Research Skills and Information: Analyzing Cybercrime in Society

This essay explores the impact of cybercrime on local society, analyzing two articles to understand its effects and propagation. Task A introduces the topic, discussing the definition of crime and its various costs to victims and society. It also delves into the rise of digital crime and its implications, including cyber attacks and the exploitation of technology. The presentation of both articles highlights the increasing threat of cybercrime, particularly in business organizations, and the importance of understanding its flexible nature and impact on different age groups. Task B presents key findings from the articles, emphasizing the shift from physical to digital crimes and the need for enhanced data security and protective networks. The essay concludes by underscoring the importance of awareness and proactive measures to mitigate the negative effects of cybercrime on individuals, organizations, and society. Desklib offers a variety of resources, including past papers and solved assignments, to aid students in their studies.

Research Skills and
Using Information

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK A...........................................................................................................................................3
About the article: Crime and its effects on local society............................................................3
A background to the topic...........................................................................................................4
Presentation of both articles........................................................................................................4
TASK B...........................................................................................................................................6
Key findings from the above two articles...................................................................................6
A comparison between academic papers....................................................................................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERNCES:................................................................................................................................10
Books and Journals:..................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
A crime can be understood as an unlawful activity for which an individual can be
punished in terms of law. This act is socially dangerous and harmful for the society. It is also
against law. It affects severely on the mental health of people (Ajide, 2020). This assignment is
based on articles. The introduction and background of the topic is mentioned in the report.
Moreover, the comparison of topic is done by an effective note taking which is a fundamental
part of this assignment.
TASK A
About the article: Crime and its effects on local society.
Crime is meant by an act, event or omission that is restricted or prohibited in the eyes of
law. It is a major part of every local society. It impacts and costs everyone to some sort of
degree. The forms of effects and costs are broadly multifaceted. Some costs and effects are short-
term and others results for a life time. In the present times, the crime is increasing day by day
which causes and harm the society. There are many people who do not think about their family,
friends or the ones whom they are attached and indulge in crime acts. It severely harm the
society and victim suffers a lot and most of the time do not get accepted by the society. The
ultimate cost to victim is loss of life (Akers and Jennings, 2019). While other costs to victim may
involve property losses, medical costs as well as loss of income. Losses to both non-victims and
victims can also come in the way of accumulated security expenses which may include parking
in more expensive secure lots, extra lighting, stronger locks, maintaining guard dogs, security
alarms for homes and cars and many more, A huge amount of money is invested with an intent to
avoid being victimized. Other than these expenses, an individual who has fear of crimes or
victim moving to a new place or neighbourhood, legal fees, loss of school or college days,
funeral expenses and more. Some of the costs are not tangible which may include a lower quality
of life, suffering or pain (Anderson, 2021). There are some traumatic effects on the family and
friends. Behaviour is also changed and mould because of the bad experience and crime. Hence,
each and every person is different from one another and gets affected differently from an illegal
act. There is a direct influence of the crime and criminal on the local community. The crime kills
the happiness of the victim and the people related to the victim. Therefore, all such things are

bad for the society and the people who live in the society. Various kind of crimes provide a
power and strength to more criminals and resulting increasing fear among local citizen.
A background to the topic.
With a motive to complete this assignment, there is a discussion based upon digital crime.
Now a days, digitalisation is present in every part of the world. There is more focus on the
exploitation of new and modern technologies. It is very important to note that digitalisation not
only indulge benefits but it also give rise to new crimes (Banerjee and Kanungo, 2021). It
increases cyber crimes in the world. Hence, it is also essential to know the drawbacks of
digitalisation which causes crimes in the world. Organisations also suffers a lot due to
digitalisation. In current times, as the exploitation of latest technologies is increasing and the
human shifting their burden towards machines which increases the chances of losing confidential
information or data which delivers a negative impact on the companies and people as well. In
such a way, the criminals have also found a new method to harm the local community. Cyber
attack creates different kind of motivation among criminals and delivers a negative impact on the
society. It is found that these impacts may be on individual, group of individuals or even on the
whole society (Carter and Wolfe, 2021). It may cover economic loss, financial loss, stealing
confidential information, internet or email fraud, identity fraud, stealing financial account, debit
or credit information and many other things. Cyber criminals may point out or steal the private
information of an individual in order to threaten or resale. It might not cause any serious
implications on the physical health but it cause a lot to the mental health of a person. Victims are
not able to protect themselves from the mental and emotional trauma. It is harmful for victims to
live with the same problem. It is found that the local community or society is facing such a
problem that is linked with to the cyber crime. Hence, it has a direct impact on the people,
organisation and local society.
Presentation of both articles.
Article 1:
As per the viewpoint of How Cybercrime affects society (2021), cyber crime represents
any or all kind of criminal acts carried out through internet or electronic device. Cyber crime is
increasing day by day due to the use of computers and internet. It raised a threat which is related
with the cyber crime (Errol, Madsen and Moslehi, 2021). While talking about business
organisation, it highly depends on the latest technologies as without it, the business cannot

function properly. It provides an ease in the flow of operations and more helpful in business
communication across the world. But at the same time, it also causes serious issues such as
leaking information to competitors and more. In present times, the user-friendly computers are
also dangerous and the cyber criminals are using the same to indulge in crimes. Hence, the article
is mentioned with the proper understanding of cyber crime (Glebovskiy, 2019). Many actions
have been taken to stop the cyber crime in the business or any section of the world, but nothing
works to it, resulting the crime increasing day by day. It is required to have a deep understanding
of cybercrime in order to reduce it. Crime cannot be separated from the community and present
in each and every zone. No one can neglect the fact that crime can be happened at any time and
in any place and nobody can stop to be happened. There are several laws have been imposed by
the government to reduce or stop it but people are still taking benefits of digitalisation and
resulting huge disruption to the local society. Some of the people who become victim of the
serious incident have certain issues and not able to face or react to the situation. They leave their
property, peace, money and safety as well. Hence, cyber crime is a big problem in the society
and delivers an negative impact on the people live in it. The methods or solutions must be found
to limit the cyber crimes in the society (Idler, 2019). The crime is flexible in nature and is
related to social, political or economic changes in the presence of society. These crimes are not
an accidental happenings as these are attempted with an intention to harm the individual. The
local community is also caused by the crime and increasing the problems for the people who are
a part of the society. All age groups are affected by the crime but the crime delivers a significant
influence on the teenagers. In present times, most of the teenagers are taking it as an opportunity
to harm people. They misuse their studies and knowledge to harm the society and use
information in illegal way. It is found that the exploitation of e-commerce is increasing and it
increases the options for people. But, at the same times, the scams and frauds are found on
regular basis. Human beings are involved in the use of digital technologies must be ready to
understand the fact and choose between right or wrong (Klentz, Winters and Chapman, 2020).
Somehow, if they are not able to know then they become the part of the illegal activity and face
severe financial losses. It leads to emotional distress.
Article 2:
As per the viewpoint of A taxonomy of Cyber-harms: Defining the impacts of cyber-
attacks and understanding how they propagate (2018), digitalisation makes company to use

latest and advanced technologies in the business. The same has raised the cyber crimes in the
dynamic environment of business (O'Brien, Farrell and Welsh, 2019). The lack or increase in
knowledge among local citizens is the part of cyber crimes. As there is an increase in the
digitalisation, organisations mainly rely on the technologies. Valuable upgradation in areas with
the exploitation of internet increases the chances of cyber crimes. One must know about the
approaches that will support in the understanding the consequences due to cyber crime. There is
a requirement to exploit the adequate technology and employ the proficient in an organisation so
that the risk can be mitigated. Through digital infrastructure, the cyber attacks and crimes can be
mitigated. The key benefit that digitalisation offers is an ease of working and communicating
others throughout the world anytime. On the other hand, it also increases a threat to attacks in
environment. People do not want to part of the cyber attack but simultaneously do not take
necessary steps to reduce the risks. Taxonomy is necessitate that causes cyber attacks. In the
terms of law, it is not right and often the extent is much broader. It is dangerous to the people and
often result in terms of death. There are range of features and cascading impacts of an illegal act.
The crimes in real sense is so harmful and dangerous that people might lose themselves to face
the situations (Schmidt, McGrimmon and Dilks, 2022). The cyber attacks are rising day by day
with the exploitation of new tools and digitalisation. In the first phase, people are low and not
able to tackle the issues. Many larger firms are also dedicate themselves in cyber crime and now
they are in problematic phase.
Finally, it is found and researched that cyber crime delivers a huge and negative impact
on the society. It is now realised that there lots of reasons that cause crime in the local
community. Cyber crime is a different kind of crime that is related with digitalisation and more
use of advanced technologies and tools in the world. People, organisations and the society must
be aware about the negative effects of the crime and take necessary steps to save themselves
against any legal conduct or crime (Wallace, 2019).
TASK B
Key findings from the above two articles.
It is found that the crime is an illegal act which is increasing day by day in the local
society. It causes harm to both people and society. In earlier times, the crime is mainly done in
physical forms such as thefts, murder and many more, but now a days, the crime is done through

digital technologies. There are various laws and legislations imposed by the government to
eliminate the cybercrime in the society and enhances the knowledge about the negative
implications on the people as well (Wrigley, 2019). Cyber crime is attempted locally and
internationally. Every place, state or region wants a life that is free from any kind of crime and
criminals. But, as the use of internet is increasing day by day, it attracts criminals to do an illegal
act or harm the society to satisfy their motives. By analysing the various tools and techniques, a
criminal can use information to harm the people. Hence, it is very important to secure the private
data and information and develop such networks that helps in the protection of own. It is found
that when one is using information or any kind of data in a systematic way or able to use the
internet in a smart way will lead to protection against any sort of crime. By taking right
initiatives, the cybercrime can be limited and it will deliver a positive impact on the society.
It is found that teenagers are mainly attracted by the crime. They are using internet,
computer systems, mobile phones more than any other age group, resulting they are becoming
the part of the crime. Teenagers or youth often use internet platforms to make relationships or
friendships with others but they are neglecting the fact or not able to understand that they are
only causing danger themselves and getting involved in problems. There is also a discussion
based upon the effect of digital crime on the organisation . Criminal acts are done in such a
manner that innocent person is not able to analyse the facts. Criminals often use tricky
knowledge or ideas of stealing the confidential data or breaking down the digital security to leak
the information of customers or benefit the competitors. It is pivotal to make strong official
websites and safeguard the details and information so that such crimes are not occurred in future.
These implications are big and serious on the society. Sometimes, it is also essential to be aware
about the facts when downloading a movie, song or game through digital platforms. It is
important to use the genuine sites and protect the information and data. Using updated
technology is necessary for everyone but it must be used with proper knowledge and by taking
care of the bad implications. Digital shopping is often use in current times, it is also not safe to
shop online as the money of many people gets perplexed in between and people often lose their
money in such crimes. Therefore, there is a need of creating awareness about the cyber attacks
and crimes and acknowledge the ideas to reduce it.
Technological advancement has made the organisation to go for the digitalised options to
communicate with the clients and manage business operations. The organisation often generating

more revenues for the business due the spending in IT sector. Simultaneously, it also increases
the risks to cyber crimes and attacks to the people around it. Organization is not a new
phenomenon but the change methods are. The use of technologies and cost benefit analysis must
be done before making any investment. Moreover, there is need to find out the risks of cyber
crimes and its severe effects on the company. There are few models that be used to analyse the
consequences of cyber crimes in order to limit the consequences of it. It is also important to have
employees which have experience and expertise knowledge to mitigate the risk of cyber attacks.
It is researched that cyber attacks are done with an intent to harm the people, organisation or
local society. For organisations, it is done to leak the confidential data of the client to its
competitors. Organisations must take necessary initiatives to minimise the negative impact of the
crime (Zhuang and Mateu, 2019). It is also necessary that when these crimes happened in the
surroundings, it should be disclosed among all so that more people can know the facts of the
happening and victim does not go in emotional trauma. Additionally, it is pivotal to trust the
benefits of internet and use digitalisation so that real benefits can be undertaken. It can be
undertaken by necessary precautions and actions.
A comparison between academic papers.
The first finding was based on the digital crime and its effect on the society. The
explanation was based on the youth, teenagers and firms. Various issues have been analysed
from the first article. The cyber crime and attack is increasing day by day. Fro, the second article,
the main concentration is based on the cyber harm on firms. Also, strategies are evaluated to
reduce cyber crime in the society.
Both first and second article is based on the secondary data as using secondary data is
much easier to gather the information. Using these data is less time-consuming and also these are
more relevant to use correctly. As the cyber crime is increasing in the world, it is important to
assemble information which is already used so that the more relevant decisions can be made.
It is summarised that people, firms and societies must be aware about the crimes and its
effects on themselves. They must find out the ways to mitigate and take necessary steps and
securities while shopping digitally. It is important to use digital technologies and these are
becoming an essential part of the day to day lives as well, but on the other side, it is quite vital to
know the negative impacts of it so that one can be secured from a crime. Teenagers must take
proper knowledge before exploiting social media platforms so that their personal data must not

get leaked by the criminals. While, business organisations must secure their confidential data
from the frauds so that it cannot be misused by competitors. Hence, it is important to know the
main cause of cyber crime. Organisations can go for the several models to identify the effects of
cyber attacks (Phillips, Donnermeyer and Wurschmidt, 2019). They must also acknowledge the
methods or tools through the crime can be reduced in the society.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can be said that crime is an unlawful act that caused a
negative impact on the society, organisation and people. This report is based on the research
about cyber crimes which is increasing in the society. It required proper knowledge and
understanding to read the articles related to crime. It is also covered with an evaluation between
two articles which is discussed in the report. It is also important to consider the use of methods to
gather the information about the crime.

REFERNCES:
Books and Journals:
Ajide, F.M., 2020. Crime control in Nigeria: how relevant is remittance inflow?. Journal of
Money Laundering Control.
Akers, R.L. and Jennings, W.G., 2019. The social learning theory of crime and deviance. In
Handbook on crime and deviance (pp. 113-129). Springer, Cham.
Anderson, D.A., 2021. The Costs of Crime. The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in
Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2, pp.447-450.
Banerjee, S. and Kanungo, N., 2021. Crime-The Economic Wolf. Blue Rose Publishers.
Carter, T.M. and Wolfe, S.E., 2021. Explaining the relationship between neighborhood disorder
and crime fear: The perceptual role of neighbors and the police. Journal of Criminal
Justice, 77, p.101867.
Errol, Z., Madsen, J.B. and Moslehi, S., 2021. Social disorganization theory and crime in the
advanced countries: Two centuries of evidence. Journal of Economic Behavior &
Organization, 191, pp.519-537.
Glebovskiy, A., 2019. Inherent criminogenesis in business organisations. Journal of Financial
Crime.
Idler, A., 2019. Borderland battles: Violence, crime, and governance at the edges of Colombia's
war. Oxford University Press.
Klentz, B.A., Winters, G.M. and Chapman, J.E., 2020. The CSI Effect and the impact of DNA
evidence on mock jurors and jury deliberations. Psychology, Crime & Law, 26(6),
pp.552-570.
O'Brien, D.T., Farrell, C. and Welsh, B.C., 2019. Looking through broken windows: The impact
of neighborhood disorder on aggression and fear of crime is an artifact of research
design. Annual Review of Criminology, 2, pp.53-71.
Phillips, G.H., Donnermeyer, J.F. and Wurschmidt, T.N., 2019. Crime and its prevention. In
Rural Society in the US: Issues for the 1980s (pp. 234-243). Routledge.
Schmidt, M.R., McGrimmon, T.S. and Dilks, L.M., 2022. Social roles and organizational
culture: attributions of responsibility and punitiveness for financial crime. Journal of
White Collar and Corporate Crime, 3(1), pp.46-55.
Wallace, A.R., 2019. Vaccination a Delusion: Its Penal Enforcement a Crime: Proved by the
Official Evidence in the Reports of the Royal Commission. Good Press.
Wrigley, S.J., 2019. A legal perspective on crime. In Security and crime prevention in libraries
(pp. 32-45). Routledge.
Zhuang, J. and Mateu, J., 2019. A semiparametric spatiotemporal Hawkes‐type point process
model with periodic background for crime data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society:
Series A (Statistics in Society), 182(3), pp.919-942.