Critical Review: Hospitality Internship and Industry Employment

This report presents a critical review and evaluation of a research paper focusing on the impact of hospitality internships on student interns' employment intentions in Taiwan. The paper explores the relationship between the hospitality industry and student interns, internship experiences, and career aspirations. It examines the literature review, methodology, and data collection methods, including the use of Google Scholar and Emerald Insights for data gathering. The report also delves into the initial set of items developed to explore negative internship experiences and the interpretivism philosophy used in the research. Furthermore, it offers recommendations for the hospitality industry to enhance internship programs, retain skilled employees, and address global challenges. The paper's findings suggest the importance of proper training, supportive work environments, and understanding the needs of interns to foster positive experiences and increase the likelihood of industry employment.

Critical Review and Evaluate
Paper 2

Table of Contents
PAPER 2..........................................................................................................................................3
TOPIC..............................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................3
Relationship among Hospitality industry and students interns in Taiwan.............................3
Internship in Hospitality sector..............................................................................................4
Relationship among experience of internship and intentions of industry employment.........4
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INITIAL SET OF ITEMS....................................................................4
METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................5
DATA BASE...................................................................................................................................5
DATA COLLECTION....................................................................................................................5
RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

PAPER 2
TOPIC
It can be evaluated that influential internship business factors helps in affecting student
interns within industry employment intention. Also, it helps in carrying out the research upon the
individual to develop intention upon they leave or stay within the firm after carrying out
internship program. Further, it helps in improving the hospitality students and developing
industry employment intentions so that success can be attained.
INTRODUCTION
According to Sweitzer and King, 2013 “Hospitality sector is major field for employment
opportunities for freshers” (Sweitzer and King, 2013). This process helps in reducing
unemployment condition in the market. In addition to this, government of Taiwan have applied
huge efforts to develop tourism sector. As per Lane, 2014 “Academic and educational sector of
country emphasizes to train the students for hospitality sector by providing effective courses”
(Lane, 2014). Renninger, Phillips and Vajk, 2015 “increased economic growth, political stability
as well as leisure time have contributed effectively to South-Asia region to increase tourism
sector” (Renninger, Phillips and Vajk, 2015). According to Government of Taiwan play
important role for this industry to increase in a appropriate manner. Along with this, Statistics
from Taiwan council also reveal average annual growth in the travel and tourism sector. As per
Lacy and Copeland, 2013 “Statistics of educational research represent that 24.95 percent students
are pursuing their degree in travel and tourism sector” (Lacy and Copeland, 2013). On the other
side, travel provide limited internship in travel and tourism which create negative experience for
undergraduates in the Taiwan. As per above findings, it has been evaluated that travel and
tourism sector is increasing as comparison of previous due to positive factors and availability of
effective resources in the Taiwan. As per my view points, in order to increase the countries
economy, tourism is very helpful. In this context, local people are very effective as they have
comparatively good knowledge than outsiders.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Relationship among Hospitality industry and students interns in Taiwan
As per Samuelson and Litzler, 2013 “high proportion of employees are doing part-time in
hospitality industry which is providing them adequate knowledge” (Samuelson and Litzler,
2013). However, Yang and Lin, 2014 stated that “through these type of training employees are
able to learn new things and they are also provided with the opportunity to get permanent job but
it depends upon the way they perform their roles and responsibilities” (Yang and Lin, 2014).
This is very helpful in raising the understanding of tourism in the country. When local people get
aware, then it helps the country to grow and to attract people around the world in order to
experience the culture of Taiwan. In addition to this, these employees are also helpful in making
human resource planning. As per my view point, it is important that travel and organization
tourism should provide their interns with proper training so that they will be able to contribute
effectively towards the development of the country.
Internship in Hospitality sector
According to Wang, Chiang and Lee, 2014 “internship enable to bring out new talent and
it also helps in encouraging individuals to bring out new ideas which are been adopted in
hospitality industry” (Wang, Chiang and Lee, 2014). Chetail and Drabs, 2014 stated that
“innovation in hospitality industry it supported the country to attract travellers around the world”
(Chetail and Drabs, 2014). In this context, it is very important that organization develop healthy
working environment in which they will be able to learn and enhance their skills. As per Bird
and Crumpton, 2014 “internship provides value to industry and these emerging ideas enable to
resolve the issues which this industry was facing” (Bird and Crumpton, 2014). However, the
interns do face issues like slave work, lack of training, lack of job description, strict rules, etc.
According to me, there are many issues which are been faced by individuals who do inters at
travel and tourism. This is because the firm do not provided them proper training. There are
many cases in which interns do not get benefited with the time the spent in the organization.
Relationship among experience of internship and intentions of industry employment
As per Sweitzer and King, 2013 can be determined as “the global opportunity which the
interns get as they get to know the benefits and the threat to the country” (Sweitzer and King,
2013). In addition to this, they also contribute effectively towards the development of the tourism

in Taiwan. However, industry do not understand their interns and because of this there are many
cases in which they lack in getting or finding capable employees. According to Renninger,
Phillips and Vajk, 2015 “lack to proper training and attention negatively affect the inters and this
also result in de-motivation” (Renninger, Phillips and Vajk, 2015). However, it is suggested that
organization need to understand their inters and should also provide them with proper training.
As per my view points, in internship when they are provided with proper training, then the cited
firm will get to new or innovative ideas which can be adopted in order to increase tourism within
the country.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INITIAL SET OF ITEMS
It can be assessed that development of initial set of items helps in exploring the ideas and
opinions that were assessed within the previous studies regarding students interns possess
negative internship experience. As per the view of Robinson, Ruhanen and Breakey (2015),
limitations of such sampling units helps in carrying out the purpose of this research need to
undertake different researches to carry out graduation studies. Hence, after the selection of
particular sampling texts that has been conducted a quantitative approach in order to extract
negative experience statements within the texts. Also, it helps in carrying out the analysis with
the help of interpretation method so that it helps scholars in allowing acquiring more complete
and in-depth understanding of the data. Furthermore, the questionnaire are based upon the
information collected from carrying out content analysis so that pre-tested method so that set
results can be attained (Sevillia, 2014).
METHODOLOGY
As per the opinion of Lane (2014), research methodology is the systematic process which
assists in developing effective results so that data can be collected in an efficient manner. For the
present study interpretivism philosophy will be used in order to carry out the research. While, the
sample selected is of students learning hospitality course.
DATA BASE
The data base has been selected from different sources such as Google Scholars and
Emerald Insights so that different studies can be reviewed related to the topic and thus best
outcomes can be generated.

DATA COLLECTION
As per the opinion of Tsaur, Ku and Luoh (2015), in order to keep the research purpose
effective individual is required to participate in the survey so that different students of university
and colleges are required to participate in internship programs. Here, scholar undertakes
stratified sampling in order to categorize different internship programs within Taiwan and other
institutions so that academic institutions helps in carrying out long term internship programs.
However, Breitsohl and Ruhle (2016), argued that researchers and academic professionals
personally visited the respondents in order to give their sincere thanks so that response rate can
be increased. Further, SPSS software has been used in order to collect the data and thus analysis
has been done effectively. Also, using ANOVA and Scheffe's post hoc analysis so that it helps in
developing influential internship business factors so that industry experience can be gained.
Moreover, exploratory factor analysis helps in developing factor analysis so that it emphasizes
upon the exploring factor in order to develop relationship among different variables (Brown,
Bosselman and Thomas, 2016).
RECOMMENDATIONS
It can be recommended from the study that hospitality industry is required to expand its
operations in order to achieve competition within the market. Therefore, it is essential for firm to
retain skilled and talented employees so that success and survival in the market can be attained.
Further, it is significant for employees to leave or stay within firm in relation to overcome global
challenges within hospitality sector. Hence, it can be suggested that internship candidates are
required to encouraged in order to perform effectively within firm and thus achieve success.
Also, providing rewards helps in staying them within firm for long term so that organizational
goals can be attained.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bird, N. J. and Crumpton, M. A., 2014. Real learning connections: Questioning the learner in the
LIS internship. Journal of Education for Library and Information Science. 55(2). pp.89.
Breitsohl, H. and Ruhle, S.A., 2016. The end is the beginning–the role of residual affective
commitment in former interns’ intention to return and word-of-mouth. European Journal of
Work and Organizational Psychology. pp.1-16.
Brown, E.A., Bosselman, R.H. and Thomas, N.J., 2016. Are hospitality graduates making too
many compromises? What they give up may lead to turnover. Journal of Human Resources
in Hospitality & Tourism. 15(2). pp.133-146.
Chetail, F. and Drabs, V., 2014. The role of consonant/vowel organization in perceptual
discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition.
40(4). pp.938.
Lacy, M. and Copeland, A. J., 2013. The role of mentorship programs in LIS education and in
professional development. Journal of Education for Library and Information Science.
54(2). p.135.
Lane, S. J., 2014. Measures of student competence following participation in a patient-centered
medical home demonstration project-practicum in primary care. Journal of Health
Administration Education. 31(1). pp.3-19.
Renninger, S. M., Phillips, J. C. and Vajk, F., 2015. Outcomes of an organizational diversity
initiative: Diversifying trainers to diversify psychology. Training and Education in
Professional Psychology. 9(3). pp.229.
Robinson, R.N., Ruhanen, L. and Breakey, N.M., 2015. Tourism and hospitality internships:
influences on student career aspirations. Current Issues in Tourism. pp.1-15.
Samuelson, C. and Litzler, E., 2013. Seeing the Big Picture: The Role that Undergraduate Work
Experiences Can Play in the Persistence of Female Engineering Undergraduates. In
Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education 2013 Conference: Atlanta,
GA.
Sweitzer, H. and King, M., 2013. The successful internship. Cengage Learning.

Tsaur, S.H., Ku, P.S. and Luoh, H.F., 2015. Problem-focused or Emotion-focused: Which
Coping Strategy has a Better Effect on Perceived Career Barriers and Choice Goals?. Asia
Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. pp.1-18.
Wang, Y. F., Chiang, M. H. and Lee, Y. J., 2014. The relationships amongst the intern anxiety,
internship outcomes, and career commitment of hospitality college students. Journal of
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education. 15. pp.86-93.
Yang, P. and Lin, X. Y., 2014. Employability as a New Mission? Organizational Changes in
Chinese Vocational Colleges. Chinese Education & Society. 47(5). pp.8-26.
Online
Sevillia, S., 2014. Internship Performance of Tourism and Hospitality Students: Inputs to
Improve Internship Program. [PDF]. Available through:
<http://hrmars.com/hrmars_papers/Internship_Performance_of_Tourism_and_Hospitality_
Students_Inputs_to_Improve_Internship_Program.pdf>. [Accessed on 13th May 2016].