PUB102 Critical Review: Ocean Acidification, Health & Systems

This literature review critically evaluates ocean acidification, its causes, and its impact on human health through the lens of systems thinking and the Butterfly Model of Human Health. It explores the biophysical and socio-economic factors contributing to and affected by ocean acidification. The review emphasizes the interconnectedness of the ecosystem, highlighting how changes in one part of the system can have cascading effects on others, including human well-being. It further discusses the role of human activities in exacerbating ocean acidification and suggests potential mitigation strategies. The analysis draws upon a range of academic sources, including peer-reviewed journal articles and textbooks, to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on ocean acidification and its implications.

OCEAN ACIDIFICATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Critical review of Ocean acidification........................................................................................3
Theme 1: System thinking concept regarding ecosystem context:.............................................4
Theme 2: Biophysical environment:...........................................................................................4
Theme 3: Socio economic environment:....................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Ocean acidification is all above refers to variation practices in environment and it develop by
reduction in carbonate and happen because of higher carbon dioxide gas. It influences
environmental activities as well as it affects performance of human. Its clear that Ocean
acidification influence performance and impacts on overall ocean (Terhaar, Kwiatkowski and
Bopp, 2020). On the basis of recent environment it mainly generates by oil, gas and many more
manufacturing industry which develop by human resource. On the other hand it indirectly affects
human health. This study critically evaluate that how human performance affected by Ocean
acidification and Butterfly Model of Human Health is influence by social economic and
biophysical factors.
MAIN BODY
Critical review of Ocean acidification
Identification and utilization of google research this concept will provide effective information
about problem of Ocean acidification. The major aspects for environmental activities generates
by air pollution, water pollution and many more as well as it highly affects human health. It
essential that human industries consider this term and develop some activities to less harm
provide into environmental. On the basis of recent analysis its consider that individual human
health are not effective, according to data most children health, mental health, physical health
will highly influence by these factors. This activity its clear that individual considers and do
some small things to reduce environmental issues. Manufacturing industry when develop
strategic approach that they develop recycling activity and prepare plan for fewer wastages it will
be a great approach. ((Dlugos, Weiermair and Dorow, 2019). Government plays major role for
reduce pollution if they develop plan and legal aspect industry develop control in waste which is
great also many manufacturing industries directly though their wasted in water which is one of
the most challenging and bad thing for ocean.
Most of the people uses their food from ocean consideration of this activity its very
important that human develops understanding about management and when individual human
consider that they do something in their daily routine like, develop plants, not use plastics, in the
manufacturing industry they use material recycling and develop plants programs which not

influence air pollution and many more. Ocean acidification affects multiple activities like it
impact on economic, social, physiological, environmental, health and many more.
Theme 1: System thinking concept regarding ecosystem context:
According to the Alshehhi, Nobanee and Khare, (2018)System thinking is the integrated
concept which can be defined as how such things can impact the other things in a whole. For the
nature context it is described as in ecosystem how other elements such as air, water, plants,
human bodies, animals evolve together and form a chain of survival. It is the analysis which
describe how system 's part interrelates and how they work associated with the larger system.
Butterfly model of human health:
Butterfly model of health refer as the conceptualization which impacts the physical, bio physical
influence on human health. This model identifies the important role of socio-economic
environment but along with biophysical environment. As health functioning is relied on the
ecosystem, which provides the fresh air, water, food top survive in the ecosystem. As human
lives are depended on the biodiversity as they need resources for the livelihood. Loss in
biodiversity can negatively impact the human health, in fact changes in ecosystem adversely
affect the nature, human livelihood, migration, income or even majorly cause the political
conflict.
Theme 2: Biophysical environment:
As per the view Musvoto, C. and et.al (2018) biophysical environment involves the biotic and
abiotic factors which are population, organisms and also involves the factors which can directly
impact their survival, growth and the evolution. The examples can be marine environment,
atmospheric aspects. The biophysical environment is usually made up of the atmosphere,
biosphere etc. the natural factors which can impact the human life are wild animals, trees etc.
according to the butterfly health framework the main elements are in Biophysical aspect are air,
water, animals, forest which can directly impact the ecosystem. Humans behaviour are
embedded into the socio-economic or biophysical environment, as they are the essential part of
the ecosystem which are placed in ecosystem in context to reciprocity among the individual or
biophysical environment. As this system is interrelated not only changes drives in ecosystem
affect the human health but also there is major influence of human on ecosystem.

Physical factor environment are very crucial for the human health which involves the
vulnerable substances as pollution in the environment. Physical environment affects the complete
livelihood it gives adverse effect on ecosystem, as due to the physical exposure atmosphere is
badly affected also it can be death threatening to the humans, air pollution cause the air impure
which can be harmful for the human. As per the butterfly model humans are the environmental
agent which influence the ecosystem. Pollution is the major aspect which is affecting the
ecosystem very badly cutting down of trees is also reasoned for the global warming it needed to
be controlled otherwise it destructs the ecosystem chain.
Theme 3: Socio economic environment:
According to the Bitran, A. and et.al (2018) as its influence are associated with the huge
environmental concept which is outlines by the connectivity between the social and economic
structure. Political impact also drives in the socio-economic environment which refer as
government interference in the economy. It is the main responsibility of the government to
provide the better infrastructure to their people by providing them services as medical, education.
To promote the youth by providing them knowledge so that they will work for the development
of the society.
professional status is the major component of the socio-economic environment which explains
the basic human needs as their education, wages, social position. As for the human beings it is
important to take decision to work in a condition to make earning for their survival. The factors
which affect the occupational status can be low education level of the person can be limitation to
their successful life. Through which they were not be able to access the basic facilities which can
be medical, shelter for them.
Health impact on societal people as they are living in the poverty can also influence
their level of understanding they always criticise or judge themselves. In such children also not
able to access the better learning process which affect the development of themselves as well as
for the societal economy. Therefore, it is important to possess good environment so that
everyone in the society possess good knowledge. For the growth of the society businesses can
also proceed to organize the event through which it helps them to achieve their successful goals
as well as promote the growth in the society. It is also important to develop good healthy culture
at the work place so that it give the equal opportunity to everyone to grow skills and knowledge
in themselves. Organisations can also proceed to select the community people for the volunteer

work so it promotes the community development also beneficial for the economy or for their
brand reputation (Au-Yong-Oliveira, and et.al 2018)
As per the review of Cattano and et.al., (2020) social economic environments mainly
infleunce by external economic factors mainly influence performance of human as well as
environmental factors. It mainly includes one major feature which influences in social economic
environment are early childhood development, social support, community attachment.
Consideration about this activity human has to follow these term which are very essential for
effectiveness improvement in environment.
Identification and knowledge absolute these factors that influence health issues of human,
so it's important to develop concern on the various aspect which makes effectiveness and
development consideration of suitable aspect of human and social factors. Balance management
in human its essential that they follow some basic aspect like communicate with children with
effective manner, provide them effective education, develop social support, new learning
methods and develop exercise that children communicate and share their thought with parents
and many more.
Meseguer-Sánchez, V., an et.al., (2020)Personal empowerment is majors feature so that
application and identification of some approaches make effectiveness in life and human life. Its
essential that individual has decided to develop and follow suitable concept for life effectiveness
improvement. It mainly develops when individual consider engaging effectiveness in their life
perceptions. If individual decide that they have to do some different and effective things for their
life effectiveness development they definitely develop impressive career and develop life more
effective. Also, it includes cultural community concept which refers to behaviour that human has
nature that they have different feelings for their family members and their first believes is also in
their family member. Its emotional concept that human believes in maintain good relations, but it
this term is only develop when family members develop and promote this term that its essential

to maintain good relationship with people and develop attraction with people with positive
manner. Social believes are essential which mean individual communities are equal.
CONCLUSION
It has been summarized form the above study that ocean acidification is very critical and
challenging factors for so many factors it directly influences earth stability and it impacts on
human health. This study provide information that systems thinking concepts of ecosystem
which provide solutions about application of some essential activities which has potential to
reduce Ocean acidification issue and develop effectiveness environment. It has been concluded
from the above report that biophysical and socio-economic influence environmental and
application of butterfly model of human health make sense that how human can manage
environment and health effectiveness with various approaches.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alshehhi, A., Nobanee, H. and Khare, N., 2018. The impact of sustainability practices on
corporate financial performance: Literature trends and future research
potential. Sustainability. 10(2). p.494.
Au-Yong-Oliveira, M. and et.al 2018. The social impact of technology on millennials and
consequences for higher education and leadership. Telematics and Informatics. 35(4).
pp.954-963.
Bitran, A. and et.al 2018. Adaptive trust in internal models alleviates trade-offs in biophysical
inference of the environment. In APS March Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2018, pp. A47-
005).
Cattano, C., and et.al., 2020. Changes in fish communities due to benthic habitat shifts under
ocean acidification conditions. Science of The Total Environment. 725. p.138501.
Dlugos, G., Weiermair, K. and Dorow, W. eds., 2019. Management Under Differing Value
Systems: Political, Social and Economical Perspectives in a Changing World. Walter de
Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
Meseguer-Sánchez, V., an et.al., 2020. Examining the research evolution on the socio-economic
and environmental dimensions on university social responsibility. International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public Health. 17(13). p.4729.
Musvoto, C. and et.al 2018. The Biophysical and Environmental Context. In Green Economy
Implementation in the Agriculture Sector (pp. 41-59). Springer, Cham.
Renforth, P. and Campbell, J. S., 2021. The role of soils in the regulation of ocean
acidification. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 376(1834). p.20200174.
Terhaar, J., Kwiatkowski, L. and Bopp, L., 2020. Emergent constraint on Arctic Ocean
acidification in the twenty-first century. Nature. 582(7812). pp.379-383.