improve their work methods in order to reduce the risk
related with employee's health.
Research gap: There is not much study conducted within hospitality sectorand that is why,
through this research scholar provide impact of Covid-19 upon the employee’s job.
Aim: To study the impact of Covid-19 on employee’s job within Hilton”

Objectives:
 To examine recent labor trends within UK hospitality sector.
 To ascertain the effect of COVID-19 on hospitality sector with regards to labor relations.
 To critically analyze the challenges faced by Hilton during Covid-19 on employee’s job
in the context of Hilton.
 To recommend strategies to Hilton in relation to managing workforce effectually.
Research questions:
What is the recent labor trends existing within UK hospitality sector?
What are the effect of COVID-19 on hospitality sector with regards to labor relations?
What is the effect of Covid-19 on employee’s job in the context of Hilton?
Rationale
The rationale for doing this research is to examine how Covid-19 affected the employee’s
job within Hilton. This in turn considered as a research issue because majority of the employee
lose their jobs, whereas some of them gets demotivated. So, it is recognized as an issue now
because the overall trend of UK hospitality labour trends affected adversely which in turn
increase unemployment as well (Khan and et.al., 2021). Thus, through thematic perception test
technique, research could also shed a light on the level to which pandemic affects employee’s
job within hospitality sector. The existing pandemic conditions generate different challenges and
it aids to perform work with decided food system. Also individual manage work by analyse of
workforce that increase factors to complete all task in an organised manner. It define about all
work aspect and it aids workers for completing work according to supportive factors that
increase and expose all global factors to induce about health related factors that protect
workforce from getting affected because of current diseases.
Research methodology
Research type: Type of a research are distinguished in two forms i.e. qualitative and
quantitative (Snyder, 2019). For analysing the impact of pandemic on employee’s job qualitative
research type will be chosen. Moreover, the aspects regarding to Covid-19 and employee’s job
are theoretical which cannot be addressed through numerical terms
Research Approach: To examine impact of Covid-19 upon employee’s job of Hilton
inductive research approach will be used. Through this, scholar would become able to address
and analyse qualitative issue effectually and identify the pattern of observation.

Research Philosophy: Mainly, there are mainly two types of philosophy that can be used
such as interpretivism and positivism. In the context of present study, interpretivism philosophy
will be adopted in order to evaluate qualitative data pertaining to employee’s jobs during Covid-
19.
Data collection: To address defined objectives, information will be collected from both
methods i.e. primary and secondary (Mohajan, 2018). For primary research, survey will be
conducted on 20 managers of Hilton through questionnaire. Whereas, published articles, books
pertaining to impact of Covid-19 on employee’s job will be assessed under secondary research.
Sampling: In the present study, scholar has to select sample in order to get valid outcomes.
Thus, by referring purposive sampling techniques, 20 Managers of Hilton will be chosen.
Data analysis: To analyse the responses of selected participants, scholar will employ
thematic data analysis. In this, investigator drawn different graphs, tables and themes in order to
present the findings in presentable manner.
Ethical consideration: To conduct study effectively, it is necessary to comply with all the
ethical principles. Along with this, consent forms will be sent to respondents in order to take
their approval prior to study (Ngozwana, 2018). Further, reference list will be attached at the end
of report in order to ensure that work is not copied.
Reliability and validity: To ensure validity aspects, research papers will be considered that
published after 2018. Along with this, all the selected articles will be related to chosen topic that
shows research is valid. Furthermore, copyright protected sources will be used that reflects
reliability of a study.
Research limitation: In the present study, time and money are considered as a limitation.
It is so because of limited time frame scholar do not used quantitative tool. Therefore, to avoid
such limitation, thematic analysis will be performed that provide valid outcomes as well.
Gantt chart
S.no Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
1 Selection of topic 2 days Thu 2/18/21 Fri 2/19/21
2 Developing Aim and
objectives 2 days Mon 2/22/21 Tue 2/23/21 1
3 Reviewing the various
literature 4 days Wed 2/24/21 Mon 3/1/21 1,2
4 Identifying different
methods of research 3 days Tue 3/2/21 Thu 3/4/21 2,3

5 Submitting the proposal 1 day Fri 3/5/21 Fri 3/5/21 4
6 Waiting for feedback 5 days Mon 3/8/21 Fri 3/12/21 5
7 Modifying and
submission 2 days Mon 3/15/21 Tue 3/16/21 6
LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review is explained as a survey of different scholarly sources related with a
specific topic. This provide an overview about the current knowledge as it allow individuals for
identify of different theories, models, gaps and methods that exists within research. In simple
terms, literature review is explained as a search as well as evaluation of available literature
related with a specific topic. The main focus of literature review is to gather in-depth
information related with subject and it also aids to understand research into existing body to
perform research in a proper manner. Literature review demonstrate familiarity with body of
knowledge and topic that demonstrate credibility of work. Further, it also summarise about
project and research factors to investigate about all subject and gaps related with research
project.
Investigate of labour trends related with hospitality industry
From the perspective of Jordan Hollander, 2021 In the present scenario, future aspects of
hospitality industry are changing with rapid speed and this refers faster changes among hotels
create various challenges for hospitality industry to perform all work according to decided time-
period. This is complex for hotel management to manage and complete all task according to
decided trends. Hotel management generate different results through adopting business task

which is related with specific hotel industry. It consider different research trends is identified and
it related with research trends that aids to design all aspects related with hospitality industry.
Hospitality industry is enhancing their size and it aids to perform all task in an appropriate
manner. This also consider about all those task by which all individuals complete task according
to research trends. It consider work is managed according to analyse of all systems which is
related with renewable energy aspects. Due to Covid-19 there are different changes related with
employees work is identified such as to use protective gears including mask, gloves and use of
hand sanitizer to perform their work in a safe and appropriate manner. This determines change in
hospitality business also formulate new way for labour to complete their task in a systematic
manner. It consider work is managed by analyse of research trends that is related with alternative
factors of changes. Smart rooms and internet related with aspects aids to spread about different
aspects that helps to access different areas to manage all work with decided smartphone.
Hospitality and tourism perform work with decided skills trade and proportion of work to
complete research in an desired manner specifically to manage task with decided trends. This
consider all work is manage by adding support that improve employee efficiency to perform
work in a proper manner. Moreover, detailed information is gathered and utilised by an
investigator to manage their work in proper manner. Local workforce plays an important role to
improve all factors which is related with hospitality sector. It consider prioritise related with
work help the stakeholder to perform their task with decided information. Further, hospitality
industry is also focused to manage their work according to environment sustainability and it
helps to perform work with decided manner. In the last, management complete their task
according to decided manner that make results by adoption of appropriate green practices and
aspects that is related with changes. It also define changing workforce is another factor
according to this it refer that employee's task are changing and due to this work methods of an
organisation is also changing. This results changes in demographic areas and global workforce
methods also create problems for management and engaged workforce to perform their task in a
decided manner in order to recruit effective workforce that improve overall productivity of
organisation.
What are the effect of COVID-19 on hospitality sector with regards to labor relations
According to the J Hosp Manag, 2021 The labour crisis related with Covid-19 generate
pandemic conditions and it results that unemployment is increase at global level and according

to new assessment specifically with International labour organisation. This is complex for
engaged workforce to generate coordinated response which is related with crisis of employment.
According to this this is analysed that global unemployment impacts on labour relation because
now employee's are focused to manage work in a competitive manner. This define about
workplace aspect aids to complete task according to decided manner in order to relate them with
employment related factors. Their are different crisis relates with hospitality sector and it
consider lack of coordination generate problems to manage work related with organisation. On
the other side, protecting workers at the workplace, stimulation of economy and obtaining
support related with job aids to perform work in an equal manner. But due to different measure
of Covid-19 this is difficult for tourism sector to drive better growth and jobs in an organisation
specifically with those that is related with hospitality sector. On the other side, impact related
with workers aids towards formulation of efforts that represent and consider all those factors
which is related with International labour standards and also this helps to consult about policies
that reduce challenges for labour. In context of this researcher or investigator this is understand
unprecedented circumstances that is raised due to Covid-19 create different problems for
hospitality industry. According to this there are different thwart relates with all sector and it raise
question for management for survive in market for a longer period. It also define the main focus
of an investigator is to address different questions that relates with Covid and its impact on
employees behaviour. With analyse of all systems it is consider that participants perform an
important role to manage all work in an organised manner. This is also used to address about all
problems that is related with development factors of workforce and their relations in order to
manage work in an appropriate manner by studying about all those factors that is related with
Covid-19. Further, the last year was too much unsettle and unfortunate due to which diseases and
infection take place among all over the world due to which all work is stopped. It also define
about aspects that create loss of jobs so conflicts between labour take place that create problems
in order to ensure their job safety.
What is the effect of Covid-19 on employee’s job in the context of Hilton
As per the viewpoint of ED Frauenheim, 2020 With the spread of virus among all over
the globe, it is identified that hotels business face challenges because the number of room
occupancy, revenue related with business is decreased and this laid Hilton to manage work in
difficult situations. Overall, this is understand that choices offered by organisation aids to

increase in the number of jobs at global level. The number of corporate workforce is raised at
global level and according to this individual obtain longer results through managing task in
decided time-period. This refers hospitality organisation provide services to individuals for
increasing their revenue by attracting different customers. It also consider that this is unusual for
an organisation to generate high remarks for generating care related with workforce. In the hard
times, this is also complex for Hilton to sustain in market for longer period so different heart-
breaking decisions are taken by the management of Hilton Hotel and it is used to navigate about
all business factors that is related with business. This define work is managed in proper manner
specifically to identify all value factors through which results better to complete all task in a
productive manner. Hotel industry face hard related aspect that is stated with pandemic and this
define that hotel association reduce the number of jobs which results different unemployment
factors generate problems to manage work in proper manner. On the other side, major advantage
that is related with industry helps individual to perform work in an internalised manner because
this help individual to identify jobs in different regions. So the major aspect that relates with
safety options aids towards offering and analysing opportunities which helps employee's to
complete their work in an experienced manner. It also consider that Hilton management increase
confidence of engaged workforce because this helps them to get a job easily when pandemic
conditions reach at their end. Further, Hilton management organise meetings with there
employee's because it helps to identify all those factors that evolve engaged workforce to
perform their work in a productive manner.
Recommend strategies to Hilton in relation to managing workforce effectually
Strategy perform an important role for all organisations which perform their work in a
competitive market. According to the current scenario, it is understand that pandemic conditions
creates different challenges that create problems for organisation to manage their work.
Therefore, with formulate of an effective strategy Hilton and other hotel perform all task with
more efficiency that aids towards performing all work in an organised manner specifically by
design of appropriate strategy that helps to complete all project with more efficiency. Hilton
perform all task with formulate of appropriate strategy and it consider management complete
task in an effective manner to relate hospitality sector work according to current market
conditions. On the other side, this is also important for an investigator and organisation to
understand about impact of Covid-19 on individual work methods. This also explain about all

task and objectives through which task is managed with more efficiency by performing work as
per decided manner to manage all work in proper manner.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The term research methodology is introduced as an important part of the research
because this is used for collection all information, that is related research. There are different
types of methodology exists and it aids to carry out and present all information in an investigated
and systematic manner. Some specific methodology aspects are mention as follow:
Research Philosophy- It is most important for an investigator to gather and select all
philosophy methods that is used to complete research in an organised manner. Their are different
types of research philosophies exists which is recognise as interpretivisim and positivism.
Further, there are different methods related with researcher and this is essential for an
organisation to promote all factors that generate sustainability within UK. Positivism philosophy
is most crucial for a researcher and it aids to contribute all information in an appropriate manner.
This also refers quantitative data analyse and use all data in an appropriate manner that support
to complete research in minimum time-period. Interpretivism is also an appropriate method of
research but this is not effective because it require more time.
Research approach- This is explained as a systematic procedure and it is used for
analyse all information through use of two different approaches. Deductive and inductive are
two research approach. Moreover, to conduct present study deductive approach is used because
it aids researcher to analyse all information and data with minimum cost and time. The main
advantage to use deductive approach is to evaluate all information in minimum time-period.
Similarly, inductive approach is not appropriate because it require more time and resources to
perform research.
Research strategy- The methodology part of research simplify that an investigator
gather or collect all information and data by use of research strategy. Action research, survey,
case-study etc. are important aspects of research strategy. According to current information
deductive approach is utilised because it aids to generate more value from research.
Questionnaire method aids to perform research with use of appropriate information as it helps to
collect information in an organised manner. Further, evaluation of research is completed in
proper manner through use of deductive approach. Questionnaire also helps to gain information
from different respondents to complete research according to present information.
Research choice- This is important for an investigator to complete research with use of
best choice that aids to gather all information with decided topic. There are two effective choices