Predicting Criminal Behaviour: Factors, Analysis, and Conclusion

This report delves into the complexities of predicting criminal behavior, focusing on psychological and environmental factors. It examines the impact of parental upbringing, mental illness, and the social environment on an individual's propensity for criminal acts, with specific attention given to school shootings and serial killings. The report utilizes research, including behavior sequence analysis, to identify patterns and triggers, highlighting the significance of early intervention and mental health support. It explores the role of bullying, psychiatric drugs, and social influences, such as social media and peer pressure, in shaping behavior. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of mental health screenings, school counselors, and community organizations in mitigating the risk of criminal behavior and promoting positive development among youth. The report also references various studies and journals to support its findings.

CAN WE PREDICT A
CRIMINALS BEHAVIOUR?

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Parental Upbringing....................................................................................................................3
Mental Illness..............................................................................................................................3
Nature and Social Environment..................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
In this report, different mental state which impact on behavioural tendencies and turn
them into criminals have been discussed with special focus on school killings and massacres.. the
reason behind these have been tried to identified in this report.
MAIN BODY
Parental Upbringing
As per the view of Keatley and et.al. (2018) , serial killing is an extreme but rare crime and can
often be linked to the behavioural tendencies of killers. The research done by (Stone, 2001)
points that in 54% cases, mistreatment by parents in childhood is the major cause of giving birth
to serial killers followed by frequent moving as 16% and 30% due to biological injuries.
Ellis, Clarke & Keatley (2017), states that Behaviour sequence analysis is the appropriate model
for identifying the frequent traits and characteristics using mathematical and statistical tools. In
this article, various behaviours and events that can trigger a serial killer were analysed using
BSA so that the killer could become more predictable. Upbringing was found to be a major cause
behind serial killers.
Keatley (2016), further states that serial killings can also be linked to school shooting and BSA
model can be applied there as well. The Columbine-obsessed case of two kids whose identity
was not revealed but threatened shooting in a school in Riverland, South Australia was used to
highlight that mental status is major factor in shaping a person. According to Keatley (2018), the
boys never intended to actually implement plan but the troubled state they were in led them to
form such fantasies. They were regularly bullied and made fun of and this was their attempt to
get back at them. Knives, armours and other tools were all part of this fantasy which made them
feel realistic about their plan. Marono and et.al. (2017), states that Behaviour Sequence Analysis
can be applied here as there were many symptoms in their behaviour like dressing up as school
shooters at Hallowed, talking in similar language, giving threats to fellow students and teachers
are all symptoms which are not taken seriously until something major happens and this disregard
was the thing that was triggering these boys to do something that would make people take them
seriously.
Mental Illness
As per the view of Herrenkohl, Jung and Lee, (2017) the article main purpose is to
examine the effects of child treatment and examine the influence of cumulative victimization
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experience. In this, .. stated that children are physically or emotionally abuse and as a result, it
creates negative impact upon their life. Such that the Herrenkohl, Chung and Catalano, (2004)
critically examined from the survey that most of the children are unknowingly brought for
begging, stolen goods/ money, which means that they done crimes against the society. In the
same way, gun related violence in schools is most distributive issue, which creates negative
impact upon the school children. On the other side, Zouini, Senhaji and Kerekes, (2019) argued
that School attacking is quite common and around two-third of the attackers are came from the
two parent families only.
Thus, there are two main reason of school shooting that is Bullying and side effects from
Psychiatric drugs and even the majority of bullying victims is experienced a feeling of disgrace
that result in suicide and revenge. As a result, it is also examined by Ports and et.al., (2019)
through the article that there was a mass shooting in Port Arthur Maccacre, where 35 people
were killed because of Martin Bryan. This is so because he is addicted to alcohol and a
psychiatric drugs that forced him for mass shooting. Therefore, Monahanm, Oesterle and
Hawkins (2010) concluded that the due to increase school shooting, students or children lack
positive restraint that also affect the development of children and creates hindrance with regards
to their academic success as well. Not only this, it also affect mental health and the substance
abuse issues also occur among today's youth. In addition to this, it is also observed by the author
that, one in the five children from the birth to 18 years are diagnosis mental disorder when they
face such type of treatments.
Nature and Social Environment
According to Mopnahan (1984). there are many social policy is implemented which
involve violence prediction. Moreover, it is also observed that due to maltreatment, the children's
mental health affected in negative way. Bonanno and Levenson (2014) states that, the major
challenge that the school face is the availability of firearms to the students, while in 2008, the
Supreme Court also prohibited the gun ownership but still, there are many situations, in which
the school shooting is occurred, therefore, this creates overall negative impact upon children
health and physical development too. Alexander (2003) critically examined that In this case,
sometimes parents did not recognize that there child is suffer from any mental health problem
and as a result, their behaviour become violent. Even it is analyse that a student who receives the
social- emotional and mental support are consider one of the most successful in academics and
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personally. Further Baumeister & Bushman (2008), argues that youth today needs to be self
regulated and impulses need to be controlled. Teachers or mentors should recognize different
symptoms and nature of the students and they can be regularly monitored and motivate to make
healthier choices and take responsibility of the actions for which they are responsible. Harms
(2012), adds up to the importance of nature and social actions which have a direct impact like
social media and the peer pressure where youth sees a lot of censored and uncensored content
which impacts their actions and behaviour directly. As per the view of Johnston (2014) , basic
training of regulating and controlling impulse should begin at school level where different
programmes motivate students to regulate their impulses and make better choices. It can be
therefore concluded that mental health screenings, school counsellors and community
organizations are some important aspects.
CONCLUSION
By summing up above report it has been concluded that School Scooting is an attack in
the institutions and as a result, it creates negative impact upon the mental health of the children
which affect their personal growth. From the articles, it is also concluded that child abuse is done
due to bullying and that is why, the government has to take serious action on this.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alexander, J. (2003). Bullies, bigmouths, and so-called friends. London, UK: Hodder’s
Children’s Books
Baumeister R. F., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Social psychology & human nature. Belmont, CA:
Thomson Higher Education
Bonanno, C., & Levenson, R. (2014). History, current theoretical and empirical findings, and
strategies for prevention. SAGE Open, 2–11.
Ellis, H. E., Clarke, D. D., & Keatley, D. A. (2017). Perceptions of behaviours in stranger rape
cases: a sequence analysis approach. Journal of Sexual Aggression. 0(0). 1–10.
Harms, W. (2012). Study: Chicago counseling program reduces youth violence, improves school
engagement. Retrieved from http://news.uchicago.edu/article/2012/07/13/ study-chicago-
counseling-program-reduces-youth-violence-improves-schoolengagemen
Hawkins, J. D., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2003). Prevention in the school years. In D. P. Farrington &
J. W. Coid (Eds.), Early prevention of adult antisocial behaviour (pp. 265-291).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Herrenkohl, T. I., Chung, I.-J., & Catalano, R. F. (2004). Review of research on predictors of
youth violence and school-based and community-based prevention approaches. In P.
Allen-Meares & M. W. Fraser (Eds.), Intervention with children and adolescents: An
interdisciplinary perspective (pp. 449-476). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Herrenkohl, T. I., Jung, H. J., & Lee, J. O. (2017). Effects of Child maltreatment, Cumulative
Victimization experience, and Proximal life stress on adult crime and antisocial behaviour.
Summary report for US Department of Justice.
Johnston, E. (2014). How to cope: Improving coping skills.
Keatley and et.al., (2018). Using behavior sequence analysis to map serial killers’ life histories.
Journal of interpersonal violence, 0886260518759655.
Keatley, D. A. (2016). Understanding patterns of action: sequence analysis in military contexts.
Oral Presentation in: 5th Military Psychology Conference; 2 November 2016, The Ark
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Keatley, D. A. (2018). Pathways in Crime: An Introduction to Behaviour Sequence Analysis.
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Ports, K. A. and et.al., (2019). Adverse childhood experiences and the presence of cancer risk
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Stone, M. H. (2001). Serial sexual homicide: biological, psychological, and sociological aspects.
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Taylor, O., Keatley, D. A., & Clarke, D. D. (2017). A Behavior Sequence Analysis of
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Zouini, B., Senhaji, M., & Kerekes, N. (2019). Self-reported aggressive and antisocial behaviors
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