FMA 4: Critique of Research Paper on the Education System During COVID

This assignment provides a critique of a research paper that examines the education system in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic. The critique summarizes the research paper's methodology, results, and discussion, focusing on the shift to online learning in higher education institutions. It analyzes the research concepts and principles used, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, and assesses the study's aims, objectives, hypotheses, and limitations. The critique also evaluates the appropriateness of the research design, data collection methods, and the validity of the conclusions drawn, highlighting the positive impacts of online learning and the government's contribution to supporting students and teachers during the pandemic. The assignment includes a checklist evaluating various aspects of the research paper, such as the clarity of aims, hypotheses, and the adequacy of the design and analysis.

CRITIQUE OF A
RESEARCH PAPER

Table of Contents

Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Methodology....................................................................................................................................1
Results..............................................................................................................................................1
Discussion........................................................................................................................................2
Provide an analysis based on the research concepts and principles.................................................2
Check marks.....................................................................................................................................3
References........................................................................................................................................5

Introduction
Aim of the current research is based on the education system during covid-19 in the
Philippines. Pandemic has resulted in the closing of the schools and colleges which has directly
impacted the education of the students. Therefore the current research has objectives to identify
the education gap along with the benefits and demerits of online learning systems (Altbach and
De Wit, 2020). As per the given scenario it is analysed that higher education institutions have
suffered more as compared to the lower classes. Hence the current research is based on the
opportunities for higher education institutions to educate students in an effective manner by
providing them with sufficient study materials and interesting online classes. But they face the
demerit of face to face communication and interaction among the students and teachers.
Moreover online education also requires internet speed and other technical resources which
create problems in learning. The following discussion is based on the methodology and results of
the entire article along with the discussion.
Methodology
Research methodology used in the current result is based on the secondary sources of the
collection and is qualitative in nature. Research philosophy use is interpretivism and Research
approach used as inductive. Research strategy is based on the case study in the form of an article
which has a time horizon of cross sectional. Beta is collected from different books and articles
along with the internet links which are authentic and written by well known references and data
sources (Commission on Higher Education, 2020).
Results
Article results are based on the opportunities grabbed by the University in order to
provide the high quality education to the students while having the online systems. As per the
research it includes the data monitoring and evidence based practices conducted by the higher
education institutions so that they can provide the high quality courses aligning with curriculum
competencies. Teachers are trained for instructing students in an online manner which has also
incorporated the online mental health and medical services. Article has the conclusion that
despite the several disadvantages of online learning systems, it states that learning should never
stop and provide all the solutions of any risk occurring while using the technical resources for the
students as well as for the teachers (Cuaton, 2020).
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Discussion
Discussion is based on the contribution of the government of the Philippines in the
education system of students especially at the level of higher studies. As per the given article it is
analysed that it is your account liberty of the government to determine all the demands of the
people so that they can push for the mass testing and also the national based contract racing so
that the number of students appealed can fully fill the demands. Moreover, the government has
also provided the pre-education to many students for better growth and development of
knowledge in the human minds and also has contributed in the teachers training and education to
serve the students while having the online learning systems (Higher Education and Southeast
Asia and Beyond, 2020).
Provide an analysis based on the research concepts and principles
The current research uses the basic principles of research which is based on autonomy
and beneficence along with the non maleficence and justice. Research concepts used in the
current research are based on the interpretivism philosophy and inductive approach along with
the qualitative research choice and case study research strategy. Cross sectional time horizon is
used along with the secondary mode of Data collection research techniques and procedures. The
entire research is conducted having the qualitative data in the form of literature review in which
the raw data is converted into the relevant information in order to display in the article. Sources
used as the books and journals along with the articles and internet websites. The research is
based on how the education system has changed because of the covid-19 pandemic and its
impact on the learning behaviour of students and teaching behaviour of teachers. Positive impact
of the online learning system is focused more as compared to the negative impact of online
learning. This is because this article especially states that whatever is the situation the education
must go on in any manner either traditionally or in the online way. That is why both the aspects
are covered positively as well as the negative and at the end finding the drone out on the positive
results over the negative impact. The article has focused on the higher education institutions and
the contribution of the government in the online learning system of students in the Philippines.
This is because pandemic has resulted in the great loss of studies of the students and that is why
the investigation is conducted so that the positive and negative impact can be drawn out for
better finding out results and strategies in order to have the positive environment and good online
learning systems in order to have the better growth and development of the career. Findings
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included as per the article is based on the positivity of online learning systems for the students
(Jorge, 2020).
Check marks
1. Are the aims and objectives of the study clearly stated?
Yes
2. Are the hypotheses and research questions clearly specified?
No, unclear specifications of hypotheses and research questions
3. Have the variables been adequately operationalized?
No, there is unclear identification of variables
4. Is the design of the study adequately described?
Yes
5. Is there an adequate description of the source of the sample, inclusion and exclusion
criteria, response rates and sample attrition?
No, secondary based sources used in the form of literature review
6. Were the statistical analysis appropriate and adequate?
No, qualitative analysis is used
7. Are the results clear and adequately reported?
Yes
8. Does the discussion of the results report them in the light of the hypotheses of the study
and other relevant literature?
Yes
9. Are the limitations of the research and its design presented?
No
10. Does the discussion generalize and draw conclusions beyond the limits of the data and
number and type of people studied?
Yes
11. Can the findings be generalized to other relevant populations and time periods?
Yes
12. Are the implications – practical or theoretical – of the research discussed?
Yes
13. Who was the sponsor of the study? Was there conflict of interest?
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Diether B. Navarosa and Camille Luiza Fernando | Edited by Coleene Villanueva | Graphic
Design by Ezekhyna Naval & Rovicheds Lejano. There was no conflict of interest.
14. Are the research data held on an accessible database or are they otherwise for scrutiny
and re-analysis?
Data is used for re-analysis
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References
Books and Journals
Altbach, P. G. and De Wit, H. (2020). Post-pandemic outlook for higher education is bleakest for
the poorest. Head Foundation
Org. https://headfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/HESB-8-COVID19_2020.pdf
Commission on Higher Education. (2020). Memorandum no. 4 series of 2020: Guidelines on the
implementation of flexible learning. https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/DRAFT-
Guidelines-Flexible-Learning_for-Public-Consultation.pdf.
Cuaton, G. P. (2020). Philippine higher education institutions in the time of COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchgate. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.1sup1/247
Higher Education and Southeast Asia and Beyond. (2020). How is COVID-19 impacting higher
education. Head Foundation
Org. https://headfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/HESB-8-COVID19_2020.pdf
Jorge, C. (2020). PH education and the new normal.
Inquirer.net. https://opinion.inquirer.net/129286/ph-education-and-the-new-normal
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