MIS770 Foundation Skills in Data Analysis: TechnoMart Survey Analysis

This report presents an analysis of the TechnoMart Industries employee satisfaction survey, conducted on a sample of 400 employees. The analysis reveals that employees work an average of 45.43 hours per week, slightly above the recommended 40 hours, with some employees overworking significantly. Union and non-union members show similar working hours, but different occupational structures, with non-union members primarily in managerial roles and union members in labor and production. Job satisfaction is high among both groups, with non-union members slightly more satisfied. Pre-tax income is influenced by factors such as job experience, education, and hours worked. The workforce is relatively young, with an average age of 39.41 years. The analysis validates the claim that employees stay with TechnoMart longer than the industry average of 7.5 years and disproves the claim that union members work at least 45 hours per week. The report concludes with recommendations for future surveys, suggesting a larger sample size to improve accuracy. The overall satisfaction level is high despite the extra working hours, and the company has little to worry about regarding employee retention.

12 September 2018
MOD Corporation
205 Broadway Av
West Beach 30287
Emma Saward
Vice-President Human Resources
TechnoMart Industries
New Canberra Av 1435
Australia
Dear Madam,
RE: Analysis of TechnoMart Industries employee satisfaction survey
Executive Summary
Following the survey of a random sample of the TechnoMart employees to evaluate job
satisfaction, our firm MDB Corporation was contracted to analyse the survey and provide
appropriate feedback. In my role as a senior data analyst in the above-mentioned organisation
I have taken a thorough study of the data and is writing back to provide TechnoMart
management with the necessary feedback.
From the company’s population of 9800 employees a sample of 400 staff members was
randomly selected to undertake the survey. The selection of the sample was purely random
and had no regard to gender, age or even occupation.
The first task involved a review of the total time spent at work for a period of one week.
From this analysis, the average time spent by an employee doing duties delegated by
TechnoMart was registered as 45.43. being that the Australian labour laws set the standard
working hours at 40 hours per week, there is a general view that the employees of

TechnoMart are overworking. Apart from the mean working hours another issue of concern
was the 5% level of employees whose working hours seems to far above the expected range.
Afterwards, the union and non-union workers were analysed in relation to each other. In
terms of hours worked minimal difference was detected and it can be generalised that the two
groups of workers spent uniform amount of time at work. Reviewing the occupation structure
of each group, a unique pattern was discovered in the two cases. For the union members
labour, production and professional workers formed a large portion. The non-union workers
meanwhile were mainly comprised of the managers, admins and support employees. The
level of job satisfaction among this two groups indicated a uniformity with both showing a
high level of contention with their current contract as TechnoMart. The non-union members
though topped the list with 90% of them indicating satisfaction.
Analysis of the pre-tax income led to a number of discoveries. The income value rather than
being a component of a single explanatory factor, was explained by a set of variables. Job
experience indicated by years of working and the total number of years spent studying were
the biggest contributors to the income variation among employees. In addition, hours worked,
and occupation were also discovered to contribute to the income difference.
In a nutshell it can be stated that TechnoMart workforce is comprised of young employees,
the company employees age has a mean of 39 years with around 59% of them being under
the age of 40. This is an evidence that the management have nothing to worry about
regarding employees retiring in the near future.
The final part of the analysis involved proving some of the claims. The average time
employees spent at TechnoMart was approved to be over the industry time of 7.5 years. In
addition, the rumours that union members spent over 45 hours at work per week was
disregarded. This was due to lack of evidence from the data to support it.
The report is closed by a brief summary regarding data sampling and ways of ensuring the
sample population is ideal and to represent the actual population.
Data Analysis outcome
1. Overall view of TechnoMart work hours
a. In general, the weekly working hours in TechnoMart do vary from employee to
employee. Averagely each employee works 45.43 hrs in a week. This is slightly
above the recommended working hours which is 40 hours in a week. This is an

indication that some employees may be overworking. When the data is studied
closely there is evident that majority of the employees working hours are high
above the average.
The employee who spent the most hours at work have 89 hours of his/her week
spent on duties delegated by TechnoMart.
Visual study of the data indicates that on the minimum end there is no employee
who is spending less hours at work than will normally be expected, however the
number of employees who are working more hour’s way beyond the normal 65
hours appear to be quit many. At least 5% of the sample are overworking to an
extreme end.
b. The number of employees whose working hours exceed the normal 40 hours in a
week stands at 44.36% for TechnoMart. Also 6.52% of the employees are
working over 60 hours in a week.
2. Comparison of the non-union and union members
a. Hours worked
The non-union members work on an average 45.49 hours in a week. Most of the
members though work more hours than that given by the average. The employees
who work more spend 84 hours per week undertaking job duties. The employee
who spend least hours working have 28 hours of his/her time allocated to job in a
week.
On the other hand, the workers who belong to a union on average spend 45.14
hours weekly at work. The highest number of hours spent at work by the
employees is 89 hours while the employee who spend fewest hours at work spend
32 hours. Also, in this case majority of the workers are working more hours than
indicated by the mean
b. Occupation
Most of the employees who are not members of a union are the managerial staff,
with professionals, admin support and technical employees also taking a large
proportion of those not engaged with union activities. Employees under service,
production and labour category only form a small proportion of the non-union
workers.

On the other hand, labour, production and professional workers consist of the
majority who belong to a union. The managers and service providers are only a
small proportion of this group
c. Job satisfaction
Over 90% of the non-union employees are either very or moderately satisfied with
their job. This leaves less than 10% as the only group falling under the little or
very dissatisfied group.
The employees who belong to a union on the other hand have 81% of their
members either moderately or very satisfied with their job
Generally, most of the employees are not subscribed for union membership with
around 82% falling in this category.
A cross check of both the sets indicate that most of the employees either union or
non-union members are satisfied with their jobs.
The managers are the majority who are not subscribed to the union while labour
workers are the majority in the union.
The number of hours dedicated to job in both camps seems to appear the same
with both the groups recording a mean of 45 working hours per week.
3. Prediction of Pre-Tax Income
The pre-tax income earned by an employee is explained by not just one factor but a
number of issues. For instance, those whose job occupation for under the managerial
tend to earn high average pre-tax compared to employees classified as admins.
Furthermore, the hours worked by an employee also contribute to their earnings.
3.61% of the differences in income is explained by the different in the hours worked
per employees. Another factor that is of concern is the number of years of education.
This together with number of years spent working explain 8.28% and 9.27% of the
differences in pre-tax income. The number of working years seems to be the a very
significant factor when determining pre-tax income of the employees. Being that it
explains 9.27% of the variations it can be graded as a stand out predictor of the pre-
tax income.
Other factors like number of promotions and years worked for also explains the
income differences though their influence is minimal.

4. Employees nearing retirement
a. Average age of TechnoMart employees
The statutory retirement age in Australia is 62 years though employers are allowed
to offer employment to eligible employees until the age of 65. Averagely
TechnoMart employees are 39.41 years.
Looking at the age structure of the TechnoMart employees its observable that
83.25% are less than 50 years of age. This indicates that the management have no
reason to worry. Only 5% of the employees have surpasses the 60 years of age and
are nearing retirement.
b. Average time employees have worked for TechnoMart
Averagely the employees of TechnoMart have spent 8.66 years working for the
firm.
Most of the employees in the firm have spent less than 40years in the company
with 99.75% of the sampled employees indicating the same.
5. Union membership
a. The claim by the union that averagely the employees of TechnoMart stay in the
firm for more than 7.5 years is valid. When the data is analysed sufficient
evidence is found to rubbish any allegations that the average working hours in the
firm is equal to 7.5 years. This means that the opposite claim is supported and it
can be confirmed with 95% certainty that employees stay in TechnoMart for more
than 7.5 years.
The scenario is reflected on both the male and female employees. overall it can be
concluded by 95% certainty that the male employees as well as the female
employees normally run their contract with TechnoMart industry for a period
longer than 7.5 years which is the industry average.
b. The data was analysed to check the claim that union members work for at least 45
hours in a week. In the analysis we tested if the average working hours for the
union employees is 45 hours per week. Sufficient evidence was obtained to
indicate that this is not the case. Fir this reason there is a 95% confidentiality that
on average the union members work for less than 45 hours in a given week
6. Future Surveys

a. The calculation of the sample size takes in to account three parameters. One is the
population or the sample standard deviation, two we have the confidence level
needed and three we have the standard error which the test will allow for.
Now the confidence interval is used together with the excel function
NORM >S > INV () to obtain the Z score.
The ideal sample size will thereby be computed by the formula
n=( Z∗δ
E )
2
where n isthe minimum sample ¿ E the error∧δ the standard deviationIn a case
where the error allowed is 0.5043 and the confidence interval is set as 95%, then
using the given formula the ideal sample size will be 1083 employees. This means
that the 400 employees who took part in the survey do not meet the minimum
number of participants needed. This proves that the concern regarding the in
accuracy due to sampling errors is valid and need to be resolved.
b. To estimate the overworking problem among the employees accurately the
confidence interval will be set at 99.99%, while the error will be allowed at
0.5023. the ideal sample size for this will be 5532 employees. This is the
minimum number of participants which need to be interviewed before we can be
certain that the sample size selected is a true representation of the entire
population.
Conclusion
The analysis was conducted due to the request of the management of TechnoMart Industries.
The data on the employees’ job satisfaction was obtained through questioners which were
randomly distributed to 400 employees. Their results were documented and sent to DMB
corporation for breakdown by data science experts.
Following a successful analysis of the data several significant discoveries were identified.
The main issue of concern was the number of employees in the organisation who are
classified as overworking.
The satisfaction level of the companies though is relatively very high despite the extra
working hours.

A view of the pre-tax income variation among employees indicated its supported by several
factors though work experience, occupation and education are the key explanatory variables.
The company loyalty is also responsible for a slight difference.
In conclusion it can be stated that the company have very little concerns regarding the
employees especially when it comes to job satisfaction and age structure.
Yours sincerely,
Madison Thomson
Data Analyst
MDB Corporation