Decision Support System: E-Accounting in Business Analysis

This report delves into the critical role of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in modern business, particularly within the context of E-accounting. It explores the evolution and importance of DSS, highlighting its function in analyzing vast datasets and aiding decision-making processes. The report examines different types of DSS, including model-driven and knowledge-driven systems, and their specific applications in financial accounting, emphasizing their contribution to business intelligence and competitive advantage. The analysis covers the impact of DSS on operational management, planning, and the reduction of human error in accounting, supported by literature reviews and case studies. Furthermore, it discusses the integration of E-accounting systems, the impact of information technology on business performance, and the advantages of DSS in enhancing decision-making processes. The report underscores the significance of DSS in creating accurate financial data and supporting informed business strategies, offering a comprehensive overview of DSS's role in modern business practices.

Running head: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Decision Support System
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Section 1
Introduction
In modern era of business, the use of decision support system has become very
crucial. The concept of the decision support system (DSS) refers to a computerized or
digitalized program that is mainly used to support the judgments, determinations, and
developments of accomplishment in a business or in an organization. A DSS is mainly used
to analyse a huge amount of data present in the business or in an organization for the analysis
of the condition of that company in order to help them in the business process. Mainly the
DSS is used help the business personnel in the decision making process by easing the
analysis process of the data created due to the business process of the organization. A DSS
can easily analyse a big data of a particular company and can generate a comprehensive
report from that huge data base (Provost and Fawcett 2013). Therefore it is quite evident that
this method has eased the duty of the man power and thereby enhancing the accuracy of the
data analysis as well. A DSS system analyse a massive data and simultaneously compile
various other information related to the data generated in the business process. By using those
huge amount of data, the DSS helps in the decision making process of an organization or the
company. The DSS system can be divided into mainly three types. The first one is fully
computerized system, the second one is operated by the human workforces and the third one
is combination of the both system. In most of the cases, it is reported that in most of the
organization the DSS is dependent on the computerized system that is the analysis and
decision making are completely regulated by the DSS. On the other hand, in a very few
cases, the system allows human users to make informed decisions in a more quick manner. In
the business process, this system can be used to in the operation management section and in
other planning departments in order to compile information and to generate decisions for that
particular scenario. Furthermore, the enhancement of the internet use throughout the world

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also promote the business companies to use the digitalized version of various system required
in the business process (Trigo, Belfo and Estébanez 2016). One of the most crucial system,
in the business process is the accounting system. The use of technology in the business
process had greatly changed the accounting system of the business process. The concept of
the E-accounting system is the online application that is used in the accounting section of a
particular company or organization. Therefore, it can be said that, it is the electronic version
of the lawful accounting process. This process mainly associated with the regular performing
of the accounting functions, accounting training and related education to the staffs by using
the computer based accounting tools or software. Moreover, it is reported that the use of this
system in the business process also affect the decision making system of the company and
thereby provides competitive advantages to the organization as well (Sun, Zou, and Strang
2016).
In this report, the use of various DSS available through the electronic accounting
system or E-an accounting system and its advantages are discussed in a brief manner.
Section 2
Background of the Study
From various studies, it is reported that the use of the DSS in the business accounting
process has enhanced greatly in recent time due to the immense improvement of the
technological use in various sector of this world. According to the study of Arnott and
Pervan (2016), it is reported that, the use of DSS system in the electronic accounting system
has greatly influenced the overall decision making process in the business sector. Moreover,
it is quite evident that, the use of such system in the e- accounting system of the business
support the business companies in gaining competitive advantages in the market. Hence,
almost all the companies present in the business sector are now using this DSS system in the

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E-accounting system in order to gain a competitive advantages. This process thereby helps
them to generate more revenue from the market. Not only this, but the using of this system
in the business accounting processes also reduces the importance of human man powers as
the business process is mostly dependent on the DSS system in the accounting system
(Trigo, Belfo and Estébanez 2016). According to the study of Sauter (2014), it is reported
that, there are mainly five types of decision making system and they are Communication
driven DSS, data driven DSS, document driven DSS, knowledge driven DSS and model
driven DSS. All of the DSS can be used to help the accounting sectors of business process by
analysing the huge databases and thereby help business organizations in gaining all kind of
business advantages. Apart from that, the use of this system also make the business
organization intelligence competent. In the business process mainly, the big data are used to
take various decisions in the business process. According to the study of Arnott and Pervan
(2016), it is reported that, the use of this system is also quite relevant in the context of higher
education system as this DSS also help the scholars to take appropriate decisions regarding
their educations.
Hence, in this modern time, it is very crucial to identify the importance of the DSS
in the accounting process of the business in order to make the process easier than that of the
traditional manual system of the business.
Aims of the Research
The main aim of this research is to find the use of various DSS in the business E-
accounting system of the business organization. Moreover, the effectiveness of the various
DSS system will be also be analyses in the context of the business process in the market.
Research Question
a) What are the different type of DSS in the E-accounting system in business?

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b) Is the use of DSS in the business process (E-accounting) helpful?
Section 3
Review of Literature
DSS present in the business process
The DSS present in the business processes essentially solve the given problems
present in the data generated through the use of technologies in the business process. Among
all the aforesaid DSS, present in the business process, generally, the Model driven DSS is
used in the financial system of the business. This DSS model is associated with the
accounting and financial models of the business. The model driven DSS mainly emphasizes
on the manipulation and accessibility of the financial data in order to get the maximum
functionality of the financial system of the business. In the business accounting system, some
of the OLAP system allows the complex analysis of the big data of the business process.
Such systems are mainly referred to as complex DSS and it is mainly associated with the data
retrieval, data summarization in order to gain the business intelligence (IşıK, Jones and
Sidorova 2013). Not only this, the use of DSS in the business also help the decision makers
of the company to analyse the situation in a proper manner and as a result they are able to
take required steps regarding the specific situation faced by the company or by the
organization. Along with the, model driven DSS, another DSS is also helped the business
process through the accounting sections of the business. In this scenario, the knowledge
driven DSS can be recommended. By using this method, the managers can take decision or
can suggest the required steps. During the financial accounting system, the use of this model
can help the overall organization regarding the generation of overall revenue of the company.
This system has mainly expertise in the problem solving sectors of the DSS and it is
dependent on the person-computer system (Augusto et al. 2013). According to the study of

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Soudani (2013), it is reported that the use of the knowledge driven DSS in the financial
accounting system can help the decision making system of the business as it is mainly
associated with the problem solving skills of the businesses.
On the other hand the study of Sharma, Mithas and Kankanhalli (2014), it is reported that,
the use of DSS in the business E-accounting process is associated with the creation of the
business intelligence in the business. The business intelligence (BI) is a new terminology in
the sector of information technology and thereby the term has become very relevant in this
current context of business processes. The concept of BI is associated with the gathering,
managing, analysing and sharing of the financial information in the business processes
(Elbashir et al. 2013). According to the study of Appelbaum et al. (2017), it is reported that,
the E-accounting system is widely used in the business accounting process of mod3rn
business. Many companies of modern days, are mostly rely on the computers and
technologies for creating and managing the accounting system of their businesses. It is
currently reported by many studies that, it is reported that, the business organization are
focusing on the implementation of this DSS in the accounting system of the business so that
they can interpret the business data in an effective manner. On the other hand, according to
the study of Taipaleenmäki and Ikäheimo (2013), it is reported that the use of information
technology in the business process has immense impact on the performance and productivity
of the company or business organization. Hence, it can be said that, the use of such systems
in the business data analysis, will help the organization to take decision regarding their
business. In this study it is noted that, an accounting package in the business accounting
system, plays a very crucial role in the overall performance of the organization as well.
According to the study of Rainer et al. (2013), it is reported that, the use of e-Accounting
system in the businesses will help in the reduction of errors in the business process as the
accounting software helps in the reduction of the human errors and thereby enhances the

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overall performance of the business organization. Therefore, it can be said that, the
application of the DSS in the modern business process will help the organization in a positive
manner. In a study, conducted in Vietnam, reported that, the use decision support system has
definitely improve the outcome of current business condition of the country. The application
of this system was first implemented in the project of a Forest management system of the
country (Taipaleenmäki and Ikäheimo, 2013). In case of the business environment, it is
reported that the use of information and computer technology system, to help the decision
making process regarding the accounting system of the business and the report stated that,
only 50% of the business organization of the country are using the DSS in their E-accounting
system. Along with this, it is also reported that, most of the organizations take decisions by
depending on the experiences of the managers instead of using the DSS. In a few cases, it is
also reported that, managers even do not know about the DSS and related algorithm of the
DSS and accounting system (García-Peñalvo and Conde 2013). In this study, the organization
accounting model of a few organizations of the country is discussed and along with this, it is
described that, the management accounting for the decision making process are used in many
organizations . However, the organizational accounting model in many organizations are not
oriented in a scientific ways as well (Buljubašić and Ilgȕn 2015). According to the study of
Abu Naser and Al Shobaki (2016), it is reported that the use of the E-accounting system in
the business process will help the organization to create faithful and appropriate financial
data of the company and thereby helps in the decision making process of the company as
well. Therefore, it can be said that, the use of the decision making system along with the E-
accounting system will help the organization to automate and integrate all the business
processes in an easy and cost effective manner (Rainer et al. 2013). Along with this, it can be
also stated that, the use the decision making system in the E- accounting system of the
business will help the organization, in accessing the day to day business operations within the

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organization and thereby causing the improvement of the overall business processes. Due to
having the ability of handling the huge amount data, this system will help in the advancement
of the overall business. This study also reported about the use of the DSS in the E- accounting
system of the business organization can internally control the financial reporting system
through the internal auditing system and thereby causing in the reduction of the risks
regarding the errors in the accounting section of the company. On the other hand, the study of
Juan-Verdejo and Baars (2013) also supported the previous findings. This study reported that
lack of use of the DSS in the business finance, may cause wrong decision making in the
organization and thereby affecting the overall performances of the company. As per this
study, it is reported that in order to manage the business in an effective and suitable manner,
the use of the information system in the business process will help the company to take
effective decision regarding the business process. This study reported that, the accounting
process of the company is associated with the identification of the external stakeholders of
the company by identifying the amount of revenue generation, annual business turnout of
other competitors of the market. Therefore, the use of DSS in the E- accounting system will
also help the business organization to identify the customers and the suppliers of the market
(Gottschlich and Hinz 2014). Since, it is reported that, the business is completely dependent
on the investment of the banks, insurance companies and other financial institution and so, it
is very crucial to take accurate decisions regarding the economic activities of the company.
Therefore, it can be said that, any type of wrong decision regarding the company will not
only hamper the company’s fate, but also affect the other stakeholders of the company in a
negative way. Therefore, by using all the E- accounting system in the company will help to
approve funds for the company and thereby improving the overall business of the company as
well. The study result showed that, only 67 companies out of 70 companies were using the E-
accounting or accounting information system for the business conduction process. From the

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data, it can be reported that, the among the 67 companies, only 31 companies always use the
E-accounting system, 35 companies only uses E-accounting system sometimes, and only
1.4 per cent of the total number of companies never uses the E-accounting system as a part
of their DSS (Buljubašić and Ilgȕn 2015). The study findings of the Lim (2013), reported
that the use of the E-accounting system in the business process has not any direct impact on
the decision making process of the business, however, there is a significant relationship in
between the internal components of the business such as risk assessment, control activities
and financial performances such as efficiency, profitability of the businesses. Apart from that,
the implementation of the E-accounting system in the business processes will also help to get
timely feedback on the financial performances of the company. Therefore, it can be stated
that, the use of DSS in the E- accounting system will help the company to take decision in a
quick and proper manner.

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Section 4
Critical Analysis of a Text
Full Reference of Peer Reviewed Text:
Arnott, D. and Pervan, G., 2016. A critical analysis of decision support systems research
revisited: the rise of design science. In Enacting Research Methods in Information
Systems (pp. 43-103). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
1. What review question am I asking of this text?
(e.g. what is my research question? why select this text? does the Critical Analysis of
this text fit into my investigation with a wider focus? what is my constructive purpose
in undertaking a Critical Analysis of this text?)
a) Research question for this study is what are the different type of DSS in the E-
accounting system in business and is the use of DSS in the business process (E-
accounting) helpful? This article used the methodological assessment of the
material of the Bibliometric and evaluated multiple papers and journals. The DSS
dominant and two thirds of DSS studies were empirical, greater than that of general
information system studies, personal DSS and group support systems (GSS).
Interpretive DSS study grew from a small foundation, with the DSR and laboratory
studies being significant categories of studies. Sadly, DSS study was established
comparatively ill of judgment and policy theory by 2003 and confronted by what
was described as' a crisis of significance. '
2. What type of literature is this?

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(e.g. theoretical, research, practice, policy? are there links with other types of
literature?)
This study is mainly a theoretical review study.
3. What sort of intellectual project for study is being undertaken?
a) How clear is it which project the authors are undertaking? (e.g. knowledge-for-
understanding, knowledge-for-critical evaluation, knowledge-for-action, instrumentalism,
reflexive action?)
This study provides the knowledge-for-critical evaluation.
b) How does the sort of project being undertaken affect the research questions
addressed? (e.g. investigating what happens? what is wrong? how well does a
particular policy or intervention work in practice?)
The overall trends since the end of the past article sample are described in DSS practice
and study. Following this, several expectations of improved DSS studies are codified,
which concentrate the updated bibliometric assessment.
c) How does the sort of project being undertaken affect the place of theory? (e.g. is the
investigation informed by theory? generating theory? atheoretical? developing social
science theory or a practical theory?)
This investigation uses information from previous literature analysis.
d) How does the authors’ target audience affect the reporting of research? (e.g. do they
assume academic knowledge of methods? criticize policy? offer recommendations for
action?)

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The findings are discussed in line with the expectations outlined in prior reviews. The
probable future directions in the sector are then speculated in the form of future analytical
forecasts.
4. What is being claimed?
a) What are the main kinds of knowledge claim that the authors are making? (e.g.
theoretical knowledge, research knowledge, practice knowledge?)
Theoretical knowledge is mainly claimed by the authors in this research investigation.
b) How clear are the authors’ claims and overall argument? (e.g. stated in an abstract,
introduction or conclusion? unclear?)
It is very clear and overall structure of this investigation has been clearly stated in the
Introduction section.
d) With what degree of certainty do the authors make their claims? (e.g. do they indicate
tentativeness? qualify their claims by acknowledging limitations of their evidence?
acknowledge others’ counter-evidence? acknowledge that the situation may have
changed since data collection?)
For the coding of any adverse framing effect a generosity bias was employed. With the
limitations of this research in mind, the assessment of expectations provides a basis for a
speculation on the future directions for the DSS sector and its overall significance for the
ISS.