Database Design Project

This project demonstrates the design of a database using an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) and normalization techniques. The ERD, created using Microsoft Visio and presented in APA format, models a library system with entities for Books, DVDs, Patrons, Loans, and Fines. Each entity includes relevant attributes and relationships are defined. The project also explains the concepts of database normalization, specifically 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Normal Forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF), detailing their rules and importance in reducing data redundancy and improving data integrity. The solution provides a detailed explanation of how the database is designed to meet normalization requirements, illustrating the practical application of these theoretical concepts.

Assignment Explanation
The assignment is prepared in word document in APA format by using
Microsoft Visio.
In this I have develop an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) for showing the
scenario.
For representing the scenario, I have taken five entities i.e. Books, DVD, Patron,
Loan, Fine. And the attributes have been developed for each entities.
First I have select the entity Books and it contain two primary key and three
foreign key :-
The two primary key :-
1. Books ID
2. Books name
I contain three foreign key:-
1. Books Patrons ID
2. Books Loan ID
3. Books Fine ID
So the first foreign key Books Patrons ID has contain seven attributes:-
a) Patrons Name
b) Patrons Address
c) Patrons Investment
d) Patrons Type
e) Patrons Investment Type
f) Patrons Capacity
g) Patrons Total Investment
The second foreign key Books Loan ID has contain three attributes:-
a) Loan type
b) Simple interest
c) Compound interest
The third foreign key Books DVD ID has contain eight attributes:-
a) DVD Price
b) DVD Name
c) DVD Types

d) DVD Memory
e) DVD Capacity
f) DVD Data access
g) DVD Cost of Storage
h) DVD Types of Storage
After all these I have create a table Fine. And the entity Fine ID contain three
attributes:-
a) Loan ID
b) Patron ID
c) DVD ID
And it is the foreign key of three table i.e. Patron, Loan, DVD .
The screenshot of the diagram prepared in word document in APA format
by using Microsoft Visio.

Answer2
Normalization of data base concept and integration
We use normalization in data base design technique which is able to organizes
the tables in such a way that increase the indepandancy of data.
It uses to divide the bigger data table into reduced data table and associate
them by using the connection.
The theory of normalization and the first Normal Form was proposed by Edgar
Codd. And he continued with the extended theory 2nd and 3rd Normal Form.
Then he combined the Raymond F.
The theory of Normalization is still being developed. And the discussion is
continue to 6th Normal Form but in most practical situation, we achieve the
best normalization in 3rd Normal Form.
First normal form
It is the things of relation of interactive database. The relation only exist in
domain form if the domain of each aspect contain only the nuclear value.
And the value of each aspect contains only one value of that domain.

1st normal form rules:-
1) The value of table cell will have the one value.
2) Every row will be distinctive.
The importance of first normal form is that it reduce the redundancy and
eliminate the repeating of groups.
Second normal form
The importance of second normal form is it satisfy the situations like it will be
in the first normal form and all non-key aspects fully functional depend on
primary key.
2nd normal form rules:-
1) First it will be the first normal form.
2) The primary key will be only one column.
Third normal form
It is the third method of normalizing the database, it build on 1st and 2nd normal
form and it state that all field situation in referenced the data that is
independent on primary key will be detached.
3rd normal form rules:-
1) It should be in 2nd type of normal form.
2) It does not have transitive functional dependencies.