Analysis of Depression: Causes, Treatments, and Burden Reduction

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Background of the research.............................................................................................................3
Treatment of depression..................................................................................................................4
Reducing the burden of depression..................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
Reference.........................................................................................................................................6
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Introduction
Depression is considered as the major contributor to the global burden for disease, which is
affecting the communities all over the world. It was found that globally 350 million people are
being affected by depression and more than 17 countries are involved in it. Further it was found
that out of every 20 people 1 person is being affected by depression (Haberler, 2017). The
disorder starts at a very young age and causes several disabilities for the patient. Based on this,
the research shall help in understanding various aspects of depression.
Background of the research
Depression is known as the common mental disorder, which is significant with a depressed
mood, loss of interest or pleasure, decreasing energy, feeling of guilt and various other things. In
addition to this, depression is also being accompanied by anxiety. These problems can create a
lot of harassment for an individual in their daily life where he/she might lose the impairment of
taking care of his own self. The worst scenario that depression can create is the patient may
commit suicide. Smith et al., (2018) stated that more than 1 million people lose their life due to
depression which stands to 3000 suicides every day. It was stated by WHO in 2012 that if one
person tries to commit suicide, then 20 others may follow them. Further, Gilbert, (2016) states
that there is a rise of curbing the depression and other mental health conditions on a global scale
where the requirement of taking actions against depressions is on the rise. Thus, it can be viewed
that there are multiple variations, which can cause depressions and make the person suffer the
most (Karp, 2016). Treatment for depression might consist of cognitive behavior therapy, and
problem solving treatment. Thus, patients suffering from this should enable a self-help
procedure, which will add an innovative approach to reduce the depression rate. Hence, for this,
the patient can go through several books, which deals with reducing stress.
Treatment of depression
The article on exercise as treatment for depression deals with the following things where
influence of publication bias can be observed. These observations are being discussed below:
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Uganda: A trial was carried out in the rural areas of Uganda in regards to reduce depression
levels. This showed that several groups that interpersonal physiotherapy has decreased the level
of depression symptoms among the young male and females of that society (Karp, 2016. ).
Chile: Trials in Chile that was conducted on several lower income women who were suffering
from depressions were examined to demonstrate the interventions that were needed to know the
depression levels. These interventions included psycho-educational interventions both in the
form of structured or unstructured nature. The trial found that there was a huge difference in the
collaborative care programs when they are compared with the standard care in the primary form.
Finally, the trial revealed that 70% of the stepped care groups had recovered well when they are
being compared with the 30% of the patients who were receiving some ordinary treatments from
the usual care groups (Haberler, 2017).
The methodology used in the above articles deals Meta analysis for publication basis. It was
found in the research work that on a global platform it 50%, 30% in the most regions and 10% in
some countries. It only gave insight about the interventions only made by several countries in the
most unsupervised way only. The research restricted to get insight into the causes of depressions.
Further, it underestimated the use of Meta analysis and the benefits that exercises can provide to
reduce depressions. Thus, we can conclude from the article that the secondary data from the
article supports the claim that exercise is an evidence-based treatment for reducing depression.
Reducing the burden of depression
This particular article on “using epidemiology data model to track depression” uses golden
burden disease to track the causes of depression. It suggest that mental cause is the epidemiology
of depression that is posing a serious threat to the global health challenges, which can be viewed
in social and economic level as well as the clinical level. However, certain strategies still prevail
which can be used as a combat force against depression. The essential thing is to make
interventions with generic antidepressant pills and undergoing several therapies. It can be
observed that several countries have adopted prevention programs across the lifespan of the
patients for judging the level of depressive symptoms. Chukhraev et al., (2017) states about the
effective community approach for preventing depression and reducing the risk factors. For
instance, school-based programs targeting the cognitive problems, problem solving and social
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skills of children and adolescents, as well as several exercises program for the elder persons. The
parental psychology was also improved through giving several training about the behavior of the
children and top track those behaviors. This shall help in improving and judging the outcomes of
the children (Andrews et al., 2019)
The above article is using a methodology where effectiveness and efficiency is calculated based
on the disability adjusted life years (DALYs). Service data is only taken into considerations
where sources included Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Thus, the
article only gave insight into the causes and the direct costs of treatments were only achieved.
Patients were considered who only received full treatments.
Conclusion
Depression is a mental disorder, which is very much pervasive in nature and is affecting us in
many ways. The above articles are giving insight into various causes and impacts of depressions.
However, 1st article is underestimating the Meta analysis and the 2nd article is only giving insight
into the causes. It is hard to find any articles, which might give insight into the causes as well as
treatment ways. Thus, this is creating a gap for this secondary data research and is limiting the
scope of the research which could be used in conducting future studies.
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Reference
Andrews, G., Sanderson, K., Corry, J. and Lapsley, H. (2019). Using epidemiological data to
model efficiency in reducing the burden of depression.
Chukhraev, N., Vladimirov, A., Zukow, W., Chukhraiyeva, O. and Levkovskaya, V., 2017.
Combined physiotherapy of anxiety and depression disorders in dorsopathy patients. Journal of
Physical Education and Sport, 17(1), p.414.
Elder, G.H., 2018. Children of the great depression. Routledge.
Gilbert, P., 2016. Depression: The evolution of powerlessness. Routledge.
Haberler, G., 2017. Prosperity and depression: A theoretical analysis of cyclical movements.
Routledge.
Karp, D.A., 2016. Speaking of sadness: Depression, disconnection, and the meanings of illness.
Oxford University Press.
Schuch, F.B., Vancampfort, D., Richards, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P.B. and Stubbs, B., 2016.
Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias. Journal of
psychiatric research, 77, pp.42-51.
Segal, Z.V., Williams, M. and Teasdale, J., 2018. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for
depression. Guilford Publications.
Smith, C.A., Armour, M., Lee, M.S., Wang, L.Q. and Hay, P.J., 2018. Acupuncture for
depression. Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (3).
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