Analysis: Covid-19's Impact and Future of UK Hospitality Industry

This report investigates the multifaceted impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the UK hospitality industry. It begins with an introduction that outlines the background of the study, its aims and objectives, research questions, rationale, and significance. The literature review explores the weaknesses of the industry exacerbated by the pandemic, the intensity of its effects, and the consequences for the future, including the impact on the workforce. The methodology section details the research types, approaches, philosophy, sampling, data collection, and analysis methods, along with considerations for reliability, validity, and ethics. The report then presents data interpretation, followed by conclusions and recommendations, including strategies for recovery and future preparedness. The study examines the pandemic's effects on sales, productivity, and employment within the sector, highlighting the challenges and potential strategies for mitigating the negative impacts and fostering future growth.

Investigation Into the Impact of
Covid-19 on the UK Hospitality
Industry

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOPIC: TO IDENIFY IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON THE UK HOSPUITALITY INDUSTRY 3
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................3
Background of the study..............................................................................................................4
Aims and objectives.....................................................................................................................4
Research Questions......................................................................................................................4
Rationale......................................................................................................................................5
Significance.................................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER2: LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................6
Weakness of hospitality industry that have been weakened by negligence................................6
The intensity or actual size of impacts of Covid-19 and consequences for the future................8
Individuals of workforces or hospitality industry have been impacted by Covid-19................11
CHAPTER3: REASEARCH METHODOLODY.........................................................................14
Research types...........................................................................................................................14
Research approaches..................................................................................................................14
Research philosophy..................................................................................................................15
Sampling....................................................................................................................................16
Data collection...........................................................................................................................17
Data analysis..............................................................................................................................18
Reliability and validity..............................................................................................................18
Ethics consideration...................................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 4: DATA INTERPRETATION..................................................................................19
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.....................................................19
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................19
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................20
Reflection...................................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23

TOPIC: TO IDENIFY IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON THE UK
HOSPUITALITY INDUSTRY
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
The aim of conducting this study is to understand and analyse impacts of the coronavirus
pandemic. The virus that causes Covid-19 and impacted people all over the world is known as
corona virus. In this context it is found that around 4.1 million people of the UK got affected and
around 121,000 people died because of this (Covid-19 in the UK, 2021). So, from this data it can
clearly be said that Covid-19 or pandemic affected people, organizations of all industries to the
great extent. From the data and size, it is found that hospitality industry comes under the list of
top 5 biggest industry in the country and it comes at 4th position. Due to coronavirus, changes in
sales, productivity have been seen in hospitality sector. Among all sectors of the UK, hospitality
is the one who got affected the most because as per the guidelines and the type of virus, people
were not allowed to gather. They were asked for social distancing and hospitality sector such as
hotels and others cannot operate or run business without having guests.
Corona virus is not only affecting companies but to economy and people also to the great
extent. Many people lost their job and individuals who were the only member of income for their
family, became frustrated and many people committed suicide. So, on the basis of these
information’s, it can be said that Covid-19 or coronavirus affected people and the hospitality
industry to the great extent (Flear, De Ruijter and McKee, 2020). Some reasons have also been
identified that caused this situation and one of the main reasons was negligence. Initially people
of the UK did not take it seriously and as per the guidelines of WHO they were not allowed to
gather at one place. But hey neglected all rules and guidelines such as social gathering, wearing
masks, hand sanitizers and others. People still have fear of this because it is now again spreading,
and they do not prefer to go to hotels. So, by knowing some ways all consequences or negative
impacts can be minimized. While due to have more increasing cases that can also lead to have
fear in people and most people have stopped travelling and try to more hotels. In UK cases are
likely to be increasing more, but people are also taking care of them and to their love one's while
by keeping social distancing, no gathering at public and taking more other home remedies
precaution.

Background of the study
Hospitality sector is the one that got hit by Covid-19 and due to this UK falling into
recession for the even first time since the 2008 financial crash. This present study is based on
hospitality industry of the UK that produces around 4-5% of UK GDP. It will discuss some
impacts that Covid-19 is having on the hospitality sector of the UK. It will also discuss some
reasons or causing factors of all negative impacts and challenges that companies in the
hospitality sector will have to face in the future. Further, this research report will show the extent
to which this pandemic affected people of employees of this industry and how it also made
economy of the UK poor (Razai and et.al., 2020). Literature review or secondary data has been
conducted and with the help of this, some strategies will be discussed that can help hospitality
sector in growing business and regaining image as like before. People have fear of getting
affected from coronavirus and because of this fear they do not prefer to stay in hotels and having
lunch or dinner. So, it reduced sales of hospitality sector and also because of negligence
behaviours of hotels like not wearing masks, not implementing strict regulations, image gets also
affected of this sector.
Aims and objectives
Aim:
“To understand the impact of the corona virus pandemic”. Study on the hospitality
industry of the UK.
Objectives
 To investigate the weakness of the industry at a mechanic level, such as hotel
management, staffing, or expenditure, that may have been weakened by negligence.
 To measure the actual size of the impact on the industry and its consequences for the
future.
 To measure and investigate the impact on the individuals of the workforce.
 Constructing an insightful recommendation and possibly suggest preventive measures
that may stop the increasing affects and help to heal the industry in hopefully the near
future.
Research Questions
 What are some weaknesses of hospitality industry of the UK that created by negligence?

 What is the intensity or size of impacts and consequences that Covid-19 can have in the
future?
 How individuals of workforces or hospitality industry have been impacted by Covid-19?
 What strategies or recommendations can help hospitality industry in developing or
protecting against negative impacts of Covid-19 in the future?
Rationale
It is important to understand importance of hospitality sector and in this context it is
known that it is the one that helps in improving economy. Hospitality industry of the UK plays a
major role in improving economy of the UK and it also provides employment opportunities to
people. But due to Covid-19 pandemic, this industry got affected the most. Some reasons have
been identified and one of the main reasons was: negligence. It is stated that hospitality sector
employs to around 10% of total workforces which contributes to around $73bn directly in GDP.
So, in this context it can be said that one of the main reason of conducting this research is to help
hospitality industry in improving or continuing business in this situation. Some protective
measures that it can take and grow business in the future (Dube, Nhamo and Chikodzi, 2020). By
knowing ways, it can protect itself and can also contribute in improving economy and it is must
for growth and remaining in developed countries. Another main reason of conducting this
research on this specific topic is to know all impacts that Covid-19 is having on employees and
reasons of all these negative impacts. As per the reasons, better actions can be taken.
Significance
This research report states about the Hospitality industry is facing more and more
challenges along with that how to overcome with using various strategies. While making the
proper use of their strategies that can also led to have growth and by which they can also make
trust in people who are still afraid of going out for travelling. Hence, this report also has
importance in making the hospitality industry globally and make their market again through
which they can have more profits and worker who are working they can also get some benefits
while developing the business again globally. Negative impact basically on the employee due to
having Covid-19 and to show some more strategies that could be having better actions for
implementing their goals in working with hospitality industry. As many people are still in fear of
pandemic, and they have some negative impact over their travelling and staying in hotels due to

this hospitality industry are facing many conflicts and that could be reason for preparing report
on this topic.
CHAPTER2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review is a scholar type paper which presents the current knowledge including
the substantive finding as well as methodological and theoretical contribution of given particular
topic. The main aim for the presenting this for showing about the weakness of hospitality
industry along with this the actual size or impact of the measuring Covid-19. This study also
states about the employee effected due to have pandemic.
Weakness of hospitality industry that have been weakened by negligence
According to the Khan And et.al., (2021), as in today time technology seems to be more
important in every industry due to reduce the competitive advantage in market. Corona virus
now globally being surviving status pandemic and that might be lead to have worldwide crisis
with more effect on hospitality industry. While on business level, the impacts of crisis that have
reached to every industry, and they are also facing the same situation as hospitality industries is
facing in present time. Many hotels find themselves empty and looking to fill the once rooms and
lobbies. On the other hand, Foroudi, Tabaghdehi and Marvi, (2021) said that, while more risk
have been taken by hospitality industry due to having their less customer. Food services teams
and chefs worldwide are mobilized in arranging them some meals and medical staff while
putting themselves in risk for order fighting against the battle and. Governments of various
countries such as UK is also playing huge role in saving their hospitality industry, and they have
also made promised for financing their business who have local type business and have no
income in this year. As per Brodeur and et.al., (2020), said that, economics plays important in
organization through which they have well running business. While working for the people,
employee are also facing issues regarding their culture which they must need to be followed and
make their more customer satisfied. Hospitality industry need to develop more in their in taking
more advantage from customer as well from the government through which they can easily make
their more customer and have their more satisfaction level in working place. For having their
precaution people also need for making them well-prepared before going outing and resources

which they are required must be with them, so no other can face issues and harm to other also in
hotels or any other places.
As per Bajrami And et.al., (2020) viewed that, employee have been also gets effected
more in this pandemic as they do not have much money for spending over their situation.
Furthermore, for staying they need to take the proper precaution and so that could help other
safety. They might heavily affect the change in the supply of products, due to lesser demand of
products and some of them partially or even shut down their business until the recovery could
not take place in hospitality industry. Jain, (2020) said that employee is facing more challeneges
while by selling their products at seating home or starting some new business. As strong
relationship between customer and brand, regaining their customer confidence and strict sanitary
and hygiene measure will be more applied for the safety of peoples. Olanrewaju And et.al.,
(2020), said that, social media plays important for developing business. While by making the
proper use of social media that could also lead to have their own business profits. Moreover,
through social media people also need to take care about their health and through which well at
time of entering in hotels they must require to sanitizer them along with that wearing masks. It
may be that hotels and restaurant in hospitality industry will change their learner and make their
more effective operation team where they can easily balance skilled and smart workers.
According to Batty, (2020) said that pandemic has taken huge place for being developed
of business. For this various hospitality industry have moved towards the technology which
seems to be currently working with more availability from creative methods for ensuring about
them continues in learning and also making sure about necessary in innovation. Creation and
innovation help various types of hotels and restaurant for setting up their business more and
through which they can make their business online for preventing from social distancing. On the
other hand, van der Burg, (2020) said that controlling price over the situation seems to be more
important. As hospitality industry need to take more advantage from their government and make
them sure about their policies and procedures which they must need to follow. People should
also follow the rules and regulation what government has set along with they need to work on
their rules and hospitality industry should also be sure about that people who are visiting at that
place are safer or not under them. Hotels need to take care for the proper precaution of people,
furthermore make them feel more comfortable in present time. Tabner, (2020) viewed that, this
pandemic has increased more inequality. Highly impact on business of hospitality industry of

UK. Meanwhile, they are earning huge amount of profits due to having more travelling of
tourists and after Covid-19 they have less earning and more employee in this field have no jobs.
Temporary workforce has been shifted, after which they have impact on permanent employee as
hospitality industry also need to take care about their employee. This means that large number of
people are changing their industry, they transfer them at where they might be had quicker cash
flow. Creating more opportunities for employee to vale add in their skills sets could also build
confidence in hospitality industry, as this can be excepted by major and minor hotels companies.
As per Frost (2018) view that, hospitality industry might be some time failed due to
having the lack of security precaution while through which no such customer can easily attract.
While having the proper security that could also lead for having the high measuring section and
make the growth of the organization. While in the hospitality industry safety issues for the guest
and employee must be important while through which it come to know about the various things
which could be important while for having the better development. Although this might be also
important for having the safety for the guest in which they can have their better sources for
income and make their hospitality industry well-developed. Food handling and safety must be
important while for having the more estimation in caring for their customer. Among this make
sure about their satisfaction while through having the safety and having their high estimation for
which they can work and having their more better income sources. As this might be also
important for taking much knowledge in which hospitality industry can make sure about their
employee in which they can manage their work and try to have their more customer.
The intensity or actual size of impacts of Covid-19 and consequences for the future
According to Bufquin and et.al., (2021), after having covid-19 hospitality industry have
to check their employee while by mentally or with some test that could help them for surviving
with best in hotels. hospitality industry has broad group of business and many more that provides
services to customer for having their more satisfaction level. Factors that are driving from the
hospitality industry increasing more disposable income, new travel trends and developing
business online due to have more increased online penetration and internet banking etc. The ever
expanding business of hospitality industry in UK play important role for having major factors in
driving their growth of the hospitality industry before Covid-19 outbreaks. As they have their
own segments and majorly decline due to lock downs happening across the world. As per
Seraphin (2021) viewed that, tourism has taken more place through which many hotels and

restaurant in UK have huge amount of impact on their business and that might be also led to have
their working place to be more developed. While by taking more advantage hospitality industry
can easily start the business online, through which they might be had their more customer. In
online business organization follows the rules and regulation of government such as social
distancing, becoming more cash less and washing hands, this all help people as well employee
for their satisfaction. In UK region the occupancy lies below 25% during March and which was
around 70% during the same month a year ago (Impact of COVID 19 on the Hospitality Industry,
2021). On the other hand, Ranasinghe, Karunarathna and Pradeepamali (2020) said that as per
impact of global poverty that have their impact on tourism and hospitality industry. Having
more growth that might be more number of tourist’s arrivals across the globe was excepted to
cross 1.5 billion by 2020. key factors affecting that market after the pandemic has included the
decrease as most flights are getting cancelled. The government of UK cancelling the visits and
locking down most if the area through which one of the major reasons behind slowing down of
hospitality industry. For more preventing this hotel might be need to accommodation develops
their more precaution because they are highly affected with their profits. National law will guide
the rights of the guests to refuse or not the recommended measures.
Borkowski, Jażdżewska-Gutta and Szmelter-Jarosz (2021) states about that,transport
system have been geography through which people are being more effected as well as various
industry. In hospitality industry various hotels and restaurant are taking their health care as well
to customer who are visiting at their place and making them with working while having enough
confidence. Staff working at their hotels are need to wear up mask while at time of working
because of having high risk of getting seriously towards Covid-19. Near about 68% of the world
population had access to improving their more sanitization facilities. Advise clients on how to
respond on structural changes that are beyond to hospitality industry sector and these could be
included increasing more focus on health and hygiene standards. Understanding how demand is
changing in country UK as many people try to avoid public area and some regional tourism. On
the other hand, Donthu and Gustafsson (2020) states that, business being affected due to Covid-
19, and they also seem that huge amount of loss they are paying year. Guiding public
investments in destination for having their positions them in sustainable and also about
hospitality industry sector. While by Covid-19 many people have become jobless along with this
they are facing challenges induced by the crisis and continuing threat to public health, and they

should also need to follow the rules which have been made by their government as well as hotels
or restaurant for staying at that place. GDP in UK also been affected just because of having their
loss of income and who are working in organization they have fired from the services and might
be not had enough money with them for purchasing their luxury products. Wells and et.al.,
(2020) said that, social technology has become given more significant though they can set up
business while by digital marketing. Hospitality industry have been affected more in Covid-19,
and they need to make their more customer through which they can easily make their more goals
and have more targets as customer. Hotels and restaurant have started their business online.
Furthermore, hospitality industry can also seem to be more developed, and they might be
increased their prices strategies in which customer setting at home can also order online.
Business hotels or restaurant can also be being well-developed. In general, global industry report
is being segmented based on food, beverages and recreation in their products.
As per Škare, Soriano and Porada-Rochoń (2021) said that, tourism and travelling
organization are seems to be more effected. Hotels or restaurant will need to connect actively
with customer old and new as how they are protecting to customer health’s. Using the pricing
strategies which means that drive of customer traffic should be considered more carefully.
Across the hospitality industry it will be having the opportunities for compete with the customer
and satisfying their needs for more profits. Many hotels are doing away with the need to pay
their delivery drive, and they have also should make them working with carefully. While running
economy of hotels or restaurant must be mandatory for having half capacity and likely to be
more restaurant that seek to augment their traditional offering in months ahead or taking more
towards entirely. According to Seetharaman (2020), said that management in hospitality industry
need to care of employee in Covid-19. Future might be more impacted, and they need to take
precaution towards customer. The pandemic also leads to substantial consolidation of many
aspects of the industry. It might be also depending on scope, nature of the pandemic and directly
they have impact on services of hospitality industry. Many hotels or restaurant have highly
impact and for having their better future in business they might be also needed to set up their
business online and that could also maintain their more customer satisfaction level. While setting
up the business online they can easily come to know about the various things which could be
important for hospitality industry. In business online due to having Covid-19 this can increase
the sales performance and make the easier work for the employee.

As per Mustapha (2020) view that, due to having the Covid-19 hospitality industry can
create their more customer through having the business online and that can have the customer
size to be increase. Although this might be important for having the business online and easily
make sure about the valuable things which might be having the better development for the be
hospitality industry. While hospitality industry seems to be more affected with having this
pandemic in which they can easily have their more customer and having their better estimation
for the sales. While through this could be also having the better development and make their
hospitality industry growth while various countries. While luxury life of the people being more
affected due to having this pandemic in which they cannot travelled and not exploring various
things. While through countries GDP have been decreased and that might be the most important
things for which the customer can easily have their business and make sure about the various
sources.
Individuals of workforces or hospitality industry have been impacted by Covid-19
As per Baum and et.al., (2020) said that, workforces policies have been changed, and
they are expected to be need in this crisis. In globally the worst data have been excepted to be
more affected and data suggested the industry could take many months for recovering. Following
their countries travelling bans, quarantine measures many workers cannot move to their home
and work or carry out their jobs which have been affected by income for formal and casually
employed. While in current time many people lost out their jobs and become homeless while at
time of Covid-19 and even some employees do not have their own house for leave. As per data,
the impact of the hospitality industry renders a majority of the people in various countries. Hotels
or restaurant have closed their booking, and they also need to take care more about their health
and which might be more important for them in working with this area. According to Jiang and
Wen (2020), marketing and management have become more competitive in this time as they are
also paying amount of losses to economy. people who purchase their luxury products and visit to
seven stars’ hotels for outing they have also stopped for going outside at their places just because
of getting more loss in income. As what they have expected and what they have got in previous
year. Many people get impact on their business, as organization also get their more loss and
getting huge loss they cannot pay to their employee that might be the main reason for
organization for firing out their employee. Workforce at hospitality industry might be caused
negative impact due to having Covid-19, and they have stopped their working in sector and what

they want as their satisfaction level. Gössling, Scott and Hall (2020) said that, sustainable
tourism that takes more account of its future and current economic along with environmental
impacts. Covid-19 impact on employment rates and employee income government have set up
their emergency program for better income and employment. The main goal to avoid the
termination of employment, providing them with having more alternative to hospitality industry
to retain employment agreements while guarantee them for part of income for employee. But in
some place of UK, employee gets chance for their jobs whom business have conducted online
and make their business for working with adopting some new technology.
According to Dogra (2019), it may be also seems that most of the hotels and some other
restaurant have changes the learner and more efficiency operation they have used in their
business. Where to maintain a balance between smart and skilled labour is sought after that for
hospitality industry. Due to having the fear of Covid-19 a large part of labour force is seeing to
be more domestic which also means that majority of the front line staff at hotels have been move
back to their native areas. From they can work without having any fear, and they are free to work
with more efficiency level. In hospitality industry, temporary work forces might be the first for
shrink, after which they can have their impact that might be felt by permanent employee as
various hospitality industry have hard-pressed to cut costs. This may be lead to large number of
people who are changing their industry to go where they have more money. Hence, for coming
out from this solution they are must have required to trained the employee in such as way that
they can easily take care of them as well as this customer who are visiting at their place. From
this their work and money will be maintained through which they can easily have their more
growth and development. As per Gursoy (2020), said that most of the employee are suffering
with the Covid-19 strategies in their industry through which they are not much sop capable for
doing their work. As by this they are not able for doing their customer needs to be full filed as
they are also required to work in effective manner. Most of the customer are not willing to travel
to their destination and stay at a hotel any time soon. It has been also finding that more than one
third of the people in the hospitality industry is relatively high due to high operating costs. At
some of the hospitality industry in UK many of the employee have lost their job due to this
pandemic. For coming out from this situation government need to make their plans for changing
the working position of the employee in their countries. The most important of the customer
provider relationship through which they can gain easily confidence of the customer and try to