Database Management Systems: Models, Design, and Administration Tools

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Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................3
LO1 Elaborate Different types of database management system....................................................4
P1 Compare Different types of database models.........................................................................4
LO2 Design the Database management system using a relational model to meet client
requirements....................................................................................................................................9
P2 Produce a design for a relational database management system to meet client requirements.
.....................................................................................................................................................9
LO4 Demonstrate the system administration and management tools available on the chosen
platform............................................................................................................................................9
P5 demonstrate the tools available in the system to monitor and optimize system performance,
and examine the audit logs..........................................................................................................9
1. Solarwinds Database Performance Analyzer:............................................................................10
2. Lepide SQL server Auditing:.....................................................................................................11
3. SQL power tool:.........................................................................................................................12
P6 Demonstrate the tools available in the system to manage security and authorisations........13
Conclusion:....................................................................................................................................14
References:....................................................................................................................................15
Figure 1: Relational Model..............................................................................................................5
Figure 2: Hierarchical Model...........................................................................................................5
Figure 3: Network Model................................................................................................................6
Figure 4: Flat Model........................................................................................................................6
Figure 5: Entity relationship model.................................................................................................7
Figure 6: Object oriented data model..............................................................................................7
Figure 7: Context data model..........................................................................................................8
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Figure 8: Database Analyzer..........................................................................................................10
Figure 9: Lepide Auditor................................................................................................................11
Figure 10: Sql power tool..............................................................................................................12
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Introduction:
This report will contain all the information about Database management system, it will explain
different types of database model which are used in different queries, how these models can be
used in data entries and data manipulation, it will all the comparison among these database
models. How any model or relation model can process the normalization and provide efficient
and quality data structure.
In LO2 part it will explain how to design the relational database model as per the client
requirement. In LO3 part it will explain how to develop database management system using
appropriate interface.
In LO4 part it will show the confirmation of tools using for database tracking and analyzing the
data into table, it will provide information about how these tools can be used by database
administrators. In second part of LO4 it will explain the security tools using in database to
protect the data, sensitive data and network connection, authentication. How these tools can be
used via network administrators.
In M4 part it will help to understand the effectiveness of tools which are using in management.
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LO1 Elaborate Different types of database management system.
P1 Compare Different types of database models.
Database model: - Database model displays how any data connected with server and database
and how it is stored in tables. It has the feature of making relationship between data and data
table. A data model design the concept among data, and also in between entity and attributes.
Main database models are:
 Relational model
 Hierarchical model
 Network model
And other data models are:
 Flat model
 Record base model
 Entity relationship model
 Object-oriented model
 Context model
 Semi-structured model
 Associated model
Relational Data model: - this is mostly used in database. It stores data into table and the
process of storing data into table is known as relation, the values in these tables can be
normalized and the normalized values are known as atomic values. Every row holds a unique
value and it is known as tuple, every column holds the value in same field and it is known as
attribute.
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Figure 1: Relational Model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Hierarchical Model: - this model should have at least one Parent Entity with their children
entity. At top only parent entity will be shown, it is known as root, and it will be only one.
Figure 2: Hierarchical Model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Network model: - Here in this model Entities are present in a graphical representation, and these
entities will be accessed via different paths.
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Figure 3: Network Model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Flat model: - This model was introduced at first. In this, all the data were used to keep in simple
way. This is not a scientific model.
Figure 4: Flat Model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Record Base model: - it is used to providing overall structure of data, here are different record
types present in this. Every record type has a secure number of different fields which has secure
length.
Entity relationship model: - This model is totally based on real world. During make entries of
real world into a database table, entity has created and this model dependent on two things, they
have relationship among entities and entity and their attributes.
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Figure 5: Entity relationship model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Object-oriented Model: - It is one of the growing data models, this model contains audio, video
and other graphic files. these all files contains data bits and the procedure which will be the
database instruction.
Figure 6: Object-oriented data model
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Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Context model: - This is a supple model because it is the group of different data models like
Network model, object-oriented model, semi-structured model etc. because of adaptability this
model can do any type of work. This model also supports different type of users with their
different types of communication with database. It can also tackle different data in database.
Different data models provide the feature of creating database. any user can choose data models
according to their usage.
Figure 7: Context data model
Source: (madhusha udayangani, 2015)
Semi-structured model: - This model is known as a self-elaborating model. Information in this
model are attached with a scheme which is attached to the data and this process is known as self-
elaborating property.
Associative data model: - This model has separate property, this separate the data of the real
world that which should be kept or which not. It does sorting between associations and entities
(madhusha udayangani, 2015).
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LO2 Design the Database management system using a relational model to
meet client requirements
P2 Produce a design for a relational database management system to meet client
requirements.
LO4 Demonstrate the system administration and management tools available
on the chosen platform
P5 demonstrate the tools available in the system to monitor and optimize system
performance and examine the audit logs.
For keeping the database software smooth and to make the performance better in database
different tools have been used nowadays. These tools make the data and the database system in
better quality. These monitor the database, uplift database all the time. SQL queries checking is
most of the important task for Database administrators.
While the SQL server is slow then some the issues that raised as follows:
 Query Structure: - To find out most of the important query in SQL, makes better
performance of SQL server. If Database administrators find the queries which are used
mostly in the database then it will be easy to address them and it also decreases the load
on the server, less memory will be used. Find out all the applications which are using
these queries mostly in database, it will be easy to make problems sought out behind
these queries. It will also help other application which is crashing.
 Performance: - Memory, paging and cache should be recorded in real time to make
sure the SQL server is in execution mode and not in failure mode.
 Index breaking: - Indexing helps in searching the Database in more well-organized
manner, it also search in a faster mode, when the Database has been modified Like
Updating, removing items from database tables, indexing get separated and the
database breaks which leads to database indignity.
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 Database size:- As the size of the database increased, memory required accordingly so
that CPU and memory can read the data from different tables as the size increased,
performance of Database gets slower.
1. SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer:
This tool helps the database to perform better and increase the efficiency, it also helps to seek out
the traffic jam. It also records the time of requested query and response time of database then it
records the traffic jam of Database. It will show calculated time. Different colors shown in graph
is represented different SQL queries and the time which SQL statement takes how much time to
execute. User can click on individual to analyse the time and Query statement and also other
information.
Figure 8: Database Analyzer
Source: (Wilson, 2019)
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This application is very easy to use and very understandable to another user. Others can easily
understand all the terms like query statement, memory care, sessions, waiting times, Database
instance etc. dashboard of this application will provide total waiting time by days and months.
It has some other features like:
 Its tunes and enhances database performance.
 Active take care of database.
 It is high scalable.
 It can be integrated with another platform.
2. Lepide SQL server Auditing:
Figure 9: Lepide Auditor
Source: (Wilson, 2019)
This application provides the features of reporting of SQL server performance and its activity
etc. it analyses the most active users with database, other modifications to data, logins in table. It
also provides the features of creating own report by analyzing the several parameters. It shows
the changes that have been made in database and also shows by whom it has done.it checks all
the security and network connections, memory usage, load of data, other errors and etc.
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it has available as mobile application so that administrator can see wherever all the latest updates
and ad other live works which are happening in database table. Easy to use the dashboard of this
application and real-time take care of database.
3. SQL power tool:
Figure 10: SQL power tool
Source: (Wilson, 2019)
It is the application of single agent. This is very light in weight, also very good for tracking
database, different features are:
 SQL wait time.
 Disk mirroring.
 Performance counter.
 Database ability.
 High memory availability.
 Index separation.
 Sought out the deadlocks (Wilson, 2019)
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