Managing Successful Business: CSR Activities and Sustainable Goals
VerifiedAdded on 2020/01/28
|28
|5244
|178
Report
AI Summary
This report delves into the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities within The Starwoods Hotel, aiming to achieve sustainable objectives. The study begins with an introduction to CSR, its importance, and its link to sustainable development, setting the aim to understand the effectiveness of CSR activities. The report outlines a project management plan, including a work-breakdown structure and Gantt chart, to manage the project's scope, resources, and risks. It employs both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, including descriptive research design and inductive research approach, to collect and analyze data. The research utilizes both primary and secondary data sources, including questionnaires and literature reviews, to assess the impact of CSR activities. The findings are then analyzed using thematic analysis, leading to conclusions and recommendations for improving CSR strategies. Ethical considerations are also addressed to ensure data confidentiality and integrity. The report concludes by reflecting on the value of the research in meeting its objectives, providing a comprehensive analysis of CSR implementation within the context of sustainable business practices.

MANAGING
SUCCESSFUL
BUSINESS
SUCCESSFUL
BUSINESS
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Aim & Objectives of project.................................................................................................1
P2. With the covering of aspects related to cost, time and communication formulating a
Project Management Plan...........................................................................................................2
P3. Work-breakdown structure and Gantt chart for providing time frames and stages towards
completion...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P4. For achievement of aims & objectives of project, carrying out a small-scale research based
upon qualitative and quantitative methodologies........................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P5. By utilising appropriate tools and techniques research & data analysation..........................7
P6. Conclusions and recommendations.....................................................................................19
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................19
P7. Reflection of value undertaken by research for meeting the objectives.............................19
References......................................................................................................................................21
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Aim & Objectives of project.................................................................................................1
P2. With the covering of aspects related to cost, time and communication formulating a
Project Management Plan...........................................................................................................2
P3. Work-breakdown structure and Gantt chart for providing time frames and stages towards
completion...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P4. For achievement of aims & objectives of project, carrying out a small-scale research based
upon qualitative and quantitative methodologies........................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P5. By utilising appropriate tools and techniques research & data analysation..........................7
P6. Conclusions and recommendations.....................................................................................19
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................19
P7. Reflection of value undertaken by research for meeting the objectives.............................19
References......................................................................................................................................21

TASK 1
P1. Aim & Objectives of project
Topic: “Implementation of CSR activities within a firm with an aim to meet sustainable
objectives”
Studying the background:-
Within an organization, one thing is of utter importance and that surely accounts to be the
corporate social responsibility. The major aim of any firm is to gain ample of profits and
enhancement of sales. So, in order for achievement of the set goals, effective management is
required in to provide satisfaction to employees(Anticevic and et.al., 2014). Many organizations
are there within a marketplace who deliver similar type of goods and items. So, with a motive of
being better & more effective than others, different organizations make full utilisation of
formulated strategies for attaining the sustainable development. CSR therefore, can emerge to be
an effective way in which sustainable development shall be achieved. The importance which is
hold by CSR has to be understood effectively since the profits rate gets better and enhanced with
its aid. So, to serve this particular motive The Starwoods Hotel has been focussed upon. The
importance of CSR will be taken in coverage area and its further link with attainment of
sustainable development will be justified(Babiak and Trendafilova, 2011).
Aim:-
“ To understand the effectiveness of activities in relation with CSR for achievement of
sustainable development: A study over The Starwoods Hotel”
Objectives:-
To gain a better understanding about the importance hold up by CSR within modern
world.
To find out the existing relation between the CSR activities and sustainable development. To give recommendations about the methods for attaining sustainable development by
aid of CSR activities.
Research Questions:-
What importance is hold up in the modern world by activities related to CSR?
How the existing link between the activities of CSR and attainment of sustainable
development be explained in details?
1
P1. Aim & Objectives of project
Topic: “Implementation of CSR activities within a firm with an aim to meet sustainable
objectives”
Studying the background:-
Within an organization, one thing is of utter importance and that surely accounts to be the
corporate social responsibility. The major aim of any firm is to gain ample of profits and
enhancement of sales. So, in order for achievement of the set goals, effective management is
required in to provide satisfaction to employees(Anticevic and et.al., 2014). Many organizations
are there within a marketplace who deliver similar type of goods and items. So, with a motive of
being better & more effective than others, different organizations make full utilisation of
formulated strategies for attaining the sustainable development. CSR therefore, can emerge to be
an effective way in which sustainable development shall be achieved. The importance which is
hold by CSR has to be understood effectively since the profits rate gets better and enhanced with
its aid. So, to serve this particular motive The Starwoods Hotel has been focussed upon. The
importance of CSR will be taken in coverage area and its further link with attainment of
sustainable development will be justified(Babiak and Trendafilova, 2011).
Aim:-
“ To understand the effectiveness of activities in relation with CSR for achievement of
sustainable development: A study over The Starwoods Hotel”
Objectives:-
To gain a better understanding about the importance hold up by CSR within modern
world.
To find out the existing relation between the CSR activities and sustainable development. To give recommendations about the methods for attaining sustainable development by
aid of CSR activities.
Research Questions:-
What importance is hold up in the modern world by activities related to CSR?
How the existing link between the activities of CSR and attainment of sustainable
development be explained in details?
1
⊘ This is a preview!⊘
Do you want full access?
Subscribe today to unlock all pages.

Trusted by 1+ million students worldwide

P2. With the covering of aspects related to cost, time and communication formulating a Project
Management Plan
ask Mode Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Manually
Scheduled Research Project
Auto
Scheduled Planning 2 days Sat 4/8/17 Tue 4/11/17
Manually
Scheduled
Findings in accordance
with research topic 1 day Sat 4/8/17 Sat 4/8/17
Manually
Scheduled
Formulating the
statement of problems 1 day Mon 4/10/17 Mon 4/10/17 3
Manually
Scheduled
Determination of total
resource allocation time 1 day Tue 4/11/17 Tue 4/11/17 4
Auto
Scheduled Implementing the plan 3 days Tue 4/11/17 Thu 4/13/17
Manually
Scheduled
Formulating the
literature review 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 5
Manually
Scheduled
Research methodology
selection 1 day Tue 4/11/17 Tue 4/11/17 4
Manually
Scheduled Calculating the costings 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 5
Manually
Scheduled
Interpreting and
analysing data 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 8
Manually
Scheduled Outcomes analysation 1 day Thu 4/13/17 Thu 4/13/17 9
Auto
Scheduled Closer of Project 3 days Thu 4/13/17 Mon 4/17/17
Manually Demonstrating the 1 day Fri 4/14/17 Fri 4/14/17 11
2
Management Plan
ask Mode Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Manually
Scheduled Research Project
Auto
Scheduled Planning 2 days Sat 4/8/17 Tue 4/11/17
Manually
Scheduled
Findings in accordance
with research topic 1 day Sat 4/8/17 Sat 4/8/17
Manually
Scheduled
Formulating the
statement of problems 1 day Mon 4/10/17 Mon 4/10/17 3
Manually
Scheduled
Determination of total
resource allocation time 1 day Tue 4/11/17 Tue 4/11/17 4
Auto
Scheduled Implementing the plan 3 days Tue 4/11/17 Thu 4/13/17
Manually
Scheduled
Formulating the
literature review 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 5
Manually
Scheduled
Research methodology
selection 1 day Tue 4/11/17 Tue 4/11/17 4
Manually
Scheduled Calculating the costings 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 5
Manually
Scheduled
Interpreting and
analysing data 1 day Wed 4/12/17 Wed 4/12/17 8
Manually
Scheduled Outcomes analysation 1 day Thu 4/13/17 Thu 4/13/17 9
Auto
Scheduled Closer of Project 3 days Thu 4/13/17 Mon 4/17/17
Manually Demonstrating the 1 day Fri 4/14/17 Fri 4/14/17 11
2
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser

Scheduled conclusion along with
recommendations
Manually
Scheduled
Properly documenting
the results 1 day Thu 4/13/17 Thu 4/13/17 10
Manually
Scheduled Submitting the reports 1 day Mon 4/17/17 Mon 4/17/17 13
Scope of the project- The present report based on the implication of corporate social
responsibility on the growth and sustainability of business. With assistance of this project,
company can gain effective sustainable growth and development in the market.
Resource- In order to conduct the investigation, resource is very important. In the present study,
researcher required major three resources that are human resource, fund and time. In order to
initiate various activities like printing questionnaire, transportation, internet etc scholar required
sufficient cost and fund. In addition to this, time is another resource which required to initiate
every activity of investigation.
Risk- In this present research study, various risk occurred related to the primary and secondary
information. The risk related to plagiarism in the secondary data collection has been incurred. In
addition to this, risk related to wrong information in the primary data collection has been
included.
Cost- Cost required in various activities in this present investigation such as transportation,
printing and stationary, internet cost etc.
P3. Work-breakdown structure and Gantt chart for providing time frames and stages towards
completion
In this present research study, in order to analyses the implication of corporate social
responsibility on the business sustainability and growth, researcher have to accomplish various
kind of activities such as primary data collection, secondary data collection etc. In all these
activities , researcher required sufficient time period. Due to lack of time, researcher have faced
issue. Thus, in order to overcome the negative impact of time, researcher have used Gantt chart
3
recommendations
Manually
Scheduled
Properly documenting
the results 1 day Thu 4/13/17 Thu 4/13/17 10
Manually
Scheduled Submitting the reports 1 day Mon 4/17/17 Mon 4/17/17 13
Scope of the project- The present report based on the implication of corporate social
responsibility on the growth and sustainability of business. With assistance of this project,
company can gain effective sustainable growth and development in the market.
Resource- In order to conduct the investigation, resource is very important. In the present study,
researcher required major three resources that are human resource, fund and time. In order to
initiate various activities like printing questionnaire, transportation, internet etc scholar required
sufficient cost and fund. In addition to this, time is another resource which required to initiate
every activity of investigation.
Risk- In this present research study, various risk occurred related to the primary and secondary
information. The risk related to plagiarism in the secondary data collection has been incurred. In
addition to this, risk related to wrong information in the primary data collection has been
included.
Cost- Cost required in various activities in this present investigation such as transportation,
printing and stationary, internet cost etc.
P3. Work-breakdown structure and Gantt chart for providing time frames and stages towards
completion
In this present research study, in order to analyses the implication of corporate social
responsibility on the business sustainability and growth, researcher have to accomplish various
kind of activities such as primary data collection, secondary data collection etc. In all these
activities , researcher required sufficient time period. Due to lack of time, researcher have faced
issue. Thus, in order to overcome the negative impact of time, researcher have used Gantt chart
3

and work break down structure. With help of this technique, each activity can organize according
to specific time period. The implication of this tool are as follows-
4
to specific time period. The implication of this tool are as follows-
4
⊘ This is a preview!⊘
Do you want full access?
Subscribe today to unlock all pages.

Trusted by 1+ million students worldwide

TASK 2
P4. For achievement of aims & objectives of project, carrying out a small-scale research based
upon qualitative and quantitative methodologies
For results that are both accurate & reliable, the study is to be conducted in an effective
manner. This is going to involve the utilisation of systematic tools & techniques from scholar's
side (Bassi and et.al., 2012). So, overall to attain the objectives research aim that have been set,
appropriate methodologies in accordance with nature of study, have to be applied. The use of
these techniques justifies the validity & feasibility of study (Santos, and et.al., 2011). Within the
same time limit, it has also proven to be of very much beneficial in order to fulfil the aims and
objectives of research being carried ou t (Cai and et.al., 2015). For applying the activities of CSR
5
P4. For achievement of aims & objectives of project, carrying out a small-scale research based
upon qualitative and quantitative methodologies
For results that are both accurate & reliable, the study is to be conducted in an effective
manner. This is going to involve the utilisation of systematic tools & techniques from scholar's
side (Bassi and et.al., 2012). So, overall to attain the objectives research aim that have been set,
appropriate methodologies in accordance with nature of study, have to be applied. The use of
these techniques justifies the validity & feasibility of study (Santos, and et.al., 2011). Within the
same time limit, it has also proven to be of very much beneficial in order to fulfil the aims and
objectives of research being carried ou t (Cai and et.al., 2015). For applying the activities of CSR
5
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser

at the Starwoods Hotel, for achieving its set sustainable objectives, researcher is currently going
to utilise the following methodologies:- Designing the research: The framework based upon which conduction of entire study is
carried forward comes under this methodology. The main motive of reaching towards
final conclusion and fulfilment of research aims & objectives is taken in consideration by
such type of blueprint (Cláudio and et.al., 2012). These set aims and objectives have to be
achieved within a limited time period. Broadly there are four categories involved within
the research designing procedure. They include descriptive, explanatory, experimental
and diagnostic (Cláudio, Silvestre and Coutinho, 2010). With particular reference to
current research the methodology of descriptive research design will be utilised by
researcher. There are no sorts of mathematical calculation involved within this research.
The whole procedure of research is based upon theoretical methods. That's the reason
behind using descriptive method . The researcher will be getting a detailed information
with respect to research-topic and accordingly outcomes will be achieved. Approach towards research: In order for carrying out a study a very important role is
showcased by approach adopted towards research (Fernandes and et.al., 2010). They help
in testing the validity about the assumptions that have been made regarding completion
of research-work. Broadly two categories of research work are classified that is inductive
and deductive . However with particular reference to present research, inductive
methodology shall be utilised (Zheludkevich and et.al., 2011). The reason behind usage
of this method is that, first of all relevant information regarding the implementation of
CSR activities within the organization for attainment of sustainable development at The
Starwoods Hotel is collected and based upon it a necessary conclusions are formulated
which could further be applied to other firms as well (Fernandes and et.al., 2013). Philosophy of research: The available dimensions within this category assist the
researcher in carrying out his research in the most feasible manner as possible. Among
the four available categories of Impretivism, Realism, and positivism the researcher will
be choosing one (Trovatti and et.al., 2011). This will be Interpretivism while considering
the present research. Within this the elements that grab the attention of individuals is
discussed. Also, in addition to this, the researcher would be able to determine various
outcomes in accordance to study.
6
to utilise the following methodologies:- Designing the research: The framework based upon which conduction of entire study is
carried forward comes under this methodology. The main motive of reaching towards
final conclusion and fulfilment of research aims & objectives is taken in consideration by
such type of blueprint (Cláudio and et.al., 2012). These set aims and objectives have to be
achieved within a limited time period. Broadly there are four categories involved within
the research designing procedure. They include descriptive, explanatory, experimental
and diagnostic (Cláudio, Silvestre and Coutinho, 2010). With particular reference to
current research the methodology of descriptive research design will be utilised by
researcher. There are no sorts of mathematical calculation involved within this research.
The whole procedure of research is based upon theoretical methods. That's the reason
behind using descriptive method . The researcher will be getting a detailed information
with respect to research-topic and accordingly outcomes will be achieved. Approach towards research: In order for carrying out a study a very important role is
showcased by approach adopted towards research (Fernandes and et.al., 2010). They help
in testing the validity about the assumptions that have been made regarding completion
of research-work. Broadly two categories of research work are classified that is inductive
and deductive . However with particular reference to present research, inductive
methodology shall be utilised (Zheludkevich and et.al., 2011). The reason behind usage
of this method is that, first of all relevant information regarding the implementation of
CSR activities within the organization for attainment of sustainable development at The
Starwoods Hotel is collected and based upon it a necessary conclusions are formulated
which could further be applied to other firms as well (Fernandes and et.al., 2013). Philosophy of research: The available dimensions within this category assist the
researcher in carrying out his research in the most feasible manner as possible. Among
the four available categories of Impretivism, Realism, and positivism the researcher will
be choosing one (Trovatti and et.al., 2011). This will be Interpretivism while considering
the present research. Within this the elements that grab the attention of individuals is
discussed. Also, in addition to this, the researcher would be able to determine various
outcomes in accordance to study.
6

Collecting data: The gathering of necessary information from relevant sources is decided
with aid of this methodology (Forkel and et.al., 2013). It is determined on basis of study
which is currently being conducted. Broadly two categories of primary and secondary
data will be utilised as per the current study (Trovatti, and et.al., 2010). These two
methods provide the researcher to collect necessary information in order for formulating
a final conclusion. However, taking in consideration the present study , both primary &
secondary data will be utilised by researcher (Hendrick, Zhang and Li, 2012). This will
be done as a matter of fact that every organization wants to take help of CSR activities
attaining sustaining development. Journals, online articles along with any sort of
publishab le thing accounts to be the secondary source of information. While the category
of primary sources will involve formulation of a questionnaire that will be having both
open and close end questions. Sampling: Considering the current research of implementing CSR methodologies within
the organization of Starwoods Hotels, the technique used for sampling is very random
(Trovatti and et.al., 2012). With reference to this, the selection of respondents will be
done on a random basis. Each of the selected respondents from the employees of
Starwoods Hotel will stand an equal change in order to get selected (Lee and Shin, 2010).
So with respect to this the selected sample size for current study will be 20 employees of
Starwoods Hotel. Analysing data: Upon the basis of nature of study to be carried out, namely two
categories have been classified for analysation of data. These two categories are namely
qualitative and quantitative (Tomé, and et.al., 2011). With particular reference to the
current study, no mathematical calculations are involved (Martins, and et.al., 2012).
Whole research topic is theoretical so the researcher will make utilisation of thematics
tool that will be framing various themes regarding the research topic. Based upon their
justification final conclusions will thereby be formulated and accordingly necessary
recommendations shall be provided.
Ethical considerations: While carrying out the various types of activities related to
research, researcher will be performing these in an ethical manner. In order to do so,
when respondents will be interviewed , information shall be forwarded to them that data
they provide should not be further utilised by another company (Rando and et.al., 2011).
7
with aid of this methodology (Forkel and et.al., 2013). It is determined on basis of study
which is currently being conducted. Broadly two categories of primary and secondary
data will be utilised as per the current study (Trovatti, and et.al., 2010). These two
methods provide the researcher to collect necessary information in order for formulating
a final conclusion. However, taking in consideration the present study , both primary &
secondary data will be utilised by researcher (Hendrick, Zhang and Li, 2012). This will
be done as a matter of fact that every organization wants to take help of CSR activities
attaining sustaining development. Journals, online articles along with any sort of
publishab le thing accounts to be the secondary source of information. While the category
of primary sources will involve formulation of a questionnaire that will be having both
open and close end questions. Sampling: Considering the current research of implementing CSR methodologies within
the organization of Starwoods Hotels, the technique used for sampling is very random
(Trovatti and et.al., 2012). With reference to this, the selection of respondents will be
done on a random basis. Each of the selected respondents from the employees of
Starwoods Hotel will stand an equal change in order to get selected (Lee and Shin, 2010).
So with respect to this the selected sample size for current study will be 20 employees of
Starwoods Hotel. Analysing data: Upon the basis of nature of study to be carried out, namely two
categories have been classified for analysation of data. These two categories are namely
qualitative and quantitative (Tomé, and et.al., 2011). With particular reference to the
current study, no mathematical calculations are involved (Martins, and et.al., 2012).
Whole research topic is theoretical so the researcher will make utilisation of thematics
tool that will be framing various themes regarding the research topic. Based upon their
justification final conclusions will thereby be formulated and accordingly necessary
recommendations shall be provided.
Ethical considerations: While carrying out the various types of activities related to
research, researcher will be performing these in an ethical manner. In order to do so,
when respondents will be interviewed , information shall be forwarded to them that data
they provide should not be further utilised by another company (Rando and et.al., 2011).
7
⊘ This is a preview!⊘
Do you want full access?
Subscribe today to unlock all pages.

Trusted by 1+ million students worldwide

The details provided by the employees must be kept fully confidential. No other third
party shall be given the data that is provided from employee's side . Only to serve the
purposes of research, such information shall be utilised.
TASK 3
P5. By utilising appropriate tools and techniques research & data analysation
Name : __________________
Age : ______
Gender : ________
1. According to you, is there any sort of importance hold by CSR with respect to modern
world?
Yes
No
2. Is there any sort of relation between the CSR and attainment of sustainable development?
Yes
No
3. Does the implementation of CSR at Starwoods Hotel holds any importance?
Yes
No
4. What are the current issues that are faced at Starwoods which according to you might impact
its sustainable development?
Less communication among the staff and higher authorities
Safety of employees
Empowerment of women
5. What sort of initiative can the Starwoods Hotel undertake in accordance with CSR?
Ensuring effective flow of communication between each level of authority
Empowering rights of women
Assurance of personal health for employees
6. What methods shall be adopted by Starwoods for implementing CSR initiatives?
Carrying out voluntary organizations
Charity events organizing annual
8
party shall be given the data that is provided from employee's side . Only to serve the
purposes of research, such information shall be utilised.
TASK 3
P5. By utilising appropriate tools and techniques research & data analysation
Name : __________________
Age : ______
Gender : ________
1. According to you, is there any sort of importance hold by CSR with respect to modern
world?
Yes
No
2. Is there any sort of relation between the CSR and attainment of sustainable development?
Yes
No
3. Does the implementation of CSR at Starwoods Hotel holds any importance?
Yes
No
4. What are the current issues that are faced at Starwoods which according to you might impact
its sustainable development?
Less communication among the staff and higher authorities
Safety of employees
Empowerment of women
5. What sort of initiative can the Starwoods Hotel undertake in accordance with CSR?
Ensuring effective flow of communication between each level of authority
Empowering rights of women
Assurance of personal health for employees
6. What methods shall be adopted by Starwoods for implementing CSR initiatives?
Carrying out voluntary organizations
Charity events organizing annual
8
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser

Offering support in terms of finance
7. Who holds the responsibility for applying the CSR initiatives?
HR team
Higher authority manager
Administrative Department
8. Is there any need for evaluating the effectiveness of CSR initiatives at Starwoods?
Yes
No
9. In what ways the effectiveness can be evaluated in accordance with CSR initiatives at
Starwoods?
Feedback system
Formulating a daily report about each activity
Theme 1 : Importance of CSR in modern world
According to you, is there any sort of
importance hold by CSR with respect to
modern world?
Frequency
Yes 18
No 2
9
7. Who holds the responsibility for applying the CSR initiatives?
HR team
Higher authority manager
Administrative Department
8. Is there any need for evaluating the effectiveness of CSR initiatives at Starwoods?
Yes
No
9. In what ways the effectiveness can be evaluated in accordance with CSR initiatives at
Starwoods?
Feedback system
Formulating a daily report about each activity
Theme 1 : Importance of CSR in modern world
According to you, is there any sort of
importance hold by CSR with respect to
modern world?
Frequency
Yes 18
No 2
9

Description: From the questionnaire which was conducted among the 20 employees of
Starwoods, nearly 18 of them felt that implementation of CSR initiatives holds utter importance
in today's modern world. However, only 2 of the remaining claimed that it was not important.
But considering the present scenario, for every organization sustainable development holds utter
importance . So, in order to attain sustainable development CSR initiatives are necessary to be
implemented at every organization. This way the organization will b e able to maintain its high
profits and sales for long terms.
10
18
2
Yes
No
Starwoods, nearly 18 of them felt that implementation of CSR initiatives holds utter importance
in today's modern world. However, only 2 of the remaining claimed that it was not important.
But considering the present scenario, for every organization sustainable development holds utter
importance . So, in order to attain sustainable development CSR initiatives are necessary to be
implemented at every organization. This way the organization will b e able to maintain its high
profits and sales for long terms.
10
18
2
Yes
No
⊘ This is a preview!⊘
Do you want full access?
Subscribe today to unlock all pages.

Trusted by 1+ million students worldwide
1 out of 28
Related Documents

Your All-in-One AI-Powered Toolkit for Academic Success.
+13062052269
info@desklib.com
Available 24*7 on WhatsApp / Email
Unlock your academic potential
Copyright © 2020–2025 A2Z Services. All Rights Reserved. Developed and managed by ZUCOL.