Criminology Essay: Criminal Justice System in the United Kingdom

This criminology essay provides an overview of the criminal justice system, focusing on the United Kingdom. It defines criminal justice and discusses its historical development, emphasizing the government's role in maintaining law and order. The essay explores various aspects of the system, including the rights of victims and criminals, the role of criminologists, and the establishment of courts and policies to prevent crime. It examines specific initiatives such as guidelines for child trafficking and violence reduction units, highlighting their efforts to address violent crime and provide justice to victims. The essay also analyzes trends in homicides, discussing contributing factors like alcohol and drug use, and the measures taken to address them. It concludes by summarizing the key points and emphasizing the importance of the criminal justice system in ensuring public safety and providing justice. The essay also includes a list of references to support the information provided.

Criminology
assignment

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INTRODUCTION
Criminology can be defined as course in which crime is studied from social perspective.
In this individuals and groups are engaged in analysing who commits crime, why they commit,
their impact and how to prevent them. For the prevention of crime, criminologist is involved in
working with police forces and law makers, they try to find out main and psychological reason
behind appearance of crime. Actions plans are developed to stop the crime from happening.
Criminologist can assist in reducing down prevalence rate of crime in any country. Present report
will discuss about criminal justice.
ESSAY
What is criminal justice
Criminal justice is the term used for laws, rules, regulations and policies which are used
before, during and after the happening of crime. It refers to the justice given to private citizens
for the loss they have availed because of happening of crime. Criminal justice consists of mainly
two ideas. One is the criminal and victims of the crime have some basic rights and the second
one is criminal conduct needs to be prosecuted and punished by law, also at whatever level they
have happened. Victim of the crime have a right to ask for justice and also criminal needs to be
punished for the same. There has been historical development in criminal justice procedures and
processes followed by United Kingdom parliament and procedure. Justice procedures in crimes
has been evolved from long time. Now private citizens are not being charged for the prosecution
which is being going on (Friend et.al., (2020). Modern societies are being built on the fact that
government are responsible for the laws and orders and also for the proper jurisdiction. In
criminal justice, future crimes can be prevented by imposing punishments and fines on victims.
Policy systems, courts and prisons are being established by law and order. Criminal justice seeks
to deter future crimes by creating penalties for criminal conduct and rehabilitate criminals
through incarceration. UK government is working towards providing justice to those who have
suffered because of the crime happened with them and being victim of the crime. It can also be
considered as reform movement. For reducing the incidents related to crime, criminologists also
work with police workforce and law makers. This has assisted in implementing private citizens
safety and also it has helped in reducing the incidents of crime. Government of UK has
implemented various guidelines and policies to lower down the happenings of crime. There are
various structures in court in order to provide criminal justice to victims of crime. There is civil
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court, adult court and speciality courts which deals with the cases of substance and drugs abuse.
All these systems have been established for public safety and this has also assisted the
government in making sure that state is at peace and all safety measures to lower down
incidences of crime is being implemented by them (mith et.al., (2019). In this procedure justice
is being provided to those who has suffer because of happening of crime. Criminal justice system
basically means that punishing those who are involved in any type of crime. This is being done
for the safety of private citizens and also to save general public. Various laws and rules related to
same have been established.
Various guidelines have been issued by parliament like for example independent child
trafficking guideline. In this there has been discussion related to how parliament has supported
the victim of child trafficking. RPCs have also given their assistance to these victims. These
rules and regulations have been implemented in England, Wales Great Manchester. Section 48 of
the Modern Slavery Act 2015 has made sure that there will be suitable punishments and fine for
those who have been involved in these types of cases (Decker et.al., (2020).. Report has provided
details that 90% of make who have been victim of child trafficking are between the age of 15-17.
These males have been living in conditions of slavery and are forced to be engaged in doing
illegal activities. RPCs in order to have control over these types of incidences they are raising
awareness and also giving training to public authorities. Multi-agency meetings are also being
started by them so that gaps in their services can be reviewed. RPCs has also broken down the
gaps between agency panel and individual children. All these actions related to criminal justice
are being taken so that incidences related to same can be reduced down and justice should be
provided to the victim of trafficking.
Violence reduction unit has also been established in order to lower down the cases related
to violent crime. VRUs has been involved in enhancing their strategic needs assessment so that
they can have better understanding related to serious acts. Thus, assisting them in overcoming
challenges which has been found by them (Laverick, & Joyce, (2019).VRUs are been involved in
responding to the increase violent number of cases, they have been involved in identifying key
drivers because of which serious violent cases can appear. It can include adverse childhood
experiences, deprivation and austerity are the major drivers which has increased the urge of
people to be increased in more violent crimes. Guidelines have also been established so that they
can easily provide justice to victim of serious crimes. VRU’s has also bring together various
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different organisations in order to handle and tackle the violent crime more appropriately. They
have also included criminologist in their services so that main reason behind occurrence of the
crime can be analysed and evaluated by them. All these considerations are being adopted by
them in order to provide justice to those who have been victim of serious violent crime. All these
have been adopted for the safety of public and private citizens. There have been various future
implications done by VRUs in order to overcome from the situation of facing crimes. They have
appointed and hired core staff members and engaged all stakeholders so that they can together
influence and recommend cultural change. These future implications will allow them in lowering
down the cases related to serious violent crime. It will also assist VRUs in providing criminal
justice to the victim of serious violent crime. They have considered most risk people and taken
into consideration better safety measures for them. This is being done to reduce crime
incidences. Victim of the crime have a right to ask for justice and also criminal needs to be
punished for the same.
Criminal justice rules and regulations have also been made in trends and drivers of
homicides. There are various reasons because of which trends in homicide is being followed.
This one is most socially damaging crime in England and Wales. The rate of homicide in
England and Wales are higher than any other region. One homicide can cause £3.2 million to
society (Joyce, (2017). The main drivers behind these severe social crimes includes alcohol and
drugs. So many researches have showed that there is a correlation between consumption of
alcohol and cases related to homicide. The use of illicit drugs has also increased the cases of
homicide. For these various measures are being taken for providing criminal justice and also to
make sure that public safety is being implemented by them. Hot spot policing and problem-
solving approaches ae being used in order to reduce down the drug and alcohol related homicide
cases. They have also updated the guidelines related to punishments so that better justice can be
provided to those who have suffered. Law makers are keeping a check upon increase number of
cases related to homicide and they are making sure that these numbers are being lower down in
future. This is being done for the safety of private citizens. It has also been analysed that they
have appointed and hired core staff members and engaged all stakeholders so that they can
together influence and recommend cultural change.
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CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised that criminal justice system has been
implemented by United Kingdom parliament and government. In this various rules and
regulations related to solving out crime procedures has been implemented. This has been done in
order to provide safety to private citizens. They have also established various structures of courts
to solve out different criminal cases. For reducing the incidents related to crime, criminologists
also work with police workforce and law makers. It has also been analysed from the essay that
all these systems have been established for public safety and this has also assisted the
government in making sure that state is at peace and all safety measures to lower down
incidences of crime is being implemented by them. It has also been evaluated that various
guidelines are also being established in order to lower down incidences related to child
trafficking and issues related to serious violent crime. It has been analysed that there are various
factors that can lead to increase in cases of crime like bitter childhood experiences, person being
depressed and anxious. Criminologist have also been involved in knowing the nature of crime.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Joyce, P. (2017). The policing of protest, disorder and international terrorism in the UK since
1945. Springer.
Decker, M. R., Holliday, C. N., Hameeduddin, Z., Shah, R., Miller, J., Dantzler, J., & Goodmark,
L. (2020). Defining justice: Restorative and retributive justice goals among intimate
partner violence survivors. Journal of interpersonal violence, 0886260520943728.
Friend, K. B., Gordon, M., Scarbrough, B., Collins, D., Fritz, K., Smoot, S., ... & Joyce, N.
(2020). Sentinel event reviews in the criminal justice system: a review of the
literature. Criminal Justice Studies, 1-17.
Smith, N. A., Voisin, D. R., Yang, J. P., & Tung, E. L. (2019). Keeping your guard up:
hypervigilance among urban residents affected by community and police
violence. Health Affairs, 38(10), 1662-1669.
Laverick, W., & Joyce, P. (2019). Racism and Hate Crime: Its Historical Roots. In Racial and
Religious Hate Crime (pp. 1-19). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
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