Comprehensive Design and Construction Project: TV Transmitter Circuits

This document details a student's project focused on the design and construction of television (TV) transmitter circuits. The project aimed to transmit audio and video signals over a defined distance, utilizing FM frequency for audio and PAL modulation for video. The student's responsibilities included circuit design, component mounting on printed circuit boards (PCBs), troubleshooting, and issue resolution. The project involved designing the circuit, explaining it to team members, and constructing the circuit, applying a 12V battery to power it. The project also covered the application of audio signals, pre-amplification, and the use of radio frequency transformers for maximum power transfer. The student identified issues like signal interference and noise, and proposed solutions such as ensuring no radio transmitter interference, separation of receiver antennas, and using fresh alkaline batteries. The student's work included technical specifications, PCB assembly, and collaboration with team members and a project supervisor. The project's goal was to design and construct a TV transmitter with a 100m range, adhering to technical standards and regulations.

Competency
Demonstration Report
Career Episode 1

CE 1.1 Project Information
Name of the project: Design and construction of TV transmitter circuits
Location of the project: (Please fill)
Project Duration: (Please fill)
Organization: (Please fill)
Role and Designation during the time: Team Member
CE 1.2 Project Background
CE 1.2.1 Characteristics of the project
I had conducted this project work on design and construction of television transmitter
circuits. The circuit of TV transmitter is used for transmitting the audios along with the video
signals. I analyzed the signals of the audio which are frequency modulated while there is PAL
modulation of the video signals. I applied the modulated signals to the antenna. I had analyzed
some of the applications of TV transmitter circuits such as it was used in the broadcasting
applications, transmission of both audios as well as video signals.
CE 1.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
Following were the objectives developed for this particular project study:
 To design and construct of television transmitter circuits which works over FM frequency
 To transfer of video as well as audio signals over definite distance

 To design of audio and video sender circuit by applying a voltage of 12V throughout the
battery to circuit
CE 1.2.3 My area of work
I had mainly involved in the design of television system so that I could embrace the
required capabilities of the sense of vision of people. I had compromised of providing television
services such as broadcast services into the television standards adopted. I had adopted the work
of transmission of signals over some specific distances for the communication. I had also worked
in an area of testing the circuit and telecommunication equipment.
CE 1.2.4 Project Group
Figure 1: People involved in the project
Head of the Department of Telecommunication
Engineering
Project Supervisor
Engineering student
(Myself)
Team Member
Team Member

CE 1.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
I had involved in the work of transmitting audio as well as video signals. I had also
designed the circuit of TV transmitter. After the design of each stage of the TV transmitter
circuits, I had carried out the construction work based on design parameters on printed circuit
board (PCB). I had done the construction work related to TV transmitted involved with a
mounting of components on PCB. I had done the mounting in the stages for identifying the units
at the time of troubleshooting. I had inspected the telecommunication devices on regular time
interval. I was responsible for solving project issues, assemble of situations and find solutions
with my knowledge of telecommunication. I had planned, designed and monitored the complex
telecommunication circuit by using my telecommunication skills to design circuits.
CE 1.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 1.3.1 Comprehending the theory of the project
I had designed the TV transmitter circuit, and then I had explained it to my team
members. Into the base of the transistor, I applied of audio signals into the resistor along with a
capacitor value of 10k Ohms to 10uf. Then, I had connected the emitter of the transistor to radio
frequency transformer. With the use of the transistor, audio signals were pre-amplified. I had
used radio frequency transformer for maximum transfer of power. At the side of primary
winding, I applied the voltage and at the side of secondary winding of transformer, I had induced
some value of voltage. In this way, the voltage was transferred from one of the circuits to
another. In this particular circuit, I had used a transformer with an inbuilt capacitor. I used of
some signal value in order to flow the current into one of the direction. It was then passed a

current value of 100mA for processing the information into the electrical signals. I had used it
for signal processing which was used for the video modulation. I had linked the audio input to a
base of transistor all over both resistors as well as capacitor into series. I had connected LC tank
circuit to the terminal of the collector of a transistor. I had analyzed that this tank circuit
produced of the carrier frequency for the modulation. Through the use of 10k ohms variable
resistor, I had applied video input signal to the transistor. After all this, I had fed modulated
signals into the antenna. In order to transmit the signal, I had used of antenna and took the
electrical signals along with conversion of electromagnetic radiations. I had used of antenna for
the purpose of emission.
Figure 2: TV Transmitter Circuit

CE 1.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied to the project.
I am bewaring of how to design and construct of the proposed telecommunication
system. I know that input of video signal to the proposed TV transmitting circuit is either
negative as well as positive. I have the experience to work in the networking field which was
preferred me to work on this particular project work. I also know software which deals with the
telecommunication system. I have also used my technical expertise skills to provide with wide
ranges of services as well as telecommunication engineering solutions. This project work was not
only enhanced my practical knowledge but also helped me to understand the concepts of the
telecommunication engineering.
CE 1.3.3 Accomplishment and task performed
I had initially connected the circuit as per shown into the TV transmitter circuit. I had
then applied a voltage of approximately 12V throughout the battery to a circuit. Audio signal was
applied to a base of transistor and transistor pre-amplified audio signal. It was applied to RF
transformer, and I had applied for a video signal to an input of video. After that, I had applied RF
transformer to the audio signals to transistor Q2, which modulated audio to the transistor Q2. I
had transmitted the video signals to antenna. With the use of LF tank circuit, carrier frequency
was produced for modulation. I had used of antenna for transmission of modulated wave, in
addition to the TV transmitter circuit was worked with VHF band among 50-210 MHZ. I had
used of UK standard FM modulation for the audio along with PAL for modulation of a video. If
we would use of DC power supply into the circuit, then it would be free of noises.

CE 1.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
1.3.4.1 Issues
I had observed that the audio signal had a lot of interference as well as fluctuations based
on a distance between a transmitter, receiver as well as a position of transmitter antenna. As the
devices were built simply, therefore it was lead to noise interference created high distorted
signals. Due to a weak battery used in the circuit, harmful interference was caused.
1.3.4.2 Solutions
I had made certain that there is no radio transmitter includes of system transmitter and
wireless system. I had also ensured that there is no receiver antenna which was touched with the
organizing receivers. I had reduced the possibility that antenna from one of the receiver did not
touch with another receiver. I had done a separation of at least 10 inches among two of the
receivers of an antenna. I had used good battery such as a fresh alkaline battery for the TV
transmitter as low voltage battery caused harmful interference into the circuit.
CE 1.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work.
I had prepared a technical specification for the TV transmitter circuits which helped me
an also my team members to understand the entire circuit in details. After the design of the
proposed TV transmitter circuit, I had assembled the entire circuit into the PCB. I had powered
the circuit from a voltage ranges between 5-12V of DC. I had also used a battery to power the
circuit as it helps to reduce noise along with improvement over the system's performance. I had
worked closely with the team members and project supervisor so that I managed in addition to
monitoring the entire TV transmitter circuit as per my project requirement.

CE 1.3.6 Collaborative work
With the help of two of my team members, I had carried out my project work. Most of
the work was carried out under tight deadlines as well as well-organized project milestones for
delivering the proposed objectives of a project. I had prepared a technical documentation based
on the project aims and objectives for telecommunication requisitions and performed of technical
evaluation of the entire TV transmitter circuits. Apart from all this, I had also provided technical
support to the project team members.
CE 1.4 Project Review
CE 1.4.1 Project Overview
I had worked on this project for the aim to design as well as the construct of TV
transmitter to cover a range of 100m. At the end of this work, TV transmitted was to broadcast at
a voltage of 12V connected with the battery to a circuit. I had also maintained safe work
environments by following the technical standards along with legal regulations.
CE 1.4.2 My contribution to work
I had involved in various service delivery aspects on time from carrying out of feasibility
study and determining connectivity to prepare a technical documentation. I had foreseen
problems with the telecommunication equipment and technical defects which were occurred in
this particular field. I had possessed a wide range of knowledge in the telecommunication field
regarding installation, design and construction of TV transmitter system.