CO2222 Data Communications and Enterprise Networking Coursework Report

This report presents a comprehensive network design for a cycle hire service, addressing the needs of both users and the provider. The report begins with an introduction and background, outlining the context of a new provider entering the market to compete with an existing, outdated service. Task 1 focuses on the core requirements, including remote locking/unlocking, real-time GPS tracking, secure payments, and scalability. The report details the functionality, performance considerations, and cost analysis, covering equipment, installation, expansion, downtime, and opportunity costs. Reliability is also a key aspect, emphasizing the importance of network uptime and redundancy. Task 2 delves into user requirements, such as ease of use, locating cycles, flexible payment options, and accurate time-based billing. The report details the justifications for each requirement. Task 3 discusses the technical design, including the use of IoT gateways and GPS devices. The report concludes by summarizing the feasibility and potential of the proposed network solution. References to relevant research and articles are also included.

Running head: Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

Data Communications and Enterprise Networking 1
1 Table of Contents
2 Introduction & Background:...............................................................................................2
3 Task 1:.................................................................................................................................2
3.1 Functionality:...............................................................................................................2
3.2 Performance:................................................................................................................3
3.3 Cost:.............................................................................................................................3
3.3.1 Equipment software and hardware costs:.............................................................3
3.3.2 Cost for installation:.............................................................................................4
3.3.3 Cost for expansion:..............................................................................................4
3.3.4 Downtime cost:....................................................................................................4
3.3.5 Opportunity cost:..................................................................................................4
3.4 Reliability:...................................................................................................................4
4 Task 2:................................................................................................................................5
5 Task 3:................................................................................................................................8
6 Conclusion:........................................................................................................................8
7 References:.........................................................................................................................9

2Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
2 Introduction & Background:
A new provider who is making plan for entering the cycle hiring market in a major
city. The existing provider is available there to provide this kind of service but the process
has become old and outdated. An opportunity is there for the new provider that they can
complete with them with an improved price and technology. The purpose of this paper is
conduct a feasibility study as well as propose a design and specification for a network for
implementing the User Requirements.
3 Task 1:
In the proposed solution, the new provider has identified 4 major requirements that
needs to be satisfied in the proposed solution (Stienen et al., 2016). The requirements are,
ability for unlocking and locking remotely, real time location tracking for all the cycles,
secure and simple payments, scalable up to 5000000 bicycles.
3.1 Functionality:
The new provider need to install a server in their system. The server will monitor the
activities of the users and admin. The server is needed to be installed into the main system of
the company. A GPS tracking device is needed to be installed in all of the cycles that the real
time location of each and every cycles can be updated in the server (Sugimoto, Ota and
Suzuki, 2019). The GPS tracking unit is basically navigation device that carried normally by
a person and moving vehicle. The location data that will be recorded need to be stored with in
tracking device or they need to be transmitted into the devices that are connected by the
Internet by using radio, GPRS or satellite modem. An IP addressing plan is needed to be
developed in a way that the location data of each of the cycles can be stored into the server.

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3.2 Performance:
For all the operations that will be performed, the most important thing is the
performance of the network. For getting better performance from the network, the admin
have to check the quality of the packet shaping and service. One of the ways for improving
the network performance is to ensure that the important most applications are getting priority.
The admin have to determine that the network is at fault (Davies et al., 2017). The customer
and guests need to be provided a different network. As sharing the same network with the
employees and customers can slow down the network performance. Using different network
will also secure the private network that will be used by the employees. The bottlenecks are
needed to be monitored as the network monitoring is very much critical for the diagnose of
traffic jams or potential bottlenecks that are existed in the network (Narain, Ranganathan and
Noubir 2019). The firmware and software is needed to be updated. The company have to
utilize VLANs for segmenting the low priority traffic as the Virtual Local Area Networks are
basically an excellent way for partitioning the resources of the network. The admin have to
check for malware and viruses on a regular basis as they can slow down the network
performance.
3.3 Cost:
The network is basically one of the strategic elements in the overall design of
information system. The cost of network can be more than the sum of orders of equipment
purchase (Monteiro, 2016). The list of costs that are linked with the networks are as per
following:
3.3.1 Equipment software and hardware costs:
The company have to consider what needs to be bought at the time of purchasing a
system, the costs need to be included in the installation, initial purchase, project upgrading
cost and maintenance.

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3.3.2 Cost for installation:
The expensive most element for a huge network is the installation of physical cable
plat of a site. The cost is including site modification, installation labor, fees that is associated
with the conformance of local code (Lee et al., 2017).
3.3.3 Cost for expansion:
The organisation needs to calculate ripping out cost for all the thick Ethernet by
adding some additional functionalities or by going to a location which is totally new.
3.3.4 Downtime cost:
The organisation have to evaluate the cost for each off the minutes in that a client is
not able to access a centralized database or file server. If the cost will be high, then the user
have to the huge cost to downtime (Taczanowska et al., 2017).
3.3.5 Opportunity cost:
Each of the choices that will be made is having an option for opposing alternative.
The option can be topology solution, a specific hardware platform, system integration
alternative or the level of redundancy. The costs for the opportunity need to switch to the
technologies that are new as well as the topologies could be lost lower productivity,
competitive advantage.
3.4 Reliability:
As the organisation the live track the location of the cycles, the reliability of the
network is very much important. The outages and issues are possible when the tools related
security are inserted in-line. One of the easiest way for mitigating this concern is, deploying a
bypass switch before the deploying tool. With the redundancy of a network, the businesses
are having several ways for receiving the services that are needed to be functioned (MEFFE
et al., 2019). In this scenario, the company have to look for a system which is backed by the

5Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
service level agreement for uptime (SLA) and service level target for support (SLT). All the
things together can keep the business communicating. The business is having the ability to
create on site redundancy that needs them to double build each and every thing that are
needed by them by in an way that is easier. The organisation is having the ability to choose a
provider and a solution which include redundancy of a network as the part of their offering.
The technical requirements are Software, Hardware and Network. The technological
requirements are Traffic isolation, Security and Scalability.
4 Task 2:
Requirements Justification
Simple for using The system that will be developed needs to
be very much easy to use for the users.
There should be an application for all the
users that they can also track their activities
via that application. There should be a
section in the app that will help the users to
the inform the organisation for further help.
The network design needs to be very simple
for the employees as well as for the admins
too that they can analyse the issues that will
be faced (Faizul and Rashid, 2017). The
network design must not be very much
complex it should be simple to use.
Easy to locate closest available cycle The system have to identify the closest
available cycle. The IOT gateways enable a
huge range of connectivity to BAN or HAN

6Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
(Home Area Network or Building Area
Network) protocols such as Bluetooth,
Zigbee, Wi-Fi, LAN and BACnet. The
sensors and devices are able to connect to
the gateways that connects to the cloud.
Flexible methods for payment There should be flexible methods for the
payment. As the organisation needs to allow
the user to make payment from any modes
such as credit card, UPI payments, debit
card or secure net banking. For that they
need to provide smart devices for payment.
Only pay for actual time the cycle is used The company have to charge their
customers only for the exact time they have
used the cycle. There should be a network
monitoring system with a login session. The
user have to login at the time of taking cycle
and they have to log out at the time of
handing over the cycle. With the help of
procedure, the customer will only pay for
the actual time the cycle is used.
Ability to unlock and lock remotely For configuring the access to the server, the
provider have to specify the following
sections:
 They need the connection of server
host, port, as well as they user

7Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
credentials
 The URL address for accessing.
 The devices need to be connected
with the server that the admin can
lock and unlock that remotely.
Real-time location tracking of all cycles. The IOT gateways enable the protocols such
as Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi, LAN and
BACnet. The sensors as well as devices are
able to connect to the gateways (Khakimov
et al., 2017). The GPS device on the cycle
needs to be functional always that the
provider can track the cycles any time.
Simple, secure payments The organisation have to provide a simple,
flexible and secure payment options. The
company have to provide payment options
like credit card, UPI payments, debit card or
secure net banking.
Scalable up to 500,000 bicycles. The vertical scalability can be provided for
the solution. The vertical scalability along
with the IoT solution is basically the ability
for increasing the capacity of existing
software and hardware by adding some
resources.

8Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
5 Task 3:
The network needs IOT gateways enable the protocols such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi,
LAN and BACnet. The GPS device on the cycle needs to be functional always that the
provider can track the cycles any time. The network diagram is as follows:
6 Conclusion:
Thus, it can be concluded that an opportunity is there for the new provider that they can
complete with them with an improved price and technology because the existing provider is
available there to provide this kind of service but the process has become old and outdated. In
this paper a networking solution has been provided for the company. The requirements has
been analysed with proper justification.

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7 References:
Davies, G., Whyatt, J.D., Huck, J.J., Dixon, J., Hocking, B., Jarman, N., Sturgeon, B. and
Bryan, D., 2017. Combining T-communities and GPS tracking to assess the impact of
segregation on mobility in Belfast.
Faizul, A.H. and Rashid, R.A., 2017. GuardExpert PRO: Application-centric IoT solution for
Guard Touring System. ELEKTRIKA-Journal of Electrical Engineering, 16(2), pp.39-43.
Khakimov, A., Muthanna, A., Kirichek, R., Koucheryavy, A. and Muthanna, M.S.A., 2017,
February. Investigation of methods for remote control IoT-devices based on cloud platforms
and different interaction protocols. In 2017 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers
in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus) (pp. 160-163). IEEE.
Lee, B.H.Y., Morrison, J.R. and Sharma, R., 2017, June. Multi-UAV control testbed for
persistent UAV presence: ROS GPS waypoint tracking package and centralized task
allocation capability. In 2017 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems
(ICUAS) (pp. 1742-1750). IEEE.
MEFFE, A., Prieto, M.A.P., Romero, F., Garcez Neto, Á., Jesus, A.S. and TEORODO Jr,
J.R., 2019. A LOW-COST LORAWAN WIRELESS IoT SOLUTION FOR REMOTE
MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS OF CONSUMERS’MEASUREMENT DATA.
Monteiro, L., 2016. Using GPS data from Web 2.0 platforms to assess informal trail network
and its impacts in protected areas. Proceedings MMV8, pp.270-272.
Narain, S., Ranganathan, A. and Noubir, G., 2019, May. Security of GPS/INS based on-road
location tracking systems. In 2019 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP) (pp. 587-
601). IEEE.
Pakkanen, M., 2017. Integration of GPS tracking tool for facility maintenance software.

10Data Communications and Enterprise Networking
Stienen, E.W., Desmet, P., Aelterman, B., Courtens, W., Feys, S., Vanermen, N., Verstraete,
H., Van de Walle, M., Deneudt, K., Hernandez, F. and Houthoofdt, R., 2016. GPS tracking
data of Lesser Black-backed Gulls and Herring Gulls breeding at the southern North Sea
coast. ZooKeys, (555), p.115.
Sugimoto, K., Ota, K. and Suzuki, S., 2019. Visitor mobility and spatial structure in a local
urban tourism destination: GPS tracking and network analysis. Sustainability, 11(3), p.919.
Taczanowska, K., Bielański, M., Gonzalez, L.M., Garcia-Massó, X. and Toca-Herrera, J.L.,
2017. Analyzing spatial behavior of backcountry skiers in mountain protected areas
combining GPS tracking and graph theory. Symmetry, 9(12), p.317.