Design Thinking: Comparative Analysis of Two Articles

This report presents a comparative analysis of two articles centered on design thinking. The first article, "Design Thinking is Fundamentally Conservative and Preserves the Status Quo," critiques design thinking, highlighting its limitations in addressing complex challenges and its tendency to maintain existing structures. The analysis delves into the author's arguments, research methods, and the broader literature, examining the paper's relevance to business and societal impacts. The second article, "Why design thinking works," focuses on the benefits of design thinking, particularly in fostering innovation and creativity by understanding customer needs. The report analyzes research methods, the main arguments, and the paper's relevance to business, exploring how design thinking affects communities and society. The analysis includes the author's intentions, research methodologies, and the papers' relevance to business practices, along with the conclusions reached and the contributions made in completing the analysis. The report offers a comprehensive overview of both articles, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of design thinking and its implications for business and society.

Compare and contrast

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
"Design Thinking is Fundamentally Conservative and Preserves the Status Quo".........................1
Intention of the author's argument...............................................................................................1
What were the research methods been used. Do you deem the method to be appropriate? Is it
empirical or anecdotal?...............................................................................................................1
What does the wider domain literature reveal?...........................................................................2
What is the main line of argument? Is the idea well presented and sufficient? Make your own
judgement....................................................................................................................................2
Is the paper directed at a specialized or general audience? What is the purpose of writer? Is it
to build theory, to inform or another reasons. ............................................................................2
Is there dissension between different authors? Which viewpoint do you agree? Are there any
other alternatives?.......................................................................................................................2
About findings as well as omissions, limitation and provision of contrary evidence.................3
Reason behind author's accomplishments of purpose.................................................................3
Relevance to business and management practice........................................................................3
Explanation of how and where design thinking affect communities business or society as
large.............................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion which reached with evidence..................................................................................4
Contribution and achievement in completing analysis...............................................................4
“Why design thinking works”..........................................................................................................4
Intention of the author's argument...............................................................................................4
What were the research methods been used. Do you deem the method to be appropriate? Is it
empirical or anecdotal?...............................................................................................................5
What does the wider domain literature reveal?...........................................................................5
What is the main line of argument? Is the idea well presented and sufficient? Make your own
judgement....................................................................................................................................5
Is the paper directed at a specialized or general audience? What is the purpose of writer? Is it
to build theory, to inform or another reasons. ............................................................................5
What is the relevance to business and management practice?....................................................6

How, why and where does design thinking affect communities, business, or society at large?.6
What conclusions you reach? Provide evidence for your line of reasoning...............................6
What have you achieved or contributed in completing this analysis?........................................6
What are the findings were there any omissions, limitations, or provision of contrary
evidence?.....................................................................................................................................6
Did the author/s achieve their purpose accurately and coherently?............................................7
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Design thinking is an approach that is relatable to human centred approach that is
dependent over understanding and acknowledgment of rapid prototyping, generation and
development of creative ideas, transformation of adequate products, process, services and
organisation(Auernhammer, Sonalkar, and Saggar 2021) . It consists of various stages such as
empathise, defining, ideation, prototype and testing. The report below is based on two articles
that is related to design thinking readings in regard of certain issues and approaches that values
and focused about problem solving methodology.
"Design Thinking is Fundamentally Conservative and Preserves the Status
Quo"
Intention of the writer's argument
As per the author's argument, there were many criticisms as in context with design
thinking that it was poorly been defined. Due to such design thinking it was reducing the
participation in design process. Due to this innovative ideas were not able to establish and all
challenges which were occurring were not able to solved properly. There was another issue also
which was with respect to the strategy been preserved as well as the status quo. Due to this
conditions high degree of uncertainty was there in relation with climate change that may result
into disaster.
What were the research methods been used. Do individual deem method to be specific? Is it
empirical or could anecdotal?
The first approach been used is the rational experimental method. It was implemented in
relation with problem solving. The approach is defined as a very simplified version of whole
scientific method. The another research method which were been used is in terms of definition
which was initiated with respect to design whole challenge(Bargh, and Choenni 2019) . Both
the approaches are appropriate because it was increasing the effectiveness of overall experiments
been done. They turned all ability to solve a specific issue in terms of the rarified practice. It was
empirical because it was been measured that there is a difference between both approaches.
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What does the wider domain literature reveal?
The domain literature reveals that both the design process and solution are been opened.
As all individuals in that particular area are involved in getting indulged into the design process.
They shaped all physical elements as well as the economic projects which are been supported.
The project of design thinking is all about water hubs, are used in various centres and is also
considered as a place of contemplation. It was also revealed that the project shelters provides a
effective space for all the collaborative engagement with respect to climate change been created.
What is the major line of argument? Is the idea well representation and sufficient? Make your
own judgement.
The main line of argument was that after the phase of Hurricane study it caused
around more than $60 billion of damage been done in the region of New york. So, it was very
much crucial to implement new solutions in context with reconstruction so that a efficient
infrastructure can be developed and all region can be protected(Bhushan, 2019). The idea been
generated was well presented because it provided a solution that were offering another ideas also
in context with design thinking. It was creating a proposal in relation with the necklace of all
islands.
Is paper guided at a specialized or general customers? What is motive of author? Is it to create
theory, to inform or another reasons.
The paper was been directed to certain companies as well as political actors in context
with the inclusive process of interpretative engagement been done. The main purpose behind this
approach was to provide a wide ranging interpretation through which a representation was been
done of overall commitment and the goal was to provide new ways so that all changes can be
met. It was initiated in relation with solving out a business issue.
Is there dissension among various writers? Which opinion do you agree? Are there any other
alternatives?
No there is no kind of any dissension between authors. Yes there are other alternatives
too that they should change their old methods into a new one and implement their design
thinking method(Cooke, Dusenberry and Robinson, 2020). The designer herself should build all
details related to problem, by listing out their experiences.
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About findings as well as omissions, limitation and provision of contrary evidence.
As design thinking is considered as a core strategy which is designed to preserve and
conserve status quo as well as old strategy. Design thinking privileges designer about their
serving. This article finds and provides information about various design thinking methods old
as well as new in order to preserve as well as conserve status quo of various old and new
technology. It has been founded that there are some of similarities between old and new methods
of design thinking(Fuchs, and Golenhofen, 2019). As there is rational experimental problem
solving which is created at different stages for creating and leading up to a identified solution. It
has been founded that design thinking as well as rational experimental method which establishes
problem solving as a powerful design and social needs.
Reason behind author's accomplishments of purpose.
From this article it has been identified that there are some of reasons which are behind
author's achievement of purpose as well as motive of article of design thinking which is
generally conservative or preservative in maintaining status quo which are as follows:
 Author of article requires to identify old as well as new methods of design thinking in
carrying practices.
 It is required to be identified there is an interpretive engagement that helps in shaping
design choices which are dredged.
 To identify transformed and transformative results and solution of design thinking.
 To determine use of unsuited model of design thinking which leads to have uncertainty
in sometimes.
 To conserve and preserve status quo for carrying out various alternatives(Liedtka,
2018).
Relevance to business and management practice.
As from defined article of design thinking in conservative and preservative in status quo
which are as follows:
 It helps business and management practice in determining various social innovators as
well as political actors in running business practices.
 It leads to creativity in having operations of working.
 It encourages participatory creativity with their design.
 It helps in dealing with changes.
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Explanation of how as well as where design thinking affect communities business and society as
large.
As design thinking models of conservative as well as preservative for maintaining a
status quo leads to affect communities and society as a whole in some ways which are as
follows:
 Design thinking leads in creating and designing change in communities.
 It affects on changes in societies.
 It creates interpretive engagement of old and new methods of design thinking in
business management areas.
 It affects society's environment as well as surroundings.
Conclusion which reached with evidence.
From this article it has been conclude that design thinking process determines and carries
various information could be generated for carrying up innovation as well as interpretive
engagement(Lin, and Eichelberger 2020). Along with that there are various status quo open
alternative which is required to be carried in effective way. There is unsuited practice of
uncertainty in design thinking process.
Contribution and achievement in completing analysis.
From this article there some of contribution as well as achievement which are mentioned
by author for performing analysis and explaining motive and purpose of design thinking
fundamental process which leads to creativity and innovation in building a status quo for area f
business and management practice. There is an achievement of carrying interpretive engagement
idea of design thinking process model and innovation.
“Why design thinking works”
Intention of the author's argument
Intention of the author's outcome: as per the article, author has been defining that new
ways of organising work which has been offers extraordinary improvements to the organisations,
along with this, author has been addresses the behaviour and biases which hamper the
innovation(Loyola, Grimberg, and Colomer 2020). The main intention behind this is to explain
the structure thinking which developed natural flow of creativity with determining the
challenges.
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What were the research methods been used. Do individual deem the method to be right? Is it
empirical or anecdotal?
For this anecdotal method is used, this is an investigation technique consist of verbal
reports of incidents that has been observes in order to consider them as useful technique. This is
an appropriate method as this has been offers the clues areas of investigation on more systematic
manner.
What does the wider domain literature reveal?
This literature review has been explains that how design thinking provide support to the
people to overcome the problems along with encouragement in their creativity. Moreover,
experience of the innovator reshape through understanding and modelling of the experience of
customers and design thinking as research on customer provides support in to set aside their own
value and identify the needs which is not experience by the customers(Madson, 2021). Along
with this, new experiments on regular basis has been reduce the fear of stakeholders for chance
and provides various advantages in encouraging productivity.
What is the major line of argument? Is idea effectively presented and sufficient? Make your own
judgement.
This article has been evaluating that there are various practices that stimulate new ideas,
innovation and creativity, but team struggle to apply them in adequate manner. For this, it is
necessary for the company to research on the customers experience to produce data, better
insights and help team to develop the criteria which they are going to use in the brainstorming
solutions. In the this evidence are well presented, sufficient and convince as for innovation and
creativity it is necessary to know about the customer's needs and requirements.
Is paper organised at a specialized and general audience? What is the aim of writer? Is it to create
theory, to inform or another reasons.
This paper is for the business specialised audience that has to know about the concept of design
thinking which help in to enhancing value and competitive advantage(Mount, Round, and
Pitsis, 2020). This is to inform the the people about the specific business which is essential for
maintaining longer sustainability and this also to influence the people to induce design thinking
in their practices.
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What is the relevance to business and management practice?
In the context of management practices, this can help in the customer reach and focused
to know about the their views. This article does not do focus on their business, this is keep
thinking about the well being of the customer. Design thinking also do focus to create new
innovate ideas for the satisfaction of their customers. Although, this article says how the people
can overcome with their problems and keep observing the the experience of customers, in order
to trying the new designs. Because in this article, the concept is clear about the customers point
of view.
How, why or where does design thinking creates impact on communities, business, and society
at large?
The design thinking is focusing on the human insight thinking, that how the culture can
impact on their designs. The design is also depends on what type of culture the humans are
following and accordingly, they try to make the design in respects of peoples culture, society and
communities(Sivertstøl, and Fjuk, 2019). Although, this design carefully design the dialogues to
not to affect the customers beliefs towards their point of view . Sometimes because of the
cultural beliefs, customers can not express the internal desire, they only do focus on their cultural
terms. With the help of this, they try to know their desire and help to fulfil the needs.
What conclusions individual reach? Give evidence for line of reasoning.
This gives the conclusion in the way, this is an experiment of the new solutions. That
how to reduce the burden of the stakeholders and also this impact the fear of change of the
peoples and adopting the new designs. This also helps to negotiate the compromises in order to
design thinking. This also helps to merge to reduce
What have you achieved or contributed in completing this analysis?
After completing the analysis,this is observed that design thinking is fully depends on the
social technology and total quality management, this also do focus on the customer discovery,
the new idea generation and testing of the new design. Although, this gives a new shape to the
experience of the innovators
What are findings were there any mistakes, disadvantages or provision of contrary proof?
The findings are enough strong , because this helps to innovate the new ideas, and the
team who trying to innovate they sometimes faces much more struggle in order to reduce the
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burden of the stakeholders, there is no need of omission in their ideas. The ideas they are
applying that are best they are doing to know the needs of the customers and also this is keep
focusing on everyone cultural beliefs and and know their limits in order to design the new
thinking .
Did the author/s achieve their purpose accurately and coherently?
Yes, because the author not only focusing on the business terms, they also do focus on
their best management practices, and always in favour of satisfying the needs and demands of the
customers. By trying to know their internal desire, because sometimes the customers can not
express their view points. So, the author view are accurate in achieving their targets.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that design thinking reading comprise with
various prospect through which learning is advanced in favourable manner. In this two article are
analysed such as “design thinking is basically conservative as well as preserves status quo’ and
“why design thinking implements”. It collectively assists to preserve and attain better strategy
under which ability and skills to advance level of participation and its involvement is advanced
in balanced mode.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Auernhammer, J., Sonalkar, N. and Saggar, M., 2021. NeuroDesign: From Neuroscience
Research to Design Thinking Practice. Design Thinking Research: Interrogating the
Doing, p.347.
Bargh, M.S. and Choenni, S., 2019, December. Towards Applying Design-Thinking for
Designing Privacy-Protecting Information Systems. In 2019 First IEEE International
Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications
(TPS-ISA) (pp. 196-202). IEEE.
Bhushan, S., 2019. Design thinking in hospitality education and research. Worldwide Hospitality
and Tourism Themes.
Cooke, L., Dusenberry, L. and Robinson, J., 2020. Gaming design thinking: wicked problems,
sufficient solutions, and the possibility space of games. Technical Communication
Quarterly, 29(4), pp.327-340.
Fuchs, C. and Golenhofen, F.J., 2019. Creating customer value through design thinking.
In Mastering Disruption and Innovation in Product Management (pp. 77-102).
Springer, Cham.
Liedtka, J., 2018, July. Innovation, strategy, and design: Design thinking as a dynamic
capability. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2018, No. 1, p. 13004).
Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Lin, M.F.G. and Eichelberger, A., 2020. Transforming faculty communication and envisioning
the future with design thinking. TechTrends, 64(2), pp.238-247.
Loyola, C.C., Grimberg, C.A. and Colomer, Ú.B., 2020. Early childhood teachers making
multiliterate learning environments: The emergence of a spatial design thinking
process. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 36, p.100655.
Madson, M.J., 2021. Making sense of design thinking: A primer for medical teachers. Medical
Teacher, pp.1-14.
Mount, M., Round, H. and Pitsis, T.S., 2020. Design Thinking inspired crowdsourcing: Toward
a generative model of complex problem solving. California Management Review, 62(3),
pp.103-120.
Sivertstøl, N. and Fjuk, A., 2019. Applying design thinking to innovate, validate, and implement
new digital services. In Handbook of Research on Customer Engagement. Edward Elgar
Publishing.
ONLINE
Iskander N., 2021. Design Thinking Is Fundamentally Conservative and Preserves the Status
Quo. [Online] Available through: <https://hbr.org/2018/09/design-thinking-is-
fundamentally-conservative-and-preserves-the-status-quo>.
Liedtka J., 2021. Why Design Thinking Works. [Online] Available through:
<https://hbr.org/2018/09/why-design-thinking-works>.
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