Design and Analysis of Multi-Storied Building Project - CE Project

This project report details the design and analysis of a multi-storied building undertaken by a team of civil engineering students at SRK Institute of Technology, Vijayawada. The project involved the design of various structural components, including columns, beams, and slabs, considering both dead and live loads as per IS standards. The team utilized Staad III software for finite element analysis and design, comparing results with manual calculations. The report covers the objectives of the project, the student's individual contributions, including responsibilities such as ensuring accurate design, utilizing Staad III software, and comparing manual and software results. The report also highlights the theoretical understanding of Staad Pro software, calculations for two-way and one-way slabs, and the methodologies used for designing beams and columns. Furthermore, the report identifies issues faced, such as inaccuracies in lateral reinforcement calculations and storey drift analysis, along with the mitigation strategies employed. The project aimed to provide a suitable design for a multi-storied building, ensuring structural integrity and adherence to relevant codes and standards. The team collaborated effectively, leveraging each member's strengths to overcome challenges and achieve the project's objectives. The project also discusses innovative ideas and collaborative work processes implemented by the team during the project lifecycle.

CE 2.1 Information of Project
Name of this Project: Design and Analysis of Multi storied Building
Project’s Location: SRK Institute of Technology, Enikepadu, Vijayawada
Duration of the Project: [Please fill]
Organization Involved: SRK Institute of Technology, Enikepadu, Vijayawada
Position within Project: Team member
CE 2.2 Background
CE 2.2.1 Characteristics of the Project
A multi storied building comprises of more than 1 storey and has a vertical circulation
in the form of lifts, stairs and ramps. One of the major and the most basic aspects in structural
engineering is that it helps in designing several components like footings, columns, beams
and slabs. I was a team member in this project of designing a multi storied building. I have
designed the columns after doing frame analysis with the help of Moment Distribution
Methodology. I even had to consider on the basis of end conditions, eccentricity and
moments, even when it is a short or slender column. I also checked the sections for different
components, as per serviceability and strength. I, along with my team had to observe
variation, after comparing it to the manual analysis results.
CE 2.2.2 Objectives of the project
I had to understand that the most significant goal of the work is to provide a suitable
design to the multi storied building. I have analysed the building design with the help of
Staad III software. Few developed objectives of this project of designing of a multi storied
building are provided in the following sections:

 To give a detailed and accurate design to the multi storied building to be designed for
this work.
 To use the software of Staad III for completing finite element analysis and design for
ensuring that the design is proper and accurate for the building.
 To design a two way slab for supporting in both the way direction, so that it acts as
two ways supported slabs.
 To complete calculation of different dead loads and live loads as well as bending
momentum.
 To ensure that reinforcement in edge strip is calculated accurately and also check for
deflection in the project work.
 To design a one way slab for supporting in one way direction, so that it acts as one
way supported slab and check load transmission on beams.
CE 2.2.3 My work area
I, along with few of my friends, decided to execute this particular project work in our
engineering profession. My work area included providing a proper design to the multi storied
building and utilize Staad III software for the purpose. I even had to ensure that the respective
attributes of this multi storied building are being followed eventually and the project gains
success without much issue. Furthermore, I even had to assist my project supervisor in this
particular work.

Project Supervisor
Team Member (Me)Team Member Team Member
Team Member Team Member
CE 2.2.4 Project chart
Figure 1: Structure of the team
CE 2.2.5 My responsibilities
To make the work a successful one, I executed few responsibilities efficiently. My
first important responsibility was to ensure that the project design is accurate. For this
purpose, I checked several similar projects and took ideas from them to make sure that I have
not done any mistake in designing the project. I also checked different designs for columns
and beams for the project, so that the base is stronger for different stories. Moreover, being an
expert in Staad III software, I used this specific software for completing the design
successfully and also ensure that every reading is perfect for the work. I also had to compare
the readings of manual and Staad Pro result, so that I am able to analyse the load action on
foundation. The project documentation was also completed by me in this work.

CE 2.3 Personal Engineering Activity
CE 2.3.1 Theory of Project
I had taken up the theoretic understanding of Staad Pro design software to ensure that
I am able to provide a proper and accurate design to this particular project of multi storied
building. I have known that this software is required for performing static analysis, dynamic
analysis and second order stability analysis of the building. It also utilizes two or three
dimensional frame elements, continuum elements, spring elements as well as grid elements.
The extensive designing capabilities are eventually available for concrete, pre stressed
sections, timber and steel. For designing the load, I considered different aspects and attributes
and also cross checked with my other team members for ensuring its efficiency. For
designing of the two way slab, I had to consider the following details in this work:
I even calculated load for this particular slab.

After successfully calculating the bending moment as per the IS Code 456 – 2000, I
got the following results:
After calculating reinforcement in edge strip, I got following data for this project
work.
At
Support
Moment Bending moment Ast Ast Req spacing prov spacing
For short Mx(-) 9.53 217 150 360 300
Span
Mid span
Support Mx(+) 7.06 160 150 490 300
For short
span
Longer
Span My(-) 5.5 123.8 150 630 300
end
support
Longer
Span My(+) 4.12 92.46 150 840 300
end
support

Similarly, two way slab was also designed with proper calculations:
The load calculated in this project was 9.18 KN/m after consideration of dead load,
live load, floor finish, total load and factored load. Furthermore, I even checked distributed
reinforcement for this work, for ensuring that the spacing is perfect. This was being done by
us after consideration of seismic loads that are acting in the horizontal direction. We have
used proper grade concrete for all the structural elements both in the central columns and
plinth within first floor and ground floor. The beams are being assumed to be rectangular in
shape, for proper distribution of the larger moment within columns. We had to ensure that the
sizes of all the columns within upper floors are kept of same size; however we increased the
column sizes for plinths. The floor diaphragms were being assumed to be rigid.

CE 2.3.2 Engineering knowledge and application of skills in the Project
For executing this particular work, I have considered my knowledge for Staad Pro
software and one way or two way slabs. Moreover, I even had to consider details related to
designing of a building, including, columns and beams.
CE 2.3.3 Tasks performed by me
A proper methodological approach was followed by my entire team in this particular
work. We checked for deflection in the one way and two way slabs and then executed the
other calculations. Following are the details of panels for two way and one way slabs.

Table 1: Areas of steel provided
Moreover, we even completed load transmission on beams and designing of beams.
The manual analysis of beam is provided below:

We have done this project to ensure that designing of multi-storey building is quite
easier and can be completed easily. For this purpose, we had to follow the centre line
dimensions for better analysis and designing. It is also advisable to consider finite size joint
width. Moreover, stability indices were checked by us as per standards for all the storeys for
better classification of the columns within a specific storey as columns. We have also
checked for bending moments and shear forces and conducted different experiments.
CE 2.3.4 Issue identified and mitigated
2.3.4.1 Issue
I was unable to provide accurate results while calculating lateral reinforcement. As a
result, the project was not getting completed within time. The volume of lateral dimensions
taken was 0.2% and the volume of per meter length of pile was 360000mm3. However, the
end result was erroneous. Another issue was during analysis of storey drift. This particular
drift in a storey is for the specified design lateral force with the partial load factor of 1.0, it
should be exceeded by 0.004 times the height of the storey. However, we were not getting
proper results for the top floor.
2.3.4.2 Mitigation
I consulted with my supervisor and then made the calculations once again.

For storey drift, I completed the frame analysis for checking the displacements of
different mass centres of several floors to be obtained. After checking the displacements and
building configurations, I found out that I have taken the displacement of ground floor was
8.49mm, which was less hence the storey drift was erroneous. However, I changed it to
9.49mm and storey drift was proper and accurate to 9.08mm.
CE 2.3.5 Plan for innovation
I gave innovative ideas for the work and then ensure that all the building materials
and attributes are accurate for providing a creative work. I even checked for handling stresses
in the building.
CE 2.3.6 Collaborated work
Being a team member, I ensured that every member is working collaboratively for the
work and also eradicating weaknesses of one another on a priority basis.

CE 2.4 Overall Project Summary
CE 2.4.1 Overview of the Project
We collaboratively completely the work of multi storied building, even being
students in university. A proper and accurate designing was made for this purpose. Four
distinct components were considered here and analysis was completed eventually.
CE 2.4.2 My Contributions
I had to calculate the loads, which include dead loads and live loads. As soon as loads
were obtained, I checked that the component takes the load at first for designing the slabs.
This type of designing of slabs is completely dependent on the fact that it is a one way or two
way slab. Moreover, overall designing was done by me.